地质勘探行业现代安全管理模型及方法体系研究
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摘要
人类正面临新的21世纪，我们国家正前进在高速的经济发展与文化进步的历史快车之道，为地勘企业的发展提供了广阔的平台。面对这样的现实和背景，面对这样的命题和时代要求，促使我们清醒地认识到，必须用现代的安全生产管理方法，指导企业的安全生产工作，为实现高质量的安全生产与安全生活而努力。
随着机构改革，市场经济的初步建立，各地勘单位安全管理机构和人员都发生了很大变化。安全人员数量减少、安全投入少或没有保证、劳动保护措施落后、安全工作效率低，现在地勘单位的安全工作还是在原计划经济的框架内开展，处于推着走的状态。事故类型较多并有一定的突发性，存在的危险源和灾害造成的伤害类型和职业病多达几十种。存在体制不健全、管理比较薄弱、工作环境差等问题。
本文通过介绍现代安全生产理论的发展，从事故频发倾向理论到科学的大安全观，特别是现代安全经济学和“安全发展”的理论，企业常用的以“人为中心”“管理为中心”和综合性安全管理以及系统化HSE安全管理模式和常用的十种管理方法以及职业健康安全管理体系。总结安全系统工程理论、事故致因理论、开展危险预知训练KYT、推行违章记点考核办法在地勘单位的应用，对地质勘探行业现代安全管理提出建议，以此促进地质勘探行业现代安全管理向现代的横向综合安全管理、现代主动、本质、超前的安全管理和内激型的安全目标管理方式的转变。
The humanity is facing the new 21st century, our country is going forward road of the historical express train which progresses in thehigh speed economical development and the culture, has provided thebroad platform for the geological prospecting enterprise'sdevelopment. Facing such reality and the background, facing suchproposition and the time request, urge us soberly to realize, must usemodem the safety in production management, the instructionenterprise's safety in production work, for realizes the high gradesafety in production and the safe life tries hard.
Along with the organization reform, the market economy preliminary establishment, various geological prospecting unit safety control organization and the personnel has all had very sweeping change. These curity personnel quantity reduces, safely invests few or does nothave the guarantee, labor protection measure backwardness, thetrouble-free service efficiency to be low, now the geologicalprospecting unit's trouble-free service or develops in the originalplanned economy frame, is at is pushing the condition which walks. Theaccident pattern are more and has the certain burst characteristics,the injury type and the occupational disease which the existence dangerous source and the disaster creates reaches several dozens kindsmuch. The existence system not perfect, the management quite is weak,the working conditions inferior question.
This article through the introduction modern safety in production theory development, sends the tendency theory from the accidentfrequency to the science security idea, specially modern securityeconomic and "safe development" the theory, the enterprise is commonlyused take "the artificial center" "the management as the center" andthe comprehensive safety control as well as the systematized HSE safety control pattern and the commonly used ten management as well asthe occupation healthy safety control system. The summary safetysystem project theory, the accident send because the theory, thedevelopment danger knew in advance trains KYT, carries out violatesregulations to keep the score the inspection means in the geologicalprospecting unit's application, puts forward the proposal to thegeological prospecting profession modem safety control, by thispromotion geological prospecting profession modem safety control tothe modern crosswise synthesis safety control, the modem age isinitiative, the essence, in advance safety control and in the stirringup security goal management way transformation.
随着机构改革，市场经济的初步建立，各地勘单位安全管理机构和人员都发生了很大变化。安全人员数量减少、安全投入少或没有保证、劳动保护措施落后、安全工作效率低，现在地勘单位的安全工作还是在原计划经济的框架内开展，处于推着走的状态。事故类型较多并有一定的突发性，存在的危险源和灾害造成的伤害类型和职业病多达几十种。存在体制不健全、管理比较薄弱、工作环境差等问题。
本文通过介绍现代安全生产理论的发展，从事故频发倾向理论到科学的大安全观，特别是现代安全经济学和“安全发展”的理论，企业常用的以“人为中心”“管理为中心”和综合性安全管理以及系统化HSE安全管理模式和常用的十种管理方法以及职业健康安全管理体系。总结安全系统工程理论、事故致因理论、开展危险预知训练KYT、推行违章记点考核办法在地勘单位的应用，对地质勘探行业现代安全管理提出建议，以此促进地质勘探行业现代安全管理向现代的横向综合安全管理、现代主动、本质、超前的安全管理和内激型的安全目标管理方式的转变。
The humanity is facing the new 21st century, our country is going forward road of the historical express train which progresses in thehigh speed economical development and the culture, has provided thebroad platform for the geological prospecting enterprise'sdevelopment. Facing such reality and the background, facing suchproposition and the time request, urge us soberly to realize, must usemodem the safety in production management, the instructionenterprise's safety in production work, for realizes the high gradesafety in production and the safe life tries hard.
