摘要
湖南省作为中部地区的重要省份之一,近年来经济的快速发展导致资源供需矛盾日益突出。大力发展再生资源产业是提高资源利用效率、建设资源节约型和环境友好型社会(“两型社会”)的重要途径。目前,湖南再生资源产业发展仍处于起步阶段,如何尽快规范再生资源市场,完善产业链条,提升产业经济、环境、社会效益,成为转变经济发方式、推进湖南“两型社会”建设中亟待解决的问题。基于此,本文通过运用文献调研法、案例分析法和政策规范分析等方法对湖南省再生资源产业现状、存在问题及影响因素进行了深入分析,在借鉴国内外支持再生资源产业发展的政策经验基础上,提出了湖南省再生资源产业发展目标及对策建议,主要研究内容如下:
首先,本文对再生资源产业的概念进行了界定,建立了由循环经济理论、外部性理论、产业链理论与产业政策理论构成的再生资源产业研究理论基础。
其次,本文对湖南省再生资源产业发展现状与存在的问题进行了分析。目前,全省再生资源产业已形成一定特色和规模,但总体上存在资源回收率低、市场秩序不规范、企业抗风险能力弱、环保问题凸显等问题。
第三,本文对湖南再生资源产业发展的影响因素进行了探讨,主要包括成本-收益因素、产业组织形式因素、从业人员与技术因素、产业政策因素、社会公众因素五个方面。其中,成本-收益分析以长沙市再生资源回收体系建设项目为例,分析了回收体系建设的成本与经济、环境、社会效益。
第四,从吸收国内外再生资源产业发展政策经验的角度,本文对发达国家和国内其它省市支持再生资源产业发展采取的政策和措施进行了分析,为提出湖南省再生资源产业发展的对策建议提供参考。
第五,本文提出了湖南省再生资源产业发展的经济、环境、社会目标,并从资金扶持、产业园区建设、企业技术创新、专业人才培养、市场规范、社会宣传六个方面提出了有针对性的对策建议,对湖南省再生资源产业发展具有指导意义。
As one of the important provinces in central China, Hunan’s fast economic development causes the imbalance between supply and demand of resource in recent years. To develop renewable resources industry is an important way of increasing the level of resources utilization and constructing resource-saving and environment friendly society(“Two-oriented Society”).At present, the renewable resources industry in Hunan is still at the starting stage. How to standardize the market as soon as possible, how to perfect the industry chain,how to optimize and upgrade the industry becomes urgent problem need to be solved to accelerate the transformation of the mode of economic development and promote the construction of“Two-oriented society”in Hunan. Based on this viewpoint, the thesis conducts deep analysis of the renewable resources industry status, the existing problems and the influencing factors in Hunan by means of the document surveys, case analysis and normative analysis, etc. By absorbing the policies and measures that the domestic and foreign countries adopted, the thesis proposes the policy suggestions as well as the development goals and thought to the industry. The main contents are as follows:
First of all, staring from definition of the concepts of the renewable resources industry, the thesis constructs theoretical basis of the research, which includes the circular economy theory, the external theory, the industrial chain theory and industrial policy theory.
Secondly,the thesis analyzes the status and problems of the renewable resources industry development in Hunan. At present, the renewable resources industry has already formed certain scale and characteristics, but generally some serious problems still exist, such as the low resources recovery rate, the disorder of the business, the small scale of the enterprises, the low anti-risk ability of the enterprises and the environmental protection problems, etc.
Thirdly, the thesis discusses factors that influence the development of the industry in Hunan. The five factors include the cost–profit factor, the industrial organization form factor, the practitioner and technical factor, the policy factor, and public factor. Among them, the analyses of cost–profit takes the practice of resource recovery system in Changsha as an example to show the economic, environmental and social benefits as well as the investment cost of the project construction.
Fourthly, in terms of absorbing the domestic and foreign policy experience to promote the renewable resource industry, the thesis analyzes the policies and measures been adopted in the developed countries and other provinces, which offers references for Hunan.
Fifthly, the paper proposes environmental, economic and social goals of the renewable resource industry in Hunan, followed by the pertinence suggestion in six aspects, including the capital-support, the industry park construction, the enterprises’technological innovation, the talents training, the market standardization and public education. Those recommendations have attached much significance to the renewable resources industry development in Hunan.
