双极化微带贴片天线阵的研究与设计
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摘要
本文以腔模理论—格林函数法、多端口网络理论为工具，分析了两种结构的双极化微带贴片天线辐射单元，并分析了由这两种单元组成的四元直线阵。
首先，介绍分析了双极化微带贴片天线阵所要涉及的一些基本理论。其中着重介绍了多端口网络理论。
其次，本文详细地分析了两种不同馈电形式的双极化微带贴片天线单元，分别计算了它们的输入阻抗、隔离度和辐射图形，并与实测结果进行比较。
最后，本文研究了由上述单元组成的天线阵列。通过对阵列天线的分析比较，讨论了就再入遥测系统极化分集性能而言，角馈双极化阵列要优于边馈双极化阵列。
Two dual-polarization microstrip patch antenna units and their arrays are analyzed in this paper by means of Cavity theory, Green Function Method and Multiport Network Theory.
Firstly, some basic theories relevant to dual-polarization microstrip patch array antenna are introduced in this paper, especially the multiport network theorys.
Next, two dual-polarization microstrip patch antenna units are analyzed in detail. Its performances such as input impedance, isolation, radiation pattern are computed and calculated. They are also compared with the measured result.
Last, the array antenna is analyzed and designed in detail. From analyzing and comparison, the performance of corner-fed array antenna is superior to that of side-fed array antenna and more suitable to re-entry diversity receiving.
首先，介绍分析了双极化微带贴片天线阵所要涉及的一些基本理论。其中着重介绍了多端口网络理论。
其次，本文详细地分析了两种不同馈电形式的双极化微带贴片天线单元，分别计算了它们的输入阻抗、隔离度和辐射图形，并与实测结果进行比较。
最后，本文研究了由上述单元组成的天线阵列。通过对阵列天线的分析比较，讨论了就再入遥测系统极化分集性能而言，角馈双极化阵列要优于边馈双极化阵列。
Two dual-polarization microstrip patch antenna units and their arrays are analyzed in this paper by means of Cavity theory, Green Function Method and Multiport Network Theory.
Firstly, some basic theories relevant to dual-polarization microstrip patch array antenna are introduced in this paper, especially the multiport network theorys.
Next, two dual-polarization microstrip patch antenna units are analyzed in detail. Its performances such as input impedance, isolation, radiation pattern are computed and calculated. They are also compared with the measured result.
Last, the array antenna is analyzed and designed in detail. From analyzing and comparison, the performance of corner-fed array antenna is superior to that of side-fed array antenna and more suitable to re-entry diversity receiving.
引文
[1]杨可忠．分集天线．无线电通信技术，1999(6)：1-3,47．
[2]刘庭华，章文勋．双频／双极化微带贴片天线研究进展．现代雷达，1999(5)：91-99．
[3]王效军．双极化天线在移动电话基站中的应用．广西通信技术，1999(3)：25-27．
[4]T.Itoh, W.Menzel. A Full-Wave Analysis Method for Open Microstrip Structures. IEEE Trans AP, 1981.29(1):63-67.
[5]F.Bilotti, C. Vegni. Design of a Dual-polarization Linear Patch Array via Full-Wave Analysis. Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, 1999. 23(5):277-281.
[6]尹家贤等．双极化口径耦合微带天线FDTD分析．微波学报，2001．17(1)：14—17．
[7]杨帆，张雪霞．遗传算法在微带天线优化中的应用．电子学报，2000(9)：91—95．
[8]张钧等．微带天线理论与工程．北京：国防工业出版社，1988．
[9]鲍尔等．微带天线．北京：电子工业出版社，1984．
[10]K.C.Gupta, R. Garg,R.Chadha. Computer-aided Design of Microwave Circuits. Artech House,1981.
[11]P.C.Sharma, K.C.Gupta. Green's Functions for Triangular Segments in Planar Microwave Circuits. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 1980.28(10): 1139-1143.
[12]P.C.Sharma, K.C.Gupta. Green's Functions for Circular Sectors, Annular Rings, and Annular Sectors in Planar Microwave Circuits. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 1981.29(1):68-71.
[13]T.Okoshi, T.Miyoshi. The Planar Circuit-An Approach to Microwave Integrated Circuitry.IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 1972.20 (4): 245-252.
[14]K.C.Gupta. Multiport Network Modeling Approach for Computer-Aided Design of Microstrip Patches and Arrarys. IEEE Trans on Antenna and Propagation. Soc. Int. Symp. Digest, 1987. (1) :786-789.
[15]Abdelaziz Benalla and KC.Gupta. Multiport Network Model and Transmission Characteristics of Two-Port Rectangular Microstnp Patch antennas. IEEE Transactions on Antenna and Propagation, 1988. 36(10): 1337-1342.
[16]Bcnalla and K.C.Gupta. Multiport network approach for modeling the mutual coupling effects in microstrip patch antennas and arrays. IEEE Transactions on Antenna and Propagation, 1989. 37(2): 148-152.
