大型火电再热机组性能计算模型研究
|
摘要
论文主要致力于火电站大型再热机组性能在线监测算法模型的研究,主要包括以下几个方面的内容:
1.性能监测常规算法介绍。系统地介绍具有实时数据库平台的机组性能在线监测系统中所需要的一些适合实时计算的常规模型,包括数据预处理模型、锅炉算法模型、汽轮机算法模型以及辅机单耗算法模型。
2.热力系统性能计算方法研究。本文提出了热力系统能效分布矩阵方程,热力系统能效分布矩阵方程是在常规热平衡法、q ?γ?τ矩阵形式和等效焓降等基础上提出的。能效分布矩阵方程中的每个矩阵物理意义明确、规律性强,可以使热力系统的整体计算和局部分析变得更加清晰、简单、客观。算例表明,能效分布矩阵模型具有物理意义明确、数学描述简洁、便于并行计算等特点。
3.基于BP神经网络的汽轮机排汽焓计算方法的研究。汽轮机排汽点处于湿蒸汽区,由于现场缺乏蒸汽湿度的测量手段,排汽焓值难以直接确定,其计算取值一直是火电机组热力系统热经济性在线分析诊断的难点之一。影响排汽焓的因素很多,它们与排汽焓之间属于典型的非线性关系。本文利用BP神经网络良好的非线性映射能力,以平圩N600-165/535/535机组为例,介绍了应用BP神经网络建立汽轮机排汽焓计算模型的方法。
Models of on-line performance monitoring arithmetic in reheating units are researched in the thesis. The main contents and achievements of the thesis are as follows:
1. Introduction of general algorithm models in on-line performance monitoring system. Such as data pre-handling models, boiler arithmetic models, turbine arithmetic models, auxiliaries arithmetic models, etc.
2. Research on performance calculating for thermal system. The power-efficiency distributing matrix equation for thermal system is developed in this thesis, which is developed on the basis of conventional thermodynamic methods, q ?γ?τmatrix and equivalent enthalpy drop. Each matrix of the power-efficiency distributing matrix equation has a explicit physical sense and strong regular form, which makes it simple, clear, objective for global calculation and local analysis in thermal system. Samples show that the power-efficiency distributing matrix model has the characteristic of clear physical meaning, sententious mathematic description and convenient to parallel calculation.
3. Research on calculating enthalpy of the exhaust steam released by turbine with BP neural network. The steam released by turbine is in the wet steam area, so its enthalpy is hard to fix for the lack of means to measure the steam humidity in the local area. Its calculation has always been one of the difficulties of on-line analysis and diagnosis of the thermal economy for thermal power generation units. Many factors determine the exhaust steam enthalpy, which have typical nonlinear relationship with the exhaust steam enthalpy. Considering the better nonlinear mapping ability of BP neural network, the method of establishing the model to calculate the exhaust steam enthalpy with BP neural network is introduced in this thesis, which takes Ping Wei N600-165/535/535 units as an example.
1.性能监测常规算法介绍。系统地介绍具有实时数据库平台的机组性能在线监测系统中所需要的一些适合实时计算的常规模型,包括数据预处理模型、锅炉算法模型、汽轮机算法模型以及辅机单耗算法模型。
2.热力系统性能计算方法研究。本文提出了热力系统能效分布矩阵方程,热力系统能效分布矩阵方程是在常规热平衡法、q ?γ?τ矩阵形式和等效焓降等基础上提出的。能效分布矩阵方程中的每个矩阵物理意义明确、规律性强,可以使热力系统的整体计算和局部分析变得更加清晰、简单、客观。算例表明,能效分布矩阵模型具有物理意义明确、数学描述简洁、便于并行计算等特点。
3.基于BP神经网络的汽轮机排汽焓计算方法的研究。汽轮机排汽点处于湿蒸汽区,由于现场缺乏蒸汽湿度的测量手段,排汽焓值难以直接确定,其计算取值一直是火电机组热力系统热经济性在线分析诊断的难点之一。影响排汽焓的因素很多,它们与排汽焓之间属于典型的非线性关系。本文利用BP神经网络良好的非线性映射能力,以平圩N600-165/535/535机组为例,介绍了应用BP神经网络建立汽轮机排汽焓计算模型的方法。
Models of on-line performance monitoring arithmetic in reheating units are researched in the thesis. The main contents and achievements of the thesis are as follows:
1. Introduction of general algorithm models in on-line performance monitoring system. Such as data pre-handling models, boiler arithmetic models, turbine arithmetic models, auxiliaries arithmetic models, etc.
