三维曲面磁性研磨数控加工编程系统研究
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摘要
数控是使用数字化的信息实现对机床控制的一种技术，是现代制造技术中最关键的环节之一。而磁性研磨光整加工技术，以其磨料磁刷柔性好、自适应性强、自锐性好等突出的加工特点，使自由曲面的磁性研磨数控加工成为可能，是最具潜力实现抛光自动化的光整加工方法。为了解决复杂曲面光整加工自动化这一难题，本文通过理论分析、编程和实验，对三维曲面磁性研磨的数控加工编程系统进行了深入研究和分析。
首先，进行了基础理论探讨。包括数控插补方法、曲面的三维造型以及数控加工的关键技术，从而为本课题的研究奠定了理论基础，由此确立了三维曲面磁性研磨的数控加工编程系统。
该系统由粗加工工艺、精加工工艺及数控编程软件等三部分组成。粗、精加工工艺探讨了在曲面加工过程中有关工艺参数的计算及确定，为编程软件参数化、交互式运行提供了理论依据。
系统应用C++及VBA语言开发了曲面数控加工编程软件，达到了磁性研磨数字化控制进行加工的效果。该软件运行可靠，使用方便，具有一定的实际应用价值，为复杂曲面光整加工最终摆脱手工方式实现自动化迈出了关键性的一步。
NC is a technology using digital information to realize the control of machine tool, is one of the most crucial I ink in modern product technology. It is magnetic abrasive finishing technique,so as its we I I fI exibiIity , seIf-adaptabiIity and the characteristic of shapeness by itself etc. ,makes free curved surface magnetic abrasive processing of numerical control become possible, is the processing method that has the most potent i a I to rea I i ze f i n i sh i ng automat i on. To so I ve the baf f I i ng problem on the curved surface finishing processing automat ion,the paper studies and analyses deeply the NC programming system of magnetic abrasive on three-dimensional .through theoretical ana Iysis, programming and experiment.
First, the basic theories have been probed into.These i nc I ude NC i nterpol at ion methods, three-d imens iona I mode I i ng of curved surface as well as the key technology about NC processing. Which offer theory bases for the subject to study. According to that, the NC programming system of magnetic abrasive on three-dimensinal is set up.
The system consists of three parts which are rough machining
technique, finishing technique and NG programming software etc..The techn i que of rough and f i n i sh mach i n i ng d i scusses the calculation and determination concerning technique parameters in the curved surface processing and offeres theory reference for the operation of programming soft which is realized in parameter and interactive mode.
On the foundation above , using C++ and VBA(Visual Basic for Application), the system has developed the NC programming software about three-dimensinal curved surface machining.The software has reached the effect of using digitlization to control the process of magnetic abrasive finishing and can be credible running , easy usage and has certain practical value. The system walks out a key step for the finishing process on complex curved surface gett i ng r id of handwork way and real i zing automatic machining method eventually.
首先，进行了基础理论探讨。包括数控插补方法、曲面的三维造型以及数控加工的关键技术，从而为本课题的研究奠定了理论基础，由此确立了三维曲面磁性研磨的数控加工编程系统。
该系统由粗加工工艺、精加工工艺及数控编程软件等三部分组成。粗、精加工工艺探讨了在曲面加工过程中有关工艺参数的计算及确定，为编程软件参数化、交互式运行提供了理论依据。
系统应用C++及VBA语言开发了曲面数控加工编程软件，达到了磁性研磨数字化控制进行加工的效果。该软件运行可靠，使用方便，具有一定的实际应用价值，为复杂曲面光整加工最终摆脱手工方式实现自动化迈出了关键性的一步。
NC is a technology using digital information to realize the control of machine tool, is one of the most crucial I ink in modern product technology. It is magnetic abrasive finishing technique,so as its we I I fI exibiIity , seIf-adaptabiIity and the characteristic of shapeness by itself etc. ,makes free curved surface magnetic abrasive processing of numerical control become possible, is the processing method that has the most potent i a I to rea I i ze f i n i sh i ng automat i on. To so I ve the baf f I i ng problem on the curved surface finishing processing automat ion,the paper studies and analyses deeply the NC programming system of magnetic abrasive on three-dimensional .through theoretical ana Iysis, programming and experiment.
First, the basic theories have been probed into.These i nc I ude NC i nterpol at ion methods, three-d imens iona I mode I i ng of curved surface as well as the key technology about NC processing. Which offer theory bases for the subject to study. According to that, the NC programming system of magnetic abrasive on three-dimensinal is set up.