引文
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[9] Karen Palmer,Margaret Wall. Optimal policies for solid waste disposal and recycling: taxes, subsidies, and standards. Journal of Public Economics,1997, 65(2):193-205
[10] Hilary Sigman. A Comparison of Public Policies for Lead Recycling.RAND Journal of Economics,1995,26(3):452-478
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[25]王爱兰.中外再生资源产业发展比较与中国的推进策.2006,28(5):108-113
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[1]王建明,彭星闾.城市固体废弃物规制政策研究综述——推进循环经济的前沿领域.外国经济与管理,2006,28(9):59-65
[2] Wertz,L Kenneth. Economic factors influencing household’s production of refuse. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,1976,(2):263-272
[3] Thomas C.Kinnaman, Don Fullerton. The economics of residential solid waste management. National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper 7326,1999,32-33
[4] DonFullerton,WenboWu.Policies for Green Design. Journal of environmental economics and management,1998,(36):131-148
[5] Dinan,Terry M. Economic efficiency aspects of alternative policies for reducing waste disposal. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 1993,(25):242-256
[6] Don Fullerton,Thomas C.Kinnaman. Garbage, recycling, and illegal burning or dumping. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,1995,(29):78-91
[7] Karen Palmer,Margaret Wall. Optimal policies for solid waste disposal and recycling: taxes, subsidies, and standards. Journal of Public Economics,1997, 65(2):193-205
[8] Hilary Sigman. A Comparison of Public Policies for Lead Recycling.RAND Journalof Economics,1995,26(3):452-478
[9] Karen Palmer, Margaret Wall. Material use and solid waste: an evaluation of policies. Resources of the Future Discussion Paper,1994,(10):95-105
[10] Karen Palmer, Hilary Sigman, Margaret Wall. The Cost of Reducing Municipal Solid Waste. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,1997,33(2):128-150
[11] Di Vita, G. Macroeconomic effects of the recycling of wasted derived from imported non-renewable raw materials. Resources Policy,1997,23(4):179–186
[12] V.Rich,B.Haines,P.Kearney. Macroeconomic implication: a response to Di Vita, Resource Policy,1999(25):141-142
[13] Imre Dobos,AdelFloriska. The resource conservation effect of recycling in adynamic Leontief model. International Journal of Production Economics, 2007,108(1-2): 334–340
[14] Scott F.Sibley,William C.Butterman,Staff. Metals recycling in the United States. Resources,Conservation and Recycling,1995,15(3):259-267
[15] Foo Tuan Seik. Recycling of Domestic Waste: Early Experiences in Singapore. Habitat International,1997,21(3):277-289
[16] Marjorie J. Clarke, Juliana A. Maantay. Optimizing recycling in all of New York City’sneighborhoods: Using GIS to develop the REAPindex for improved recycling education, awareness, and participation. Resources, Conservation and Recycling,2006,(46):128-148
[17] Alexis M. Troschinetz, James R. Mihelcic. Sustainable recycling of municipal solid waste in developing countries. Waste Management, 2009, 29(2):915-923
[18] ShaufiqueF.Sidique,Satish V.Joshi, FrankLupi. Factors influencing the rate of recycling: An analysis of Minnesota counties. Resources,Conservation and Recycling,2010,54(4):242-249
[19]江林茜.西部地区再生资源持续开发的模型管理方法分析.软科学,2001,15(5):60-63
[20]陈锐.资源再生产业的运行机制与政策体系,科学对社会的影响,2004,(4):33-38
[21]刘强.再生资源回收利用——人类可持续发展的生命线,环境经济,2005,22(10):20-22
[22]苗建青.日本废弃物回收政策对资源化率影响效果的计量分析.经济科学,2005,(5):121-127
[23]王爱兰.中外再生资源产业发展比较与中国的推进策.2006,28(5):108-113
[24]周宏春.变废为宝——中国再生资源产业发展政策研究.北京:科学出版社,2008,25-30
[25]冯慧娟,张继承.再生资源产业市场化进程与政府调控对策.资源与产业,2009,11(6):105-109
[26]邓光君.资源再生产业市场化发展模式的构想.当代经济,2009,(13):88-89
[27]李晶.促进资源再生产业发展的财税政策研究.社会科学辑刊,2007,(6):131-136
[28]叶建.废旧物资税收政策调整之我见.再生资源与循环经济,2008,1(7):25-26
[29] [29]王志中.关于扶持再生资源回收产业发展的若干建议.再生资源与循环经济,2009,(2):13-15
[30] [30]林加冲,王卫.新税收政策对再生资源行业的影响及调整建议.资源再生,2009,(6):26-28
[31]徐冬阳,夏杰.关于再生资源增值税新政策实施带来的问题及建议.再生资源与循环经济,2009,2(8):16-17
[32]朱海伦.金融风暴中循环经济的一个悖论——论保护废旧物资回收利用体系政策.再生资源与循环经济,2009,2(1):15-20
[33]张菲菲,李慧明.价格上限、产品同质性与成本竞争——对再生资源产业竞争问题的新解释.财经理论与实践(双月刊),2009,30(158):71-75
[34]韩冰.创建汨罗模式建设再生资源加工园区——访中共汩罗市委常委、湖南汩罗工业园区管委会主任傅金华.再生资源与循环经济,2009,2(10):1-3,13
[35]谭灵芝,张桂君.我国再生姿源产业发展的环境经济政策分析.重庆工商大学学报(西部论坛).2009,19(5):61-65
[36]刘研萍,李秀金,徐彦峰.北京市再生资源回收体系建设规划.环境与可持续发展,2008(5):1-3
[37]吕文德,宋树盛.天津市深入推进再生资源回收体系建设.再生资源与循环经济,2008,1(11):28-29,44
[38]刘星,张树忠.天津市供销社再生资源回收体系建设纪实.再生资源与循环经济, 2009(5):19-23
[39]章和杰,余文,梁晓等.构建浙江省再生资源回收利用体系.中国环保产业,2008(12):66-70
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