2. Research on performance calculating for thermal system. The power-efficiency distributing matrix equation for thermal system is developed in this thesis, which is developed on the basis of conventional thermodynamic methods, q ?γ?τmatrix and equivalent enthalpy drop. Each matrix of the power-efficiency distributing matrix equation has a explicit physical sense and strong regular form, which makes it simple, clear, objective for global calculation and local analysis in thermal system. Samples show that the power-efficiency distributing matrix model has the characteristic of clear physical meaning, sententious mathematic description and convenient to parallel calculation.
3. Research on calculating enthalpy of the exhaust steam released by turbine with BP neural network. The steam released by turbine is in the wet steam area, so its enthalpy is hard to fix for the lack of means to measure the steam humidity in the local area. Its calculation has always been one of the difficulties of on-line analysis and diagnosis of the thermal economy for thermal power generation units. Many factors determine the exhaust steam enthalpy, which have typical nonlinear relationship with the exhaust steam enthalpy. Considering the better nonlinear mapping ability of BP neural network, the method of establishing the model to calculate the exhaust steam enthalpy with BP neural network is introduced in this thesis, which takes Ping Wei N600-165/535/535 units as an example.
引文
[1] 谢绍雄,关于当前电力改革的思考[J],中国能源,2003,25(10):17~21
[2] 陈国成,电力改革如火如荼[J],化工管理,2003(Z1):16~17
[3] 朱成章,世界电力工业的发展趋势[J],世界电力,2003(1):41~42
[4] 电力生产年报[J],世界电力,2002,24(2):80~82
[5] Douglas J, Smith , Plant Performance Monitoring Leads the Way to Higher Efficiency [J],Power Engineering , 1987(1):37~38
[6] R. C. Rittenhouse , Diagnostics for Maintenance and Upgrading [J], Power Engineering , 1986(3):56~58
[7] 严俊杰,汽轮发电机组经济性诊断理论研究及利用[D],[博士学位论文],西安:西安交通大学动力系,1997
[8] 张建,大型汽轮机在线性能监测[D],[博士学位论文],南京:东南大学动力系,1991
[9] Thomas C. Ellirtl and Robert Swanekamp , Monitoring Power Plant Performance [J], Power Engineering , 1998(10):67~69
[10] 严俊杰、刑秦安,林万超等,火电厂热力系统经济性诊断理论及应用[M],第一版,西安:西安交通大学出版社,2000,3~4