The system consists of three parts which are rough machining
technique, finishing technique and NG programming software etc..The techn i que of rough and f i n i sh mach i n i ng d i scusses the calculation and determination concerning technique parameters in the curved surface processing and offeres theory reference for the operation of programming soft which is realized in parameter and interactive mode.
On the foundation above , using C++ and VBA(Visual Basic for Application), the system has developed the NC programming software about three-dimensinal curved surface machining.The software has reached the effect of using digitlization to control the process of magnetic abrasive finishing and can be credible running , easy usage and has certain practical value. The system walks out a key step for the finishing process on complex curved surface gett i ng r id of handwork way and real i zing automatic machining method eventually.
引文
1．李华，机械制造技术，机械工业出版社，1997
2．毕承恩，现代数控机床，机械工业出版社，1991
3．李文斌，霍亮生，杨树莲，数控技术及应用，煤炭工业出版社，2000
4．卓迪仕，数控技术及其应用，国防工业出版社，1997
5．王永章，机床的数控技术，哈尔滨工业大学出版社，1995
6. IMTS'99 review. ManufacturingEngineering, vol. 105,NO.2,1999
7．刘新龙，数控加工中的图形交互自动编程系统，机床与液压，2001．5
8．程肖冰，强永磁材料平面磁极头的开发及其实验分析，太原理工大学硕士学位论文，2002
9. R.K.Jain, Abrasive Fine Finishing Processes-A Review, The International Journal for Manufacturing Science & Production, Vol.2, No.1, 1999
10．李恩林，插补原理，机械工业出版社，1984
11．李福生，实用数控技术手册，北京出版社
12．苏爱林，张春雷，赵学峰，椭圆插补的新方法——映射法，四川联合大学学报(工程科学版)，1999．1
13．游有鹏，改进最小偏差法——一种高精度快速插补算法，机械工业出版社，1995．3
14．谢明红，肖本贤，非圆二次曲线通用插补算法，制造技术与机床，1996．10
15. David Gibbs etc, An Introduction to CNC Machining and Progamming, Modern Machine Shop, 1993.7
16．朱国力，段正澄，黄胜，基于圆心角分割的椭圆插补算法研究，机械工业自动化，1996．3
17．孙家广，杨长贵，计算机图形学，清华大学出版社，1995
18．周艳红，周云飞，周济，CNC系统中曲面交线加工刀具轨迹直接插补，自动化学报，1996．9
19. Chih-ChingLo, A new approach to CNC tool path generation, Computer-Aided Design, 1998. 28(8)
20．周济，周艳红，数控加工技术，国防工业出版社，2002
21. Lin, R. S. and Koren, Y. Efficient tool-path planning for machining free-form surface. ASME Journal of Engineering for Industry, 1996; 11: 20-28
22．李剑，王文，谢金，数控加工中自由曲面干涉区域求取算法的研究，组合机床与自动化加工技术，2001．9
23．周凯，陆启建，数控机床柔性加减速控制，组合机床与自动化技术，1999．5
24．任秉银，唐余勇，数控加工中的几何建模理论及其应用，哈尔滨工业大学出版社，2000
25. Suresh, K and Yang, D.C.H, Constant scallop-height maching of free-form surfaces. ASM Journal of Engineering for Industry, 1994; 12: 253-259
26. Chen Y D, Ni J, Wu S M. Real-time CNC tool path generation for machining IGES surfaces. Trans. of the ASME, Journal of Engineering for Industry, 1993; 11: 57-64
27. Bobrow T E. NC machine tool path generation from CSG part representations. Computer-Aided Design, 1995, 17(2): 69-76
28．陈红玲，磁性研磨磨粒的磨削机理研究，太原理工大学学报，2000．9
29．王翔，磁性研磨加工机理研究，电加工，1996．3
30. Shinmura T, Takazawa K, Hatano E. Study on magnetic abrasive finishing, Annal of the CIRP 1990; 39: 325-328.
31. Fox M, Agrawal K, Shinmura T, Komanduri R. Magmetic abrasive finishing of rollers, Annals of the CIRP, 1994; 43: 181-184.
