基于GIS平台的卫勤信息系统的设计与实现
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摘要
基于GIS平台的卫勤信息系统课题的提出是在军队全面深入的开展信息化建设的大背景下提出来的。其目的是为提高我国卫勤保障信息使用的效率、实现多种信息形式的综合应用、提供动态及时的数据信息等。本系统利用地理信息技术和数据库技术,将卫勤保障专题信息数据库与全国行政区划图、全国基础卫勤信息图相结合,为各级卫勤指挥机关提供科学有效的数据指标,实现卫勤保障数据管理的规范化、自动化。
系统采用C++为编程工具,以oracle 8i为后台数据库,并充分利用地理信息系统处理地理信息和数据库系统处理数据信息的优势,以软件工程思想为基础,对每一功能进行详细分析与设计,最终实现本系统的功能。系统主要包括信息应用系统、数据库系统、标图系统、地图维护系统、系统维护等几个子系统。
本系统的GIS平台的底图使用的是“军用地理交通图系统”电子地图,通过对其进行二次开发,应用索引记录、倍率记录、要素记录、级别指针、类别指针的策略,将以矢量、栅格、声音、图形、图像、文字、录像等格式存储的信息,由1:600万行政区划图数据库、1:50万全国基础卫勤信息图数据库等一系列多源数据库进行管理。以此完成空间数据关联和信息的无缝集成,组成多要素、多尺度、多时相的地理信息平台。
在实体结构设计中,留有数据库连接数目、连接方式和记录集合对象的识别号等元素。在数据库中,建立地理信息与专题信息之间的联系表,具有连接方式、记录对象的唯一识别号、记录或者过滤条件的唯一识别号、图形元素类别的识别号、图形元素的唯一识别号等元素储存连接信息。通过这种方式,建立地理信息与专题信息之间的联系,实现GIS与DBMS的链接。
本论文主要从研制该系统的过程入手,以软件工程学的方法,从需求分析、系统总体设计、系统详细设计等方面阐述了系统建立的全过程。
To promote informatization in military, raise the efficiency of health service safeguard information in our country, carry out the comprehensive application of a number sort of information, and provide dynamic real-time data, the health service information system based on GIS platform is proposed. Utilization the geo-information technology and database, the database for health service safeguard is connected with both our national administrative map and national basic health service information map, to provide direct and complete statistic data index for all-level health service command center and realize the standardization and automatization on health service safeguard data management.
In this system, C++is selected as the programming tool while oracle 8i is as the background database. By taking full advantage of the edges that the GIS disposes the geographical information and database disposes the specific information, all the functions in this system is realized by the modular design for every function with object-oriented designing method. The sub-systems divided by the systematic function mainly include information application system, database system, marker mapping system, map maintenance system as well as system maintenance.
The GIS platform in this system is an independent developed system, in which by utilizing index record, ratio record, element record, level pointer as well as category pointer, the information stored in the form of vector, grid, voice, figure, image, character as well as video recording is managed by a series of polygen database system that include 1:6000000 scale administrative map,1:500000 scale national basic health service information figure database, etc in light of the research on metadata. Therefore, the seamless integration between spatial data correlation and information is realized to establish a multi-element, multi-scale and a multi-temporal geo-information platform.
During the process of structure design on entity, some elements such as connection number for database, connection method as well as identification mark for recording the set-object are retained. In the database, the contact table for establishing the geo-information and specific information has connection information for element store is consisted of some items such as connection method, recording the unique identification mark concerning the object, recording or filtering the conditional unique identification mark, the identification mark on figure element, the unique identification mark concerning the figure element, etc. Through this way, the connection between geo-information and specific information is established to realize the connection between GIS and DBMS.
Making use of software engineering, the content in this paper starts with developing the system mentioned in this paper, and illustrates the whole process to establish the system from the perspective of requirement analysis, system design, systematic design in detail, etc.
