壳体零件型腔加工的自动编程系统设计
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摘要
针对企业数控机床部分编程和操作人员CAD/CAM软件不熟悉和加工工艺知识不丰富,编制数控加工程序比较困难的状况,论文以壳体零件的型腔加工为对象,研究了准自动编程问题。根据壳体型腔加工的特点,分析了其在数控加工中的编程问题,提出了解决问题的方法。
1.确定了加工工艺的基本参数,立铣刀直径、行距、层降,以及刀具转速和进给量。给出了参数选择的依据,自动选择工艺参数的方法,及选择工艺参数自动编程系统的流程框图。
2.分析了用Mastercam自动编程软件生成型腔加工的刀具运动轨迹,以及挖槽参数的选择,加工图形的生成,给出了参数化生成的图形导入Mastercam的方法。
3.论述了Mastercam的后置处理功能,分析了不同数控系统的指令区别,对后置处理过的程序进行修改,给出了自动编程系统修改加工程序的框图。
4.通过壳体零件的加工,验证了运用自动编程系统提高编程效率,使参数合理化的可能性。
论文的研究结果,为提高壳体型腔的数控加工编程效率,提供了设计壳体零件的型腔加工自动编程系统的可行性分析,为对CAD/CAM软件不熟悉和加工工艺知识不丰富的人能够顺利的编制数控加工程序做了一些有意义的研究工作。
Individual’s scarcity on processing acquisition stressed on unfamiliarity in CAD/CAM revealed in enterprises’NC lathe programmers and operators, and dilemma in NC programming,the paper researched issues on automatic processing program rests on cavity of shell parts. According to the characteristic for processing cavity of shell part, the problem of programming to NC processing was analyed, and method to solve problem was given.
1. The parameters for technolegical processing, include tool dia.and stepover distance and floor depth and rotational speed and feed speed, were defined. It is put forward to the basis that choose parameters, the method that choose parameters automatically, and the flow chat that choose parameters for automatic programming sistym.
2. It is analysed that tool moving locus to be made in Mastercam for cavity processing, and that Pocketing parameter choosing, and that graph for processing to be made, and that mathod for transforing graph to be made by parametering in Mastercam.
3. It is expounded for the function of Mastercam post.It is analysed for difference of orders in different CNC. It is altered that program to be made from post. It is put forward that flow chat for altering program to be made by automatic programming system.
4.With processing to shell cavity, it is proven to raise effenciency of programming to CNC processing. And it is possible to choose parameters rationally.
For improving effciencey to programming of NC process shell cavity, the study analysis the feasible to system for automatic programming to shell part’s cavity process. It is done some things in NC programming well to individual’s scarcity on processing acquisition and unfamiliarity in CAD/CAM revealed in enterprises’NC lathe operators.
1.确定了加工工艺的基本参数,立铣刀直径、行距、层降,以及刀具转速和进给量。给出了参数选择的依据,自动选择工艺参数的方法,及选择工艺参数自动编程系统的流程框图。
2.分析了用Mastercam自动编程软件生成型腔加工的刀具运动轨迹,以及挖槽参数的选择,加工图形的生成,给出了参数化生成的图形导入Mastercam的方法。
3.论述了Mastercam的后置处理功能,分析了不同数控系统的指令区别,对后置处理过的程序进行修改,给出了自动编程系统修改加工程序的框图。
4.通过壳体零件的加工,验证了运用自动编程系统提高编程效率,使参数合理化的可能性。
论文的研究结果,为提高壳体型腔的数控加工编程效率,提供了设计壳体零件的型腔加工自动编程系统的可行性分析,为对CAD/CAM软件不熟悉和加工工艺知识不丰富的人能够顺利的编制数控加工程序做了一些有意义的研究工作。
Individual’s scarcity on processing acquisition stressed on unfamiliarity in CAD/CAM revealed in enterprises’NC lathe programmers and operators, and dilemma in NC programming,the paper researched issues on automatic processing program rests on cavity of shell parts. According to the characteristic for processing cavity of shell part, the problem of programming to NC processing was analyed, and method to solve problem was given.