Along with the organization reform, the market economy preliminary establishment, various geological prospecting unit safety control organization and the personnel has all had very sweeping change. These curity personnel quantity reduces, safely invests few or does nothave the guarantee, labor protection measure backwardness, thetrouble-free service efficiency to be low, now the geologicalprospecting unit's trouble-free service or develops in the originalplanned economy frame, is at is pushing the condition which walks. Theaccident pattern are more and has the certain burst characteristics,the injury type and the occupational disease which the existence dangerous source and the disaster creates reaches several dozens kindsmuch. The existence system not perfect, the management quite is weak,the working conditions inferior question.
This article through the introduction modern safety in production theory development, sends the tendency theory from the accidentfrequency to the science security idea, specially modern securityeconomic and "safe development" the theory, the enterprise is commonlyused take "the artificial center" "the management as the center" andthe comprehensive safety control as well as the systematized HSE safety control pattern and the commonly used ten management as well asthe occupation healthy safety control system. The summary safetysystem project theory, the accident send because the theory, thedevelopment danger knew in advance trains KYT, carries out violatesregulations to keep the score the inspection means in the geologicalprospecting unit's application, puts forward the proposal to thegeological prospecting profession modem safety control, by thispromotion geological prospecting profession modem safety control tothe modern crosswise synthesis safety control, the modem age isinitiative, the essence, in advance safety control and in the stirringup security goal management way transformation.
引文
[1] 全国地质勘探行业安全生产“十一五”规划．《中国矿业报》2005年9月22日
[2] 《现代安全管理—理论、方法、技巧》 罗云 中国劳动保护科学技术学会 1997
[3] 《安全管理》 崔国璋 海洋出版社 1997
[4] 《中国现代安全管理》 金磊、徐德蜀、罗云 气象出版社 1995
[5] 《我国安全生产十大问题及对策》 罗云 中国安全科学学报 1994 第3期
[6] 《安全经济学》 罗云 化学工业出版社 2004年 P36～41
[7] 《石油化工安全卫生监督指南》 中国劳动出版社 中国石油化工总公司 1994．
[8] 职业健康安全管理体系—规范GB／T28001-2001
[9] 《系统工程方法应用》陶加富 现代职业安全 2005年10期 P20
[10] 《应用事故致因理论解剖事故》王静 现代职业安全 2005年11期 P26
[11] GB 3787—83《安全技术规程》
[12] GB 6442—86《企业职工伤亡事故调查分析规则》
[13] GB 6441—86《企业职工伤亡事故分类标准》附录A
[14] 《危险预知活动对安全工作的促进》吴华明 卓红 现代职业安全 2005年4期 P18
[15] 《违章记点考核办法应用》李长满 现代职业安全 2006年1期 P32
[2] 《现代安全管理—理论、方法、技巧》 罗云 中国劳动保护科学技术学会 1997
[3] 《安全管理》 崔国璋 海洋出版社 1997
[4] 《中国现代安全管理》 金磊、徐德蜀、罗云 气象出版社 1995
[5] 《我国安全生产十大问题及对策》 罗云 中国安全科学学报 1994 第3期
[6] 《安全经济学》 罗云 化学工业出版社 2004年 P36～41
[7] 《石油化工安全卫生监督指南》 中国劳动出版社 中国石油化工总公司 1994．
[8] 职业健康安全管理体系—规范GB／T28001-2001
[9] 《系统工程方法应用》陶加富 现代职业安全 2005年10期 P20
[10] 《应用事故致因理论解剖事故》王静 现代职业安全 2005年11期 P26
[11] GB 3787—83《安全技术规程》
[12] GB 6442—86《企业职工伤亡事故调查分析规则》
[13] GB 6441—86《企业职工伤亡事故分类标准》附录A
[14] 《危险预知活动对安全工作的促进》吴华明 卓红 现代职业安全 2005年4期 P18
[15] 《违章记点考核办法应用》李长满 现代职业安全 2006年1期 P32