系统采用C++为编程工具,以oracle 8i为后台数据库,并充分利用地理信息系统处理地理信息和数据库系统处理数据信息的优势,以软件工程思想为基础,对每一功能进行详细分析与设计,最终实现本系统的功能。系统主要包括信息应用系统、数据库系统、标图系统、地图维护系统、系统维护等几个子系统。
本系统的GIS平台的底图使用的是“军用地理交通图系统”电子地图,通过对其进行二次开发,应用索引记录、倍率记录、要素记录、级别指针、类别指针的策略,将以矢量、栅格、声音、图形、图像、文字、录像等格式存储的信息,由1:600万行政区划图数据库、1:50万全国基础卫勤信息图数据库等一系列多源数据库进行管理。以此完成空间数据关联和信息的无缝集成,组成多要素、多尺度、多时相的地理信息平台。
在实体结构设计中,留有数据库连接数目、连接方式和记录集合对象的识别号等元素。在数据库中,建立地理信息与专题信息之间的联系表,具有连接方式、记录对象的唯一识别号、记录或者过滤条件的唯一识别号、图形元素类别的识别号、图形元素的唯一识别号等元素储存连接信息。通过这种方式,建立地理信息与专题信息之间的联系,实现GIS与DBMS的链接。
本论文主要从研制该系统的过程入手,以软件工程学的方法,从需求分析、系统总体设计、系统详细设计等方面阐述了系统建立的全过程。
To promote informatization in military, raise the efficiency of health service safeguard information in our country, carry out the comprehensive application of a number sort of information, and provide dynamic real-time data, the health service information system based on GIS platform is proposed. Utilization the geo-information technology and database, the database for health service safeguard is connected with both our national administrative map and national basic health service information map, to provide direct and complete statistic data index for all-level health service command center and realize the standardization and automatization on health service safeguard data management.
In this system, C++is selected as the programming tool while oracle 8i is as the background database. By taking full advantage of the edges that the GIS disposes the geographical information and database disposes the specific information, all the functions in this system is realized by the modular design for every function with object-oriented designing method. The sub-systems divided by the systematic function mainly include information application system, database system, marker mapping system, map maintenance system as well as system maintenance.
The GIS platform in this system is an independent developed system, in which by utilizing index record, ratio record, element record, level pointer as well as category pointer, the information stored in the form of vector, grid, voice, figure, image, character as well as video recording is managed by a series of polygen database system that include 1:6000000 scale administrative map,1:500000 scale national basic health service information figure database, etc in light of the research on metadata. Therefore, the seamless integration between spatial data correlation and information is realized to establish a multi-element, multi-scale and a multi-temporal geo-information platform.
During the process of structure design on entity, some elements such as connection number for database, connection method as well as identification mark for recording the set-object are retained. In the database, the contact table for establishing the geo-information and specific information has connection information for element store is consisted of some items such as connection method, recording the unique identification mark concerning the object, recording or filtering the conditional unique identification mark, the identification mark on figure element, the unique identification mark concerning the figure element, etc. Through this way, the connection between geo-information and specific information is established to realize the connection between GIS and DBMS.
Making use of software engineering, the content in this paper starts with developing the system mentioned in this paper, and illustrates the whole process to establish the system from the perspective of requirement analysis, system design, systematic design in detail, etc.
引文
1.方悦,王德群,王嘉男.GIS与计算机技术发展趋势[J],科协论坛(下半月),2007,06(13)：25-26.
2.李小民.基于GIS技术的军用电子地图在军事指挥中的应用[J],电脑开发与应用,2004,04(66)：45-47.
3.胡鹏,胡毓钜.我国地球空间数据框架的设计思想、技术路线及若干理论问题讨论等[J],武汉大学学报信息科学版,2006,27(3)：36-40.
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7. Wilkin Montagu, Teddy A. The use of GIS in estimating spatial variation in habitat quality[J], Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research,2006,2(21): 66.
8.宫辉力.地理信息系统的模型库研究[J],地学前缘,2006年,2(06)：25-27.
9.陈正江.地理信息系统设计与开发[M],北京：科学出版社,2007,245-256.
10.陈莉莉.面向对象软件工程技术在GIS中的应用[J],测绘科学技术学报,2007年,4(12)：16-18.
11.朱欣焰,张建超.无缝空间数据库的概念、实现与问题研究等[J],武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2007,27(3)：4-6.
12. Simon Montagu. Repackaging the Revolution:Making GIS Instruction Relevant to Planners[J], Journal of Planning Education and Research,2007,21(14):184.
13. Sala,S. GIS-based procedure for site-specific risk assessment of pesticides for aquatic ecosystems[J], Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2008,11(02): 164-165.
14. Ioannis Doukas. The use of a Web-based GIS for the management of databases related to natural disasters[J], Geodezja i Kartografia,2007,1(19):56.
15. A. Flantua. Application of GIS and logistic regression to fossil pollen data in modelling present and past spatial distribution of the Colombian savanna. Suzette G[J], Climate Dynamics,2007,1(29):7-8.
16. Lynen G.. Distribution assessed with GIS based on an extensive field survey[J], Experimental & applied acarology,2007,1(43):4.
17. John Magistro, The Application of GIS as an Assessment and Planning Tool for Smallholder Irrigation Market Development[J], Information Development,2007, 23(29):137-150.
18. Ralph Renger, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) as an Evaluation Tool[J], American Journal of Evaluation,2002,23(74):469.
19.代侦勇.全新的GIS体系结构模式[J],测绘信息与工程,2003,01(44)：6.
