基于冲突管理理论的城市房屋拆迁补偿研究
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摘要
城市房屋拆迁问题是我国工业化、城市化加速发展所引发矛盾的集中体现,涉及到政府、拆迁商、拆迁实施单位、被拆迁人等多元利益。如何建立适应社会主义市场经济发展的要求,维护广大群众利益、有利于城市经济发展和社会稳定的拆迁补偿制度,是一个迫切需要解决的理论和现实问题。本文主要从以下几个方面探讨城市房屋拆迁补偿利益冲突问题:
首先,本文从城市房屋拆迁补偿基本理论的研究入手,介绍了博弈论、产权理论、制度变迁理论、利益相关者理论和当代中国和谐社会理论。以此为基础,分析了城市房屋拆迁补偿的理论依据、概念、特征、基本原则、标准、方法和存在问题,探讨了城市房屋拆迁补偿利益冲突的根源。
其次,从城市房屋拆迁补偿制度中补偿对象入手,研究了拆迁补偿利益相关者行为及相互关系,提出了拆迁利益相关者行为的经济学判断,同时重点进行了政府与被拆迁人,政府与拆迁商,政府、被拆迁人、拆迁商、拆迁实施单位四方的拆迁行为博弈分析。
以冲突管理理论为基础,从定性、定量、宏观社会环境等角度研究了城市房屋拆迁补偿的利益相关者之间的利益冲突,并对这种利益冲突的成因做了分析。为协调各利益相关者的利益冲突,从政策、制度、观念和经济四个方面初步建立了基于市场化模式、能动态适应城市建设发展要求的合理、公平、高效的利益冲突调整机制。
再次,针对城市房屋拆迁补偿普遍存在的问题,结合拆迁补偿关键利益相关者博弈分析和利益相关者的冲突管理研究的结论,提出了解决城市房屋拆迁补偿中利益冲突的政策建议与保障措施:建立合理的拆迁补偿安置制度;建立有效实施机制,加强拆迁执法监督;建立和完善拆迁法规体系;保护拆迁弱势群体——被拆迁人。
最后,结合理论研究成果从正反两个角度进行了应用和实例论证,该分析过程对其他类似项目具有一定借鉴意义。
Housing removal question is the centre manifestation of contradictory between industrialization and the accelerates developing urbanization,the government,relocation business, the demolisher,the demolished and the relocation implementation unit is involved,How to establish the demolition of compensation of urban houses is a realistic question which urgent needs to solve,to adapt the development of socialist market economy,maintains the general benefits and the social stability.This article mainly discusses the problem of demolition of compensation of urban houses from following several aspects.
First,this article proceed studying the elementary theory from demolition of compensation of urban houses,the game theory、the property right theory、the system vicissitude theory、the benefit correlation theory and the harmonious society theory of China are introduced.Take this as the foundation,the theory basis on demolition of compensation of urban houses,the concept,the characteristic,basic principle, standard,method and existence question are analyzed,the basis on demolition of compensation of urban houses is also discussed.
Next,this article proceed studying the compensation object,the correlation benefit behavior and its reciprocity are studied,the economic judgement on the correlation benefits behavior is also proposed,Simultaneously carried on the game of the government,relocation business,the demolishe, the demolished and the relocation implementation unit.
Taking the conflicts management theory as the foundation, this artic studied benefit conflict between the correlation benefits from the angle of qualitative,quota and the macro social environment,And the origin of this kind of benefit conflict is analyzed.The fair,highly effective adjustment mechanism is initially established to coordinate various benefits correlation in benefit conflict from the policy,the system,the idea and the economical,which based on the market pattern,adapt the development and the request of urban construction.
Once more,in view of the universal existence problem in housing removal,combination with the gamblinganalysis of the essential correlation benefit and the research conclusion of conflict management in benefit correlation,the suggestion and the safeguard measure to solve the demolition of compensation of urban houses are proposed.That is establishing the reasonable system of compensation,establishing the effective implementation mechanism,,Strengthening the surveillance of enforcing relocation law,Establishing and perfecting the relocation laws and regulations system,Protecting the relocation—vulnerable groups.
