飞秒激光与大气、玻璃以及晶体相互作用若干现象的研究
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摘要
飞秒激光技术推动了强场物理、材料物理等相关学科的迅猛发展。它的超高、超强特性以及极高的时间分辨特性为进一步研究物质世界提供了新的方法。飞秒激光与物质相互作用发现了许多有趣的现象。这些领域具有巨大的应用前景，受到了学术界的高度重视。
本文开展的主要工作以及得到的结论概括如下：
第一部分：飞秒激光与大气的相互作用。
1) 研究了飞秒激光在大气中的传输特性。数值模拟结果表明在低功率入射、大气没有被电离的情况下，随着传输距离或入射功率的增加，频谱逐渐展宽。这对超连续谱的产生和应用具有重要的理论指导意义。
2) 探讨了圆锥辐射角随着波长的变化关系。理论分析表明离泵浦波长越远的新生波长发散角越大。结合自相位调制和衍射公式解释了这一圆锥辐射现象。根据这一理论，可以构建丝截面上的光强分布，它也将变成测量丝强度剖面的方法。
第二部分：飞秒激光与硼酸盐和钛酸盐的相互作用。
1) 高重复率的飞秒激光与硼酸盐玻璃的相互作用
1．用晶体生长的基元理论解释了飞秒激光辐照硼酸盐玻璃后结构的变化。在玻璃无规则网络结构中，存在着与晶体中相同或者相近的基团。激光辐照后，在飞秒激光场引起的高温高压下，硼酸盐玻璃的网络结构被破坏，价键发生断裂，生长基元遵循能量最低的原理进行微结构的重排，形成了β-BaB_2O_4晶体。
2．用共焦显微喇曼的mapping，研究了飞秒激光辐照硼酸盐玻
In this thesis, the development state of the femtosecond laser and the applications in fields as its high time resolution was reviewed. Its development remarkably stimulated the intense field physics and material science.Because of its ultra-high intensity, it leads to many interesting phenomena when it passes through in air and other materials, such as bprate and titanate glass. The general comprehension of this characteristics of such a new source will provide theorectical instruction and technological support for the farther researchers and applications of this techique.
The main contents and conclusions of this thesis are described as following: Part one: interaction between femtosecond laser pulses and air, including following subparts.
1) Self-phase modulation is the process that initiate the continuum generation. In all cases, the spectral width increase with both length and input peak power. Clearly, these results are important both for supercontinuum generation and for integration of the source into real application.
2) Using self phase modulation, we interpret the wavelength dependence of the divergence of the white continuum.
Part two: interaction between femtosecond laser pulses and borate and
titanate glasses, including following subparts. 1) interaction between femtosecond laser pulses and borate glasses
1. Various kinds of the mircostructural changes induced inside the transparent glasses by the femtosecond pulse laser, were introduced in detail, especially these changes would become the novel methods obtaining the new function materials, and are promising for
本文开展的主要工作以及得到的结论概括如下：
第一部分：飞秒激光与大气的相互作用。
1) 研究了飞秒激光在大气中的传输特性。数值模拟结果表明在低功率入射、大气没有被电离的情况下，随着传输距离或入射功率的增加，频谱逐渐展宽。这对超连续谱的产生和应用具有重要的理论指导意义。
2) 探讨了圆锥辐射角随着波长的变化关系。理论分析表明离泵浦波长越远的新生波长发散角越大。结合自相位调制和衍射公式解释了这一圆锥辐射现象。根据这一理论，可以构建丝截面上的光强分布，它也将变成测量丝强度剖面的方法。
第二部分：飞秒激光与硼酸盐和钛酸盐的相互作用。
1) 高重复率的飞秒激光与硼酸盐玻璃的相互作用
1．用晶体生长的基元理论解释了飞秒激光辐照硼酸盐玻璃后结构的变化。在玻璃无规则网络结构中，存在着与晶体中相同或者相近的基团。激光辐照后，在飞秒激光场引起的高温高压下，硼酸盐玻璃的网络结构被破坏，价键发生断裂，生长基元遵循能量最低的原理进行微结构的重排，形成了β-BaB_2O_4晶体。
2．用共焦显微喇曼的mapping，研究了飞秒激光辐照硼酸盐玻
In this thesis, the development state of the femtosecond laser and the applications in fields as its high time resolution was reviewed. Its development remarkably stimulated the intense field physics and material science.Because of its ultra-high intensity, it leads to many interesting phenomena when it passes through in air and other materials, such as bprate and titanate glass. The general comprehension of this characteristics of such a new source will provide theorectical instruction and technological support for the farther researchers and applications of this techique.
The main contents and conclusions of this thesis are described as following: Part one: interaction between femtosecond laser pulses and air, including following subparts.
1) Self-phase modulation is the process that initiate the continuum generation. In all cases, the spectral width increase with both length and input peak power. Clearly, these results are important both for supercontinuum generation and for integration of the source into real application.
2) Using self phase modulation, we interpret the wavelength dependence of the divergence of the white continuum.
Part two: interaction between femtosecond laser pulses and borate and
titanate glasses, including following subparts. 1) interaction between femtosecond laser pulses and borate glasses
1. Various kinds of the mircostructural changes induced inside the transparent glasses by the femtosecond pulse laser, were introduced in detail, especially these changes would become the novel methods obtaining the new function materials, and are promising for
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