[11] 李勇,曹祖庆,火电机组运行状态监测、预测及故障诊断[J],发电设备,1999(3):25~28
[12] Robert D. Moss et al, An Introduction to the Tennessee Valley Authority On-Line Diagnosis[J] , Monitoring Systems Project, Proceedings of APC , 1987
[13] 李勇,陈梅倩,汽轮机运行性能诊断技术及其应用[M],第一版,北京:科学出版社,1999,45~47
[14] 贾俊颖,王培红,陈懋华,水和水蒸汽性质通用计算软件的算法研究[J],热能动力工程,2000,15(90):666~669
[15] 任克强,刘晖,微机控制系统的数字滤波算法[J],现代电子技术,2003(3):15~18
[16] 董益华,大型供热机组性能在线监测系统的研究与开发[D],[硕士学位论文],南京:东南大学动力系,2004
[17] 罗天祥,鲍栋文译,锅炉机组性能试验规程[G],ASME PTC4.1 , 1973
[18] [德]Th.博恩 .K.F 科诺赫 主编,热力工程计算图册[M],徐智勇,李岩青 译,北京:水利出版社,1991
[19] 中华人民共和国机械电子工业部,GB10184-88 电站锅炉性能试验规范[S],1988
[20] 范仲元,评估回热加热器热经济性的正确指标[J],江苏电机工程,2002,21(4):11~13
[21] 范仲元,换热器的传热温压系数[J],南京电力高等专科学校学报,1992,4(2):1~9
[22] 郭江龙,张树芳,宋之平等,电厂热力系统能效分布矩阵方程式及其应用[J],热能动力工程,2004,19(1):29~32
[23] 张小桃,单元机组运行经济性在线数学模型研究[D],[硕士学位论文],南京:东南大学动力系,2000
[24] 沈士一,庆贺云,康松等,汽轮机原理[M],北京:中国电力出版社,1992
[25] 王乃宁,张志刚,汽轮机热力设计[M],北京:水利电力出版社,1987
[26] 朱玉娜,大型电站汽轮机的性能监测模型研究及应用[D], [硕士学位论文],南京:东南大学动力系,1999
[27] 汪孟乐主编,火电厂热力系统分析[M],第一版,西安:西安交通大学出版社,1999
[28] 林万超,火电厂热系统节能理论[M],第一版,西安:西安交通大学出版社,1994
[29] 阎水保,徐治皋,循环函数法的改进[J],中国电机工程学报,2001,21(10):39~42
[30] 刘继平,严俊杰,陈国慧等,等效焓降法的基础理论数学研究[J],西安交通大学学报,1998,32(5):68~71
[31] 阎顺林,张春发,李永华等,火电机组热力系统汽水分布通用矩阵方程[J],中国电机工程学报,2000,20(8):69~73
[32] 郭民臣,魏楠,电厂热力系统矩阵热平衡方程式及其应用[J],动力工程,2002,22(2):1733~1738
[33] 马芳礼,电厂热力系统节能分析原理[M],第一版,北京:水利电力出版社,1992
[34] 郭江龙,张树芳,宋之平,基于能效分布矩阵方程的火电机组热力系统热经济性分析方法[J],华北电力大学学报,2003,30(5):70~72
[35] 张春发,张素香,崔映红等,现行电力系统热经济性状态方程[J],工程热物理学报,2001,22(6):665~667
[36] 飞思科技产品研发中心编著,MATLAB6.5 应用接口编程[M],北京:电子工业出版社,2003
[37] 任浩人,盛德仁,卢学峰等,汽轮机在线性能计算中排汽焓的确定[J],动力工程,1998,18(6):1~4
[38] 郭江龙,张树芳,陈海平,火电机组排汽焓在线计算方法的研究[J],发电设备,2001,6:11~14
[39] [美]Abhijit S Pandya,Robert B. Macy ,徐勇,荆涛等译, 神经网络模式识别及其实现[M].第一版,北京:电子工业出版社,1999
[40] 张乃尧,阎平凡主编,神经网络与模糊控制[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1998
[41] 阎平凡,张长水主编,人工神经网络与模拟进化计算[M],北京:清华大学出版社,2000
[42] Guoqing Zhang,B. Eddy Patuwo,Michael Y. Hu, Forecasting with Artificial Neural Networks: The State of the Art.International Journal of Forecasting,1998,14(1):35-62