1. The parameters for technolegical processing, include tool dia.and stepover distance and floor depth and rotational speed and feed speed, were defined. It is put forward to the basis that choose parameters, the method that choose parameters automatically, and the flow chat that choose parameters for automatic programming sistym.
2. It is analysed that tool moving locus to be made in Mastercam for cavity processing, and that Pocketing parameter choosing, and that graph for processing to be made, and that mathod for transforing graph to be made by parametering in Mastercam.
3. It is expounded for the function of Mastercam post.It is analysed for difference of orders in different CNC. It is altered that program to be made from post. It is put forward that flow chat for altering program to be made by automatic programming system.
4.With processing to shell cavity, it is proven to raise effenciency of programming to CNC processing. And it is possible to choose parameters rationally.
For improving effciencey to programming of NC process shell cavity, the study analysis the feasible to system for automatic programming to shell part’s cavity process. It is done some things in NC programming well to individual’s scarcity on processing acquisition and unfamiliarity in CAD/CAM revealed in enterprises’NC lathe operators.
引文
【1】刘润荣,孙苏榕.SolidWorks 的二次开发技术[J].机电产品开发与创新,2004,(3):62～64
【2】 源清,肖文.简析九十年代主流 CAD 造型基础技术[J].计算机辅助设计与制造,1998,(2): 1～5
【3】周艳红,周济,数控加工技术,国防工业出版社,2002 5~20
【4】何煜琛,何达 ,朱红军主编 , SolidWorks 2001Plus 基础及应用教程.北京:电子工业出版社, 2003 30~36
【5】王婕.复杂壳体零件数控加工技术[J].航空精密制造技术,2005,Vol.41(3):43～46
【6】徐立平,沈荣辉,林涛,黎晓林,黄宏彦. 箱体类零件的 CAD/CAPP/CAM 集成及实现[J],现 代制造工程,2002(11):25～26
【7】Keith M. Gardiner, An Integrated Design Strategy for Future Manufacturing Systems, Journal of Manufacturing, 1996,15(1):52~61
【8】Nee A Y C,Bhattacharyya N and Poo A N.Applying AI in jigs and fixtures[J].Robotics andcomputer integrated manufacturing,1987,Vol.3(2):195～200
【9】熊美,刘岩.壳体零件的数控编程基本实现过程[J].CAD/CAM 与制造业信息化,2004,(12): 83～84
【10】Keith M. Gardiner, An Integrated Design Strategy for Future Manufacturing Systems[J], Journal of Manufacturing, 1996,Vol.15(1):52～61
【11】周红 数控加工编程的后置处理. [J].电器技术与自动化,2003(6)71~72,75
【12】胡赤兵,赵家黎,邬再新.基于 PRO-E 的回转零件 CAD/CAM/CAPP 集成系统的开发与应用[J].制 造技术与机床,2004,(4):68～69,72
【13】B. Kadar, L. Monostori, E. Szelke. An object-oriented framework for developing distributed manufacturing architectures. Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, 1998, 9: 173~179
