复式斜坡上波浪与双列可渗潜堤的相互作用研究
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摘要
潜堤是海岸工程和海港工程中常见的消浪建筑物,它在保护海岸线免于海浪侵袭和保护港池作业安全方面发挥了非常重要的作用。为了避免过多的泥沙进入航道或港池,同时也为了减少工程量,降低工程成本,潜堤型式的防沙堤结构越来越多地运用到工程实践中。国内外针对潜堤的研究有很多,也取得了一定的成果。但是,但由于工程中存在众多的潜堤型式,在实际工程施工设计中还需要借助于物理模型试验,尤其是表现波浪在潜堤上的传播和破碎研究,仍有进一步的研究的必要。并且,很多的研究是建立在物理模型试验的基础上,对规则波的变化进行研究,通过对试验数据的分析,拟合得到波高透射系数经验计算公式或图表;也有的直接根据波浪理论,对波高透射系数进行理论推导。因此,对潜堤的研究,应该更加注重物理模型试验和数值模型相结合。
本文基于坡度为1:35复式斜坡床面上的波浪水槽试验,研究线性波与椭圆余弦波在斜坡床面上双列梯形透水潜堤附近的消浪特性、破碎型态以及波浪的沿程变化。利用Goda的两点法从试验数据中分离出入射、反射及透射波高以得到相应的消波性能试验结果,并以此研究双列梯形可渗潜堤对在线性波和椭圆余弦波作用下的消波性能的影响。针对可能影响到双梯形可渗潜堤消波性能的各个因素,本文主要探讨相对堤顶水深R/H,孔隙率K△,波陡H/L,相对波高H/h等因素的相互关系对双梯形透水潜堤的透射系数与反射系数的影响,比较分析了消波效果,并对模型消波性能的影响因素进行了深入分析。最后,本文建造二维波浪数学模型,以VARANS方程为控制方程,利用VOF方法追踪自由表面模拟线性波及椭圆余弦波对斜坡床面上潜堤的作用,所得到的数值计算结果与实验测量数据进行对比验证,吻合良好,因而可利用数值计算结果进一步分析波浪通过透水潜堤附近及潜堤内部的流场、潜堤附近的涡流等特性。
Submerged is the common wave absorbing structures in coastal engineering and port projects. It is play a very important role in the protection of the coastline as well as the job security from the wave attack. In order to avoid too much sediment into the channel or port ,but also to reduce the quantities of project, also reduce the projects’cost, types of anti-submerged breakwater dike structure more and more applied to engineering practice. Research on the breakwater has been widely expand abroad as well as in the country and also achieved some results, however , because there are many types of submerged, we need the help of physical model test in many cases in the actual project, especially in the wave propagation and breaking in the Submerged breakwater, further studies are still necessary. Moreover, a lot of research is based on the physical model, study the deformation of the wave,obtained Wave height transmission coefficients empirical formula or chart by fitting testing data; And some directly derived Transmission coefficients of the theoretical wave height based on the wave theory. Therefore, research on submerged breakwater, should pay more attention to the physical model test and numerical models combined.
Based on the slope gradient of 1:35 on the double wave flume tests, study the wave absorbing characteristics, fragmentation patterns and wave height changes along the slope bed surface when the linear wave and cnoidal wave pass through the trapezoidal permeable submerged breakwater which is set on the bed surface of slope. Using Goda's two-point method depart test data from the height of the incident wave and the reflected wave height in front of the submerged breakwater, and the transmission wave height after the submerged breakwater. Discuss the wave properties of submerged breakwater through by seeking the appropriate reflection coefficient, transmission coefficient. May affect the double-ladder against permeable submerged breakwater wave properties of the various factors,in this paper, we investigate the relative crest depth R/H, porosity K△, wave steepness H/L, Relative wave height H/h effect the transmission coefficient and reflection coefficient of the double trapezoidal permeable submerged breakwater, a comparative analysis of wave effects, and model the performance of wave factors analyzed in further. Meanwhile, established two-dimensional mathematical model of wave successfully in this paper, based on the VARANS equation, we use the VOF method to track the free surface of wave to simulate the interaction between the Linear wave as well as conidal wave and the double-ladder against permeable submerged breakwater on the surface of the slop. Validate is correct by compared the numerical results and experimental data. At last use this two-dimensional mathematical model to analyze the flow field of the nearby Permeable submerged breakwater also within the submerged breakwater, vortex and turbulence kinetic energy and other characteristics near the submerged breakwater.