[43] K.Y. Lee,T.I. Choi,C.C. Ku,J.H. Park, Short-Term Load Forecasting Using Diagonal Recurrent Neural Network[J], International Forum on Applications of Neural Networks toPower Systems,1993(2):227–232
[44] Michael Negnevitsky,Martin Ringrose, Accelerated Learning in Multi-Layer Neural Networks[J], International Conference on Neural Information Processing,1999,3 (6):1167 –1171
[45] 闻新,周露,王丹力等编著,MATLAB 神经网络应用设计[M],第一版,北京:科学出版社,2000,231~233
[46] 赵林明,胡浩云,魏德华等,多层前向人工神经网络[M],第一版,郑州:黄河水利出版社,1999,16~18
[47] 郭江龙,张树芳,陈海平,基于 BP 神经网络的汽轮机排汽焓在线计算方法[J],热能动力工程,2004,19(2):179~182
[48] 王军,电站数据仓库研究及应用[D],[博士学位论文],南京:东南大学动力系,2002
[49] Albert W L Yao, Ku C H,Developing a PC-based automated monitoring and control platform for electric power system[J],Electric Power System Research,2003,62(4)
[50] 周原冰,潘亚利,梁化忠等,发电厂厂级监控信息系统的发展与应用[J],山东电力技术,2003(4):13~16
[2] 陈国成,电力改革如火如荼[J],化工管理,2003(Z1):16~17
[3] 朱成章,世界电力工业的发展趋势[J],世界电力,2003(1):41~42
[4] 电力生产年报[J],世界电力,2002,24(2):80~82
[5] Douglas J, Smith , Plant Performance Monitoring Leads the Way to Higher Efficiency [J],Power Engineering , 1987(1):37~38
[6] R. C. Rittenhouse , Diagnostics for Maintenance and Upgrading [J], Power Engineering , 1986(3):56~58
[7] 严俊杰,汽轮发电机组经济性诊断理论研究及利用[D],[博士学位论文],西安:西安交通大学动力系,1997
[8] 张建,大型汽轮机在线性能监测[D],[博士学位论文],南京:东南大学动力系,1991
[9] Thomas C. Ellirtl and Robert Swanekamp , Monitoring Power Plant Performance [J], Power Engineering , 1998(10):67~69
[10] 严俊杰、刑秦安,林万超等,火电厂热力系统经济性诊断理论及应用[M],第一版,西安:西安交通大学出版社,2000,3~4
[11] 李勇,曹祖庆,火电机组运行状态监测、预测及故障诊断[J],发电设备,1999(3):25~28
[12] Robert D. Moss et al, An Introduction to the Tennessee Valley Authority On-Line Diagnosis[J] , Monitoring Systems Project, Proceedings of APC , 1987
[13] 李勇,陈梅倩,汽轮机运行性能诊断技术及其应用[M],第一版,北京:科学出版社,1999,45~47
[14] 贾俊颖,王培红,陈懋华,水和水蒸汽性质通用计算软件的算法研究[J],热能动力工程,2000,15(90):666~669
[15] 任克强,刘晖,微机控制系统的数字滤波算法[J],现代电子技术,2003(3):15~18
[16] 董益华,大型供热机组性能在线监测系统的研究与开发[D],[硕士学位论文],南京:东南大学动力系,2004
[17] 罗天祥,鲍栋文译,锅炉机组性能试验规程[G],ASME PTC4.1 , 1973
[18] [德]Th.博恩 .K.F 科诺赫 主编,热力工程计算图册[M],徐智勇,李岩青 译,北京:水利出版社,1991
[19] 中华人民共和国机械电子工业部,GB10184-88 电站锅炉性能试验规范[S],1988
[20] 范仲元,评估回热加热器热经济性的正确指标[J],江苏电机工程,2002,21(4):11~13
[21] 范仲元,换热器的传热温压系数[J],南京电力高等专科学校学报,1992,4(2):1~9
[22] 郭江龙,张树芳,宋之平等,电厂热力系统能效分布矩阵方程式及其应用[J],热能动力工程,2004,19(1):29~32