【14】Jamil KAKISH,Pei-liang ZHANG, IBRAHIM ZEID.Towards the design and development of a knowledge-based universal modular jigs and fixtures system[J].Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing.2000,(11):381～401
【15】计算机集成制造系统,国家高技术计划自动化领域 CIMS 情报研究课题组,电子工业出版社, 1990.6 21~28
【16】任仲贵,CAD/CAM 原理,清华大学出版社,1991.9 52~60
【17】李言,李淑娟,先进制造技术与系统,陕西科学技术出版社,2000 91~111
【18】白海清.基于 SolidWorks 的滚动轴承选用系统[J].机械工程师,2004,(7):25～26
【19】罗云华,王义林.汽化模具的三维造型与数控加工[J].模具技术, 2000,(4):83～88
【20】余京,孙正兴等,面向集成的特征基产品建模系统研究,计算机辅助设计与制造,1998.4 16~23
【21】王贤坤主编,机械 CAD/CAM 技术应用与开发,北京机械工业出版社,2001 15~38
【22】唐荣锡,CAD/CAM 技术,北京航天航空大学出版社,1994.3 19~32
【23】禹涌,唐荣锡、徐希,NC 编程系统中切削模型的统一表示,计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2000,Vol.12, No.3, pp184-188
【24】李师廉,屈贤明,先进制造技术,计算机世界,No 38,1995 27~39
【25】数控加工工艺学.中国劳动社会保障出版社,2000.5 10~26
【26】D Blackmore, M C Leu and L P Wang. The sweep-envelope differential equation algorithm and its application to NC machining verification. Computer-Aided Design, 1996,29(9): 629~637
【27】闫伟国、王敏杰,串行通信通用 DNC 系统的研究,机械设计与制造,2004.1 29~35
【28】胡维刚,机床模块化设计及其智能支持系统的研究与实践,华中理工大学博士论文,1993.3
【29】Ulrich,k.and K,Tung,Fundamentals of product Modularity,Issues in Design/Manufacturing Integration ,A,ASME,1991 , 73~79
【30】Pahl G.and W Beitz,Engineering Design-a systematic approach,Springer-Verlag,London,U.K, 1996 58~86
【31】孔永明. 复杂轮廓的刀位计算. 中国机械工程,1997 ,8 :152～154
【32】Chou S Y. Scallop hull and its offset . Computer Aided Design ,1994 ,26 (7) :537～542
【33】Lee K. Generation of toolpath with selection of proper tools forrough cutting process. Computer Aided Design , 1994 ,26 (11) :845～849
【34】顾雪梅. 鞋楦加工过程计算机模拟分析[J ] . 光学机械,1989 , (4) :71~76.
【35】石道渝,罗达立,钱家渝等. 基于 PC 机的鞋楦数控刻楦机数控系统[J ] . 计算机科学,1997(10): 114～116.
【36】程筱胜,廖文和,黄翔. 内嵌于 UG 的基于特征的 CAPP 系统[J]. 机械科学与技术,2005, 24(2):165~167 .
【37】金宇松,李蓓智,王庆霞. 基于典型工艺的 NC 自动编程工具[J]. 组合机床与自动化加工技 术,2004(8):1~ 5 .
【38】董正卫,田立中,付宜利. UG/OPEN API 编程基础[M]. 北京:清华大学出版社,2002 .69~90
【39】《金属机械加工工艺人员手册》修订组,金属机械加工工艺人员手册,上海科学技术出版社,1981 864~873
【2】 源清,肖文.简析九十年代主流 CAD 造型基础技术[J].计算机辅助设计与制造,1998,(2): 1～5
【3】周艳红,周济,数控加工技术,国防工业出版社,2002 5~20
【4】何煜琛,何达 ,朱红军主编 , SolidWorks 2001Plus 基础及应用教程.北京:电子工业出版社, 2003 30~36
【5】王婕.复杂壳体零件数控加工技术[J].航空精密制造技术,2005,Vol.41(3):43～46
【6】徐立平,沈荣辉,林涛,黎晓林,黄宏彦. 箱体类零件的 CAD/CAPP/CAM 集成及实现[J],现 代制造工程,2002(11):25～26
【7】Keith M. Gardiner, An Integrated Design Strategy for Future Manufacturing Systems, Journal of Manufacturing, 1996,15(1):52~61
【8】Nee A Y C,Bhattacharyya N and Poo A N.Applying AI in jigs and fixtures[J].Robotics andcomputer integrated manufacturing,1987,Vol.3(2):195～200