Finally,the application and examples of proof are provided combining theoretical research results from both the positive and negative aspects,The analysis process has a certain reference for other similar projects.
首先,本文从城市房屋拆迁补偿基本理论的研究入手,介绍了博弈论、产权理论、制度变迁理论、利益相关者理论和当代中国和谐社会理论。以此为基础,分析了城市房屋拆迁补偿的理论依据、概念、特征、基本原则、标准、方法和存在问题,探讨了城市房屋拆迁补偿利益冲突的根源。
其次,从城市房屋拆迁补偿制度中补偿对象入手,研究了拆迁补偿利益相关者行为及相互关系,提出了拆迁利益相关者行为的经济学判断,同时重点进行了政府与被拆迁人,政府与拆迁商,政府、被拆迁人、拆迁商、拆迁实施单位四方的拆迁行为博弈分析。
以冲突管理理论为基础,从定性、定量、宏观社会环境等角度研究了城市房屋拆迁补偿的利益相关者之间的利益冲突,并对这种利益冲突的成因做了分析。为协调各利益相关者的利益冲突,从政策、制度、观念和经济四个方面初步建立了基于市场化模式、能动态适应城市建设发展要求的合理、公平、高效的利益冲突调整机制。
再次,针对城市房屋拆迁补偿普遍存在的问题,结合拆迁补偿关键利益相关者博弈分析和利益相关者的冲突管理研究的结论,提出了解决城市房屋拆迁补偿中利益冲突的政策建议与保障措施:建立合理的拆迁补偿安置制度;建立有效实施机制,加强拆迁执法监督;建立和完善拆迁法规体系;保护拆迁弱势群体——被拆迁人。
最后,结合理论研究成果从正反两个角度进行了应用和实例论证,该分析过程对其他类似项目具有一定借鉴意义。
Housing removal question is the centre manifestation of contradictory between industrialization and the accelerates developing urbanization,the government,relocation business, the demolisher,the demolished and the relocation implementation unit is involved,How to establish the demolition of compensation of urban houses is a realistic question which urgent needs to solve,to adapt the development of socialist market economy,maintains the general benefits and the social stability.This article mainly discusses the problem of demolition of compensation of urban houses from following several aspects.
First,this article proceed studying the elementary theory from demolition of compensation of urban houses,the game theory、the property right theory、the system vicissitude theory、the benefit correlation theory and the harmonious society theory of China are introduced.Take this as the foundation,the theory basis on demolition of compensation of urban houses,the concept,the characteristic,basic principle, standard,method and existence question are analyzed,the basis on demolition of compensation of urban houses is also discussed.
Next,this article proceed studying the compensation object,the correlation benefit behavior and its reciprocity are studied,the economic judgement on the correlation benefits behavior is also proposed,Simultaneously carried on the game of the government,relocation business,the demolishe, the demolished and the relocation implementation unit.
Taking the conflicts management theory as the foundation, this artic studied benefit conflict between the correlation benefits from the angle of qualitative,quota and the macro social environment,And the origin of this kind of benefit conflict is analyzed.The fair,highly effective adjustment mechanism is initially established to coordinate various benefits correlation in benefit conflict from the policy,the system,the idea and the economical,which based on the market pattern,adapt the development and the request of urban construction.
Once more,in view of the universal existence problem in housing removal,combination with the gamblinganalysis of the essential correlation benefit and the research conclusion of conflict management in benefit correlation,the suggestion and the safeguard measure to solve the demolition of compensation of urban houses are proposed.That is establishing the reasonable system of compensation,establishing the effective implementation mechanism,,Strengthening the surveillance of enforcing relocation law,Establishing and perfecting the relocation laws and regulations system,Protecting the relocation—vulnerable groups.
Finally,the application and examples of proof are provided combining theoretical research results from both the positive and negative aspects,The analysis process has a certain reference for other similar projects.