[23] 张小桃,单元机组运行经济性在线数学模型研究[D],[硕士学位论文],南京:东南大学动力系,2000
[24] 沈士一,庆贺云,康松等,汽轮机原理[M],北京:中国电力出版社,1992
[25] 王乃宁,张志刚,汽轮机热力设计[M],北京:水利电力出版社,1987
[26] 朱玉娜,大型电站汽轮机的性能监测模型研究及应用[D], [硕士学位论文],南京:东南大学动力系,1999
[27] 汪孟乐主编,火电厂热力系统分析[M],第一版,西安:西安交通大学出版社,1999
[28] 林万超,火电厂热系统节能理论[M],第一版,西安:西安交通大学出版社,1994
[29] 阎水保,徐治皋,循环函数法的改进[J],中国电机工程学报,2001,21(10):39~42
[30] 刘继平,严俊杰,陈国慧等,等效焓降法的基础理论数学研究[J],西安交通大学学报,1998,32(5):68~71
[31] 阎顺林,张春发,李永华等,火电机组热力系统汽水分布通用矩阵方程[J],中国电机工程学报,2000,20(8):69~73
[32] 郭民臣,魏楠,电厂热力系统矩阵热平衡方程式及其应用[J],动力工程,2002,22(2):1733~1738
[33] 马芳礼,电厂热力系统节能分析原理[M],第一版,北京:水利电力出版社,1992
[34] 郭江龙,张树芳,宋之平,基于能效分布矩阵方程的火电机组热力系统热经济性分析方法[J],华北电力大学学报,2003,30(5):70~72
[35] 张春发,张素香,崔映红等,现行电力系统热经济性状态方程[J],工程热物理学报,2001,22(6):665~667
[36] 飞思科技产品研发中心编著,MATLAB6.5 应用接口编程[M],北京:电子工业出版社,2003
[37] 任浩人,盛德仁,卢学峰等,汽轮机在线性能计算中排汽焓的确定[J],动力工程,1998,18(6):1~4
[38] 郭江龙,张树芳,陈海平,火电机组排汽焓在线计算方法的研究[J],发电设备,2001,6:11~14
[39] [美]Abhijit S Pandya,Robert B. Macy ,徐勇,荆涛等译, 神经网络模式识别及其实现[M].第一版,北京:电子工业出版社,1999
[40] 张乃尧,阎平凡主编,神经网络与模糊控制[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1998
[41] 阎平凡,张长水主编,人工神经网络与模拟进化计算[M],北京:清华大学出版社,2000
[42] Guoqing Zhang,B. Eddy Patuwo,Michael Y. Hu, Forecasting with Artificial Neural Networks: The State of the Art.International Journal of Forecasting,1998,14(1):35-62
[43] K.Y. Lee,T.I. Choi,C.C. Ku,J.H. Park, Short-Term Load Forecasting Using Diagonal Recurrent Neural Network[J], International Forum on Applications of Neural Networks toPower Systems,1993(2):227–232
[44] Michael Negnevitsky,Martin Ringrose, Accelerated Learning in Multi-Layer Neural Networks[J], International Conference on Neural Information Processing,1999,3 (6):1167 –1171
[45] 闻新,周露,王丹力等编著,MATLAB 神经网络应用设计[M],第一版,北京:科学出版社,2000,231~233
[46] 赵林明,胡浩云,魏德华等,多层前向人工神经网络[M],第一版,郑州:黄河水利出版社,1999,16~18
[47] 郭江龙,张树芳,陈海平,基于 BP 神经网络的汽轮机排汽焓在线计算方法[J],热能动力工程,2004,19(2):179~182
[48] 王军,电站数据仓库研究及应用[D],[博士学位论文],南京:东南大学动力系,2002
[49] Albert W L Yao, Ku C H,Developing a PC-based automated monitoring and control platform for electric power system[J],Electric Power System Research,2003,62(4)
[50] 周原冰,潘亚利,梁化忠等,发电厂厂级监控信息系统的发展与应用[J],山东电力技术,2003(4):13~16