【9】熊美,刘岩.壳体零件的数控编程基本实现过程[J].CAD/CAM 与制造业信息化,2004,(12): 83～84
【10】Keith M. Gardiner, An Integrated Design Strategy for Future Manufacturing Systems[J], Journal of Manufacturing, 1996,Vol.15(1):52～61
【11】周红 数控加工编程的后置处理. [J].电器技术与自动化,2003(6)71~72,75
【12】胡赤兵,赵家黎,邬再新.基于 PRO-E 的回转零件 CAD/CAM/CAPP 集成系统的开发与应用[J].制 造技术与机床,2004,(4):68～69,72
【13】B. Kadar, L. Monostori, E. Szelke. An object-oriented framework for developing distributed manufacturing architectures. Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, 1998, 9: 173~179
【14】Jamil KAKISH,Pei-liang ZHANG, IBRAHIM ZEID.Towards the design and development of a knowledge-based universal modular jigs and fixtures system[J].Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing.2000,(11):381～401
【15】计算机集成制造系统,国家高技术计划自动化领域 CIMS 情报研究课题组,电子工业出版社, 1990.6 21~28
【16】任仲贵,CAD/CAM 原理,清华大学出版社,1991.9 52~60
【17】李言,李淑娟,先进制造技术与系统,陕西科学技术出版社,2000 91~111
【18】白海清.基于 SolidWorks 的滚动轴承选用系统[J].机械工程师,2004,(7):25～26
【19】罗云华,王义林.汽化模具的三维造型与数控加工[J].模具技术, 2000,(4):83～88
【20】余京,孙正兴等,面向集成的特征基产品建模系统研究,计算机辅助设计与制造,1998.4 16~23
【21】王贤坤主编,机械 CAD/CAM 技术应用与开发,北京机械工业出版社,2001 15~38
【22】唐荣锡,CAD/CAM 技术,北京航天航空大学出版社,1994.3 19~32
【23】禹涌,唐荣锡、徐希,NC 编程系统中切削模型的统一表示,计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2000,Vol.12, No.3, pp184-188
【24】李师廉,屈贤明,先进制造技术,计算机世界,No 38,1995 27~39
【25】数控加工工艺学.中国劳动社会保障出版社,2000.5 10~26
【26】D Blackmore, M C Leu and L P Wang. The sweep-envelope differential equation algorithm and its application to NC machining verification. Computer-Aided Design, 1996,29(9): 629~637
【27】闫伟国、王敏杰,串行通信通用 DNC 系统的研究,机械设计与制造,2004.1 29~35
【28】胡维刚,机床模块化设计及其智能支持系统的研究与实践,华中理工大学博士论文,1993.3
【29】Ulrich,k.and K,Tung,Fundamentals of product Modularity,Issues in Design/Manufacturing Integration ,A,ASME,1991 , 73~79
【30】Pahl G.and W Beitz,Engineering Design-a systematic approach,Springer-Verlag,London,U.K, 1996 58~86
【31】孔永明. 复杂轮廓的刀位计算. 中国机械工程,1997 ,8 :152～154
【32】Chou S Y. Scallop hull and its offset . Computer Aided Design ,1994 ,26 (7) :537～542
【33】Lee K. Generation of toolpath with selection of proper tools forrough cutting process. Computer Aided Design , 1994 ,26 (11) :845～849
【34】顾雪梅. 鞋楦加工过程计算机模拟分析[J ] . 光学机械,1989 , (4) :71~76.
【35】石道渝,罗达立,钱家渝等. 基于 PC 机的鞋楦数控刻楦机数控系统[J ] . 计算机科学,1997(10): 114～116.
【36】程筱胜,廖文和,黄翔. 内嵌于 UG 的基于特征的 CAPP 系统[J]. 机械科学与技术,2005, 24(2):165~167 .
【37】金宇松,李蓓智,王庆霞. 基于典型工艺的 NC 自动编程工具[J]. 组合机床与自动化加工技 术,2004(8):1~ 5 .
【38】董正卫,田立中,付宜利. UG/OPEN API 编程基础[M]. 北京:清华大学出版社,2002 .69~90
【39】《金属机械加工工艺人员手册》修订组,金属机械加工工艺人员手册,上海科学技术出版社,1981 864~873