[17]孙玉发，吴先良．用简化多端口网络模型分析矩形微带贴片天线．合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版)，1998．21(5)：125-130．
[18]孙玉发，沈广鸿．矩形微带贴片天线的简化多端口网络模型．现代雷达，1998．20(4)：54-57．
[19]T.Okoshi, Y.Uehara, T.Takenshi. The Segmentation Method-An Approach to the Analysis of Microwave Planar Circuits. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 1976. (10):662-668.
[20]R.Chadha, K.C.Gupta. Segmentation Method Using Impedance Matrices for Analysis of planar Microwave Circuits. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 1981.29 (1): 71-74.
[21]P.C.S.harma, K.C.Gupta.Segmentation and Desagmentation Techiques for Analysis of Planar Microwave Circuits. IEEE Trans on Antenna and Propagation. Soc. Int. Symp. Digest,1981. (1) :19-22.
[22]G.Kumar and K.C.Gupta. Nonradiationg Edges and Four Edges Gap-Coupled Multiple Resonator Broad-Band Microstrip Antennas. IEEE Transactions on Antenna and Propagation, 1985. 33(2): 173-178.
[23]P.C.Sharma, K.C.Gupta. Desegmentation Method for Analysis of Two-Dimensional Microwave Circuits. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 1981.29 (10): 1094-1097.
[24]P.C.Sharma, K.C.Gupta. Analysis and Opatimized Design of Single Feed Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antennas. IEEE Transactions on Antenna and Propagation, 1983. 31(6):949-955.
[25]G.Kumar and K.C.Gupta. Broad-Band Microstrip Antennas Using Additional Resonators Gap-Coupled to the Radiating Edges. IEEE Transactions on Antenna and Propagation,1984.32(12) :1375-1379.
[26]G.Kumar and K.C.Gupta. Directly Coupled Multiple Resonator Wide-Band Microstrip Antennas. IEEE Transactions on Antenna and Propagation, 1985.33 (6): 588-593.
[27]陈雅娟、龙云亮．小型宽带微带天线的研究进展．系统工程与电子技术，2000．22(7)：20-24．
[28]Pozar D M, Kanfman B. Increasing the bandwidth of a microstrip antenna by proximity coupling. Electronics Letters, 1987. 23(8): 368-369.
[29]Blischke M A, Chen K M, Rothwell E J. Broadband analysis of a single post-fed circular patch antenna. URSI Radio Science Meeting Abstracts, 1989.(6):32.
[30]Newman E H, Pozar D M. Electromagnetic modeling of composite wire and surface geometries. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 1978. 26(6): 784-789.
[31]Fong K S, Puse H F, Withers M J. Wideband multiplayer coaxial-fed microstrip antenna element. Electronics Letters, 1985.21(11): 497-499.
[32]E.Aloni, R. Kastner. Analysis of a Dual Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antenna Fed by Crossed Slots. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 1994.42 (8): 1053-1058.
[33]王宝发，罗远祉．双端口圆极化微带天线．电子学报，1987．15(6)：19-24．
[34]石长生．谈天线隔离度．电子科技导报，1997．(11)：16-18，23．
[35]A. Benalla and K.C.Gupta. Faster Computation of Z-Matrices for Rectangular Segments in Planar Microstrip Circuits. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques,1986. 34(6): 733-736.
[36]钟顺时．微带天线理论与应用．西安：西安电子科技大学出版社，1991．
[37]Cruz E M, Daniel J P. Experimental Analysis of Corner-fed Printed Square Patch Antenna. Electron Lett, 1991.27(16), 1410-1412.
[38]P.S.Hall. Dual-Polarization Antenna Arrays with Sequentially Rotated Feeding. IEE Proceedings-H, 1992. 139 (5): p465-471.
[39]S.C.Gao. S.S.Zhong. Dual-polarized microstrip antenna array with high isolation fed by coplanar network. Microwave and optical technology letters, 1998. (10):20-25.
[40]John Huang. Dual-polarized Mierostrip Array With High Isolation And Low Cross-polarization. Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, 1991.4(3):99-103.
[2]刘庭华，章文勋．双频／双极化微带贴片天线研究进展．现代雷达，1999(5)：91-99．
[3]王效军．双极化天线在移动电话基站中的应用．广西通信技术，1999(3)：25-27．
[4]T.Itoh, W.Menzel. A Full-Wave Analysis Method for Open Microstrip Structures. IEEE Trans AP, 1981.29(1):63-67.
[5]F.Bilotti, C. Vegni. Design of a Dual-polarization Linear Patch Array via Full-Wave Analysis. Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, 1999. 23(5):277-281.
[6]尹家贤等．双极化口径耦合微带天线FDTD分析．微波学报，2001．17(1)：14—17．
[7]杨帆，张雪霞．遗传算法在微带天线优化中的应用．电子学报，2000(9)：91—95．
[8]张钧等．微带天线理论与工程．北京：国防工业出版社，1988．
[9]鲍尔等．微带天线．北京：电子工业出版社，1984．
[10]K.C.Gupta, R. Garg,R.Chadha. Computer-aided Design of Microwave Circuits. Artech House,1981.
[11]P.C.Sharma, K.C.Gupta. Green's Functions for Triangular Segments in Planar Microwave Circuits. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 1980.28(10): 1139-1143.