本文基于坡度为1:35复式斜坡床面上的波浪水槽试验,研究线性波与椭圆余弦波在斜坡床面上双列梯形透水潜堤附近的消浪特性、破碎型态以及波浪的沿程变化。利用Goda的两点法从试验数据中分离出入射、反射及透射波高以得到相应的消波性能试验结果,并以此研究双列梯形可渗潜堤对在线性波和椭圆余弦波作用下的消波性能的影响。针对可能影响到双梯形可渗潜堤消波性能的各个因素,本文主要探讨相对堤顶水深R/H,孔隙率K△,波陡H/L,相对波高H/h等因素的相互关系对双梯形透水潜堤的透射系数与反射系数的影响,比较分析了消波效果,并对模型消波性能的影响因素进行了深入分析。最后,本文建造二维波浪数学模型,以VARANS方程为控制方程,利用VOF方法追踪自由表面模拟线性波及椭圆余弦波对斜坡床面上潜堤的作用,所得到的数值计算结果与实验测量数据进行对比验证,吻合良好,因而可利用数值计算结果进一步分析波浪通过透水潜堤附近及潜堤内部的流场、潜堤附近的涡流等特性。
Submerged is the common wave absorbing structures in coastal engineering and port projects. It is play a very important role in the protection of the coastline as well as the job security from the wave attack. In order to avoid too much sediment into the channel or port ,but also to reduce the quantities of project, also reduce the projects’cost, types of anti-submerged breakwater dike structure more and more applied to engineering practice. Research on the breakwater has been widely expand abroad as well as in the country and also achieved some results, however , because there are many types of submerged, we need the help of physical model test in many cases in the actual project, especially in the wave propagation and breaking in the Submerged breakwater, further studies are still necessary. Moreover, a lot of research is based on the physical model, study the deformation of the wave,obtained Wave height transmission coefficients empirical formula or chart by fitting testing data; And some directly derived Transmission coefficients of the theoretical wave height based on the wave theory. Therefore, research on submerged breakwater, should pay more attention to the physical model test and numerical models combined.
Based on the slope gradient of 1:35 on the double wave flume tests, study the wave absorbing characteristics, fragmentation patterns and wave height changes along the slope bed surface when the linear wave and cnoidal wave pass through the trapezoidal permeable submerged breakwater which is set on the bed surface of slope. Using Goda's two-point method depart test data from the height of the incident wave and the reflected wave height in front of the submerged breakwater, and the transmission wave height after the submerged breakwater. Discuss the wave properties of submerged breakwater through by seeking the appropriate reflection coefficient, transmission coefficient. May affect the double-ladder against permeable submerged breakwater wave properties of the various factors,in this paper, we investigate the relative crest depth R/H, porosity K△, wave steepness H/L, Relative wave height H/h effect the transmission coefficient and reflection coefficient of the double trapezoidal permeable submerged breakwater, a comparative analysis of wave effects, and model the performance of wave factors analyzed in further. Meanwhile, established two-dimensional mathematical model of wave successfully in this paper, based on the VARANS equation, we use the VOF method to track the free surface of wave to simulate the interaction between the Linear wave as well as conidal wave and the double-ladder against permeable submerged breakwater on the surface of the slop. Validate is correct by compared the numerical results and experimental data. At last use this two-dimensional mathematical model to analyze the flow field of the nearby Permeable submerged breakwater also within the submerged breakwater, vortex and turbulence kinetic energy and other characteristics near the submerged breakwater.
引文
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[6] William N.Seelig可透性防波堤透射系数的估算1981:41-44.
[7] D.-S. Jenga, C.Schachtb, C.Lemckert, Experimental study on ocean waves propagating over a submerged breakwater in front of a vertical seawall[J]. Ocean Engineering, 2005, 32: 2231–2240.
[8] Sheng-Wen Twu,Cheng-Chi Liu,and Wen-Hung Hsu, Wave Damping Characteristics of Deeply Submerged Breakwaters[J]. Journal of waterway,port,coastal,and ocean engine- ering, March/April, 2001:97-105.
[9] Dimitrios G. Stamos and Muhammad R. Hajj, Member, ASCE, Reflection and Transm- ission of Waves over Submerged Breakwaters [J]. Journal of engineering mechanics/ February, 2001,99–105.
[10] Dimitrios G. Stamos, Muhammad R.Hajj,Demetri P.Telionis, Performance of hemicy- lindrical and rectangular submerged breakwaters [J]. Ocean Engineering,2003, 30:813– 828.
[11] Inigo J.Losada, Javier L.Lara, Nicolas Garcia. 2-D Experimental and Numerical Ana- lysis of Wave Interaction with Low-Crested Breakwaters Including Breaking and Flow Recircu- lation [J]. Coastal structures,2003:863-875.
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[13] CHO Y S.LEE J I.KIM Y T Experimental study of strong reflection of regular water waves over submerged breakwaters in tandem 2004
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[15] A. Chiranjeevi Rambabu, J.S. Mani. Numerical prediction ofperformance of submer- ged breakwaters[J].Ocean Engineering,2005,32:1235-1246.
[16] M.G.MuniReddy, S.A.Sannasiraj,R.Natarajan, Numerical investigation on the dynamics of a vertical wall defenced by an offshore breakwater[J]. Ocean Engineering, 2007,34:790– 798.
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[18] Dalrymple R A el:a1.Reflection and transmission from porous atructures under oblique wave attack, J.FlIlid Mechanics,1991:625-644.
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