引文
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[2]路遇,论中国城市化战略与经济发展[J].人口与经济,2004(5):29-33
[3]刘荔娟.项目管理概论[M].上海:上海出版社,1990
[4]赵宗博.略论我国的城市化进程[J],中国西部科技,2004(4):158-162
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[6]汪晖,陈燕谷.文化与公共性[M].上海:三联书店,1998
[7]夏勇.人权概念起源[M],北京:中国政法大学出版社,1999
[8]罗豪才.现代行政法的平衡理论[M],北京:北京大学出版社,2003
[9]吕成友等.当前土地集体信访的原因与对策[J].南京土地,2000(4):210-215
[10]刘田.征地问题沉思录[J].中国土地,2002(8):15-18
[11]龙翼飞,杨一介.土地征收初论[J],法学家,2000(6):22-26
[12]陈泉生.论土地征用补偿[J].福建土地研究,1994(12):99-104
[13]张洪.农地征购:中国城镇土地使用制度改革的新焦点[J].云南财贸学院学报,2006(6):39-45
[14]黄小铁.征地制度改革的经济学思考[J].中国土地,2002(8):22-24
[15]周小林.征地工作中若干问题的思考[J].中国土地科学,2001(2):38-41
[16]鲍海君,吴次芳.关于征地补偿问题探讨[J].价格理论与实践,2002(6):28-30
[17]曲波.农地征地补偿中安置补助费的确定[J].农业技术经济,2001(3):102-105
[18]吴刚.将被征地农民纳入城镇社会保障体系的思考与研究[J].国土资源.2002(1):43-45
[19]Brussaard W,Groddman MR.Agrarian land law in the western world:some reflection[M].Agrarian land law in the western world,1992(5),20-27
[20]Thone KF,F Becher.Land expropriation and soil management:tools to development rural areas[J].Agrarrecht.1999(29):8,1-16
[21]彭贤伟.中国农村集体土地征用补偿法律问题研究[J].贵州房地,2005(2):87-95
[22]马克思恩格斯全集:第2卷[M].北京:人民出版社,1993:82,537
[23][美]庞德.通过法律的社会控制——法律的任务[M].北京:商务印务馆,1984:81-82
[24]马克思.资本论(第三卷).第一版[M].北京:人民出版社,1975
[25]毕宝德.土地经济学[M].北京:中国人民出版社,1993:340
[26]方泽平.防止土地安置补助费重复计算[J].中国土地,2000(7):40-41
[27]谢识予.经济博弈论[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,2002
[28]鲍海君,吴次芳.关于征地补偿问题的探讨[J].价格理论与实践,2002(6):28-36
[29]Michael M.Cernea.Putting People First-Sociological Variables in Rural Development[M].Oxford University,1991
[30]朱国恺,施国庆.城市建设征地和拆迁中的利益关系分析[J].中国农村研究,2004(9):22
[31]刘燕萍.征地制度创新与合理补偿标准的确定[J].中国土地,2002(2):7-15
[32]秦虹.市政公用事业改革为城市发展注入活力[J].城市发展研究.2003(1)
[33]K.J.巴顿.城市经济学-理论和政策[M].北京:商务出印书馆,1984
[34]Jennifer Rietbergen-McCracken.Participation arid Social Assessment:Tools and Technique[M].World Bank,1998
[35]Jacques Chevalier.Stakeholder Analysis and Natural Resource Management[J.Carleton University,2001(7):412-422
[36]李珍贵.美国土地征用制度[J].中国土地,2004(11):42-44
[37]宋国明.境外土地征用赔偿制度概览[J].国土资源,2003(3):19-23
[38]孔众,孔祥健.政府在房地产拆迁中的定位[J].南京财经,2004(10):15-25
[39]柴强.房地产估价理论与方法[M].北京:中国物价出版社,2001
[40]廖俊平.房地产估价规范研究与阐释[M].广州:广东经济出版社,2000
[41]杨劲松.探讨城市房屋拆迁补偿估价的操作模式[J].中国房地产估价师,2004(3):107-114
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