[12]P.C.Sharma, K.C.Gupta. Green's Functions for Circular Sectors, Annular Rings, and Annular Sectors in Planar Microwave Circuits. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 1981.29(1):68-71.
[13]T.Okoshi, T.Miyoshi. The Planar Circuit-An Approach to Microwave Integrated Circuitry.IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 1972.20 (4): 245-252.
[14]K.C.Gupta. Multiport Network Modeling Approach for Computer-Aided Design of Microstrip Patches and Arrarys. IEEE Trans on Antenna and Propagation. Soc. Int. Symp. Digest, 1987. (1) :786-789.
[15]Abdelaziz Benalla and KC.Gupta. Multiport Network Model and Transmission Characteristics of Two-Port Rectangular Microstnp Patch antennas. IEEE Transactions on Antenna and Propagation, 1988. 36(10): 1337-1342.
[16]Bcnalla and K.C.Gupta. Multiport network approach for modeling the mutual coupling effects in microstrip patch antennas and arrays. IEEE Transactions on Antenna and Propagation, 1989. 37(2): 148-152.
[17]孙玉发，吴先良．用简化多端口网络模型分析矩形微带贴片天线．合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版)，1998．21(5)：125-130．
[18]孙玉发，沈广鸿．矩形微带贴片天线的简化多端口网络模型．现代雷达，1998．20(4)：54-57．
[19]T.Okoshi, Y.Uehara, T.Takenshi. The Segmentation Method-An Approach to the Analysis of Microwave Planar Circuits. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 1976. (10):662-668.
[20]R.Chadha, K.C.Gupta. Segmentation Method Using Impedance Matrices for Analysis of planar Microwave Circuits. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 1981.29 (1): 71-74.
[21]P.C.S.harma, K.C.Gupta.Segmentation and Desagmentation Techiques for Analysis of Planar Microwave Circuits. IEEE Trans on Antenna and Propagation. Soc. Int. Symp. Digest,1981. (1) :19-22.
[22]G.Kumar and K.C.Gupta. Nonradiationg Edges and Four Edges Gap-Coupled Multiple Resonator Broad-Band Microstrip Antennas. IEEE Transactions on Antenna and Propagation, 1985. 33(2): 173-178.
[23]P.C.Sharma, K.C.Gupta. Desegmentation Method for Analysis of Two-Dimensional Microwave Circuits. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 1981.29 (10): 1094-1097.
[24]P.C.Sharma, K.C.Gupta. Analysis and Opatimized Design of Single Feed Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antennas. IEEE Transactions on Antenna and Propagation, 1983. 31(6):949-955.
[25]G.Kumar and K.C.Gupta. Broad-Band Microstrip Antennas Using Additional Resonators Gap-Coupled to the Radiating Edges. IEEE Transactions on Antenna and Propagation,1984.32(12) :1375-1379.
[26]G.Kumar and K.C.Gupta. Directly Coupled Multiple Resonator Wide-Band Microstrip Antennas. IEEE Transactions on Antenna and Propagation, 1985.33 (6): 588-593.
[27]陈雅娟、龙云亮．小型宽带微带天线的研究进展．系统工程与电子技术，2000．22(7)：20-24．
[28]Pozar D M, Kanfman B. Increasing the bandwidth of a microstrip antenna by proximity coupling. Electronics Letters, 1987. 23(8): 368-369.
[29]Blischke M A, Chen K M, Rothwell E J. Broadband analysis of a single post-fed circular patch antenna. URSI Radio Science Meeting Abstracts, 1989.(6):32.
[30]Newman E H, Pozar D M. Electromagnetic modeling of composite wire and surface geometries. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 1978. 26(6): 784-789.
[31]Fong K S, Puse H F, Withers M J. Wideband multiplayer coaxial-fed microstrip antenna element. Electronics Letters, 1985.21(11): 497-499.
[32]E.Aloni, R. Kastner. Analysis of a Dual Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antenna Fed by Crossed Slots. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 1994.42 (8): 1053-1058.
[33]王宝发，罗远祉．双端口圆极化微带天线．电子学报，1987．15(6)：19-24．
[34]石长生．谈天线隔离度．电子科技导报，1997．(11)：16-18，23．
[35]A. Benalla and K.C.Gupta. Faster Computation of Z-Matrices for Rectangular Segments in Planar Microstrip Circuits. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques,1986. 34(6): 733-736.
[36]钟顺时．微带天线理论与应用．西安：西安电子科技大学出版社，1991．
[37]Cruz E M, Daniel J P. Experimental Analysis of Corner-fed Printed Square Patch Antenna. Electron Lett, 1991.27(16), 1410-1412.
[38]P.S.Hall. Dual-Polarization Antenna Arrays with Sequentially Rotated Feeding. IEE Proceedings-H, 1992. 139 (5): p465-471.
[39]S.C.Gao. S.S.Zhong. Dual-polarized microstrip antenna array with high isolation fed by coplanar network. Microwave and optical technology letters, 1998. (10):20-25.
[40]John Huang. Dual-polarized Mierostrip Array With High Isolation And Low Cross-polarization. Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, 1991.4(3):99-103.