32．郭燕莹，磁性研磨的加工特性，太原工业大学学报，1997．4
33. Williams RE, Rajurkar KP. Metal removal and surface finish characteristics in abrasive flow machining, in: Mechamics of Deburring and surface Finishing Processes, Vol.38, ASME, PED, New York, 1989; 93-106
34．徐志峰，磁极表面场强对磁力研磨效果影响的研究，电加工与模具，2000．3
35．杨世春，汪鸣铮，张银喜，表面质量与光整技术，2000．2
36．吴竹溪，谢友宝，数控加工中图形自动编程系统研究，组合机床与自动化加工技术，2002．4
2．毕承恩，现代数控机床，机械工业出版社，1991
3．李文斌，霍亮生，杨树莲，数控技术及应用，煤炭工业出版社，2000
4．卓迪仕，数控技术及其应用，国防工业出版社，1997
5．王永章，机床的数控技术，哈尔滨工业大学出版社，1995
6. IMTS'99 review. ManufacturingEngineering, vol. 105,NO.2,1999
7．刘新龙，数控加工中的图形交互自动编程系统，机床与液压，2001．5
8．程肖冰，强永磁材料平面磁极头的开发及其实验分析，太原理工大学硕士学位论文，2002
9. R.K.Jain, Abrasive Fine Finishing Processes-A Review, The International Journal for Manufacturing Science & Production, Vol.2, No.1, 1999
10．李恩林，插补原理，机械工业出版社，1984
11．李福生，实用数控技术手册，北京出版社
12．苏爱林，张春雷，赵学峰，椭圆插补的新方法——映射法，四川联合大学学报(工程科学版)，1999．1
13．游有鹏，改进最小偏差法——一种高精度快速插补算法，机械工业出版社，1995．3
14．谢明红，肖本贤，非圆二次曲线通用插补算法，制造技术与机床，1996．10
15. David Gibbs etc, An Introduction to CNC Machining and Progamming, Modern Machine Shop, 1993.7
16．朱国力，段正澄，黄胜，基于圆心角分割的椭圆插补算法研究，机械工业自动化，1996．3
17．孙家广，杨长贵，计算机图形学，清华大学出版社，1995
18．周艳红，周云飞，周济，CNC系统中曲面交线加工刀具轨迹直接插补，自动化学报，1996．9
19. Chih-ChingLo, A new approach to CNC tool path generation, Computer-Aided Design, 1998. 28(8)
20．周济，周艳红，数控加工技术，国防工业出版社，2002
21. Lin, R. S. and Koren, Y. Efficient tool-path planning for machining free-form surface. ASME Journal of Engineering for Industry, 1996; 11: 20-28
22．李剑，王文，谢金，数控加工中自由曲面干涉区域求取算法的研究，组合机床与自动化加工技术，2001．9
23．周凯，陆启建，数控机床柔性加减速控制，组合机床与自动化技术，1999．5
24．任秉银，唐余勇，数控加工中的几何建模理论及其应用，哈尔滨工业大学出版社，2000
25. Suresh, K and Yang, D.C.H, Constant scallop-height maching of free-form surfaces. ASM Journal of Engineering for Industry, 1994; 12: 253-259
26. Chen Y D, Ni J, Wu S M. Real-time CNC tool path generation for machining IGES surfaces. Trans. of the ASME, Journal of Engineering for Industry, 1993; 11: 57-64
27. Bobrow T E. NC machine tool path generation from CSG part representations. Computer-Aided Design, 1995, 17(2): 69-76
28．陈红玲，磁性研磨磨粒的磨削机理研究，太原理工大学学报，2000．9
29．王翔，磁性研磨加工机理研究，电加工，1996．3
30. Shinmura T, Takazawa K, Hatano E. Study on magnetic abrasive finishing, Annal of the CIRP 1990; 39: 325-328.
31. Fox M, Agrawal K, Shinmura T, Komanduri R. Magmetic abrasive finishing of rollers, Annals of the CIRP, 1994; 43: 181-184.
32．郭燕莹，磁性研磨的加工特性，太原工业大学学报，1997．4
33. Williams RE, Rajurkar KP. Metal removal and surface finish characteristics in abrasive flow machining, in: Mechamics of Deburring and surface Finishing Processes, Vol.38, ASME, PED, New York, 1989; 93-106
34．徐志峰，磁极表面场强对磁力研磨效果影响的研究，电加工与模具，2000．3
35．杨世春，汪鸣铮，张银喜，表面质量与光整技术，2000．2
36．吴竹溪，谢友宝，数控加工中图形自动编程系统研究，组合机床与自动化加工技术，2002．4