20.刘寅虓.系统分析之路[M],北京：电子工业出版社,2005,125-126.
21.陈平.用例在软件需求分析中的应用[J],安徽工业大学学报(自然科学版),2005年,4(5)：6-7.
22.叶斌.软件开发中的用例分析技术[J],微机发展,2004年,09(01)：10.
23.李洋.基于知识管理的办公自动化系统的设计与实现[D],哈尔滨：哈尔滨工程大学,2005.
24.邸剑.面向对象软件工程方法分析[J],计算机技术与发展,2002,01(05)：33-37.
25.眭鸿飞.面向对象软件体系结构的形式化模型[J],小型微型计算机系统,2003年,10(48)：21.
26.尹锋.软件工程系统论研究初探[J],航空计算技术,2006,03(74)：33-34.
27.赵永军.浅谈数字化专题地图的设计与制作[J],东北测绘,2003,01(56)：2.
28.姜永发,间国年.网格计算与Grid GIS体系结构与关键技术探讨[J],测绘科学,2005年,012(04)：16-17.
29.肖为周,李旭宏,徐乃强.公路网规划信息系统中时空技术研究与应用[J],公路交通科技,2000,25(03)：30-31.
30.石建军,许国华,何民,宋延.交通地理信息系统数据模型的研究进展[J],北京工业大学学报,2004,41(03)：22-23.
31.杜清运.数字地图学发展的现状与趋势[J],地理空间信息,2003,14(04)：9-11.
32.刘小栋.公众版电子地图的设计与开发[J],测绘技术装备,2006,09(03)：5-6.
33.赵鸿铎,李晔,姚祖康.面向对象的GIS-T数据模型[J],公路交通科技,2001,14(02)：17-18.
34.彭寒彬.面向对象组件式地理模型库建立的研究与实践[D],上海：华东师范大学,2007.
35.齐学忠.信息系统中的数据库设计与性能优化[J],计算机工程与应用,2000,21(11)：48-49.
2.李小民.基于GIS技术的军用电子地图在军事指挥中的应用[J],电脑开发与应用,2004,04(66)：45-47.
3.胡鹏,胡毓钜.我国地球空间数据框架的设计思想、技术路线及若干理论问题讨论等[J],武汉大学学报信息科学版,2006,27(3)：36-40.
4. Alicia, Felpeto. Automatic GIS-based system for volcanic hazard assessment[J], Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research,2007,1(3):166.
5.谢芳.现代软件工程在现代软件开发中的合理应用[J],计算机与现代化,2005,4(02)：10-11.
6. 陈建春.Visual C++开发GIS系统[M],北京：电子工业出版社,2005,136-137.
7. Wilkin Montagu, Teddy A. The use of GIS in estimating spatial variation in habitat quality[J], Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research,2006,2(21): 66.
8.宫辉力.地理信息系统的模型库研究[J],地学前缘,2006年,2(06)：25-27.
9.陈正江.地理信息系统设计与开发[M],北京：科学出版社,2007,245-256.
10.陈莉莉.面向对象软件工程技术在GIS中的应用[J],测绘科学技术学报,2007年,4(12)：16-18.
11.朱欣焰,张建超.无缝空间数据库的概念、实现与问题研究等[J],武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2007,27(3)：4-6.
12. Simon Montagu. Repackaging the Revolution:Making GIS Instruction Relevant to Planners[J], Journal of Planning Education and Research,2007,21(14):184.
13. Sala,S. GIS-based procedure for site-specific risk assessment of pesticides for aquatic ecosystems[J], Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2008,11(02): 164-165.
14. Ioannis Doukas. The use of a Web-based GIS for the management of databases related to natural disasters[J], Geodezja i Kartografia,2007,1(19):56.
15. A. Flantua. Application of GIS and logistic regression to fossil pollen data in modelling present and past spatial distribution of the Colombian savanna. Suzette G[J], Climate Dynamics,2007,1(29):7-8.
16. Lynen G.. Distribution assessed with GIS based on an extensive field survey[J], Experimental & applied acarology,2007,1(43):4.
17. John Magistro, The Application of GIS as an Assessment and Planning Tool for Smallholder Irrigation Market Development[J], Information Development,2007, 23(29):137-150.
18. Ralph Renger, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) as an Evaluation Tool[J], American Journal of Evaluation,2002,23(74):469.
19.代侦勇.全新的GIS体系结构模式[J],测绘信息与工程,2003,01(44)：6.
20.刘寅虓.系统分析之路[M],北京：电子工业出版社,2005,125-126.
21.陈平.用例在软件需求分析中的应用[J],安徽工业大学学报(自然科学版),2005年,4(5)：6-7.
22.叶斌.软件开发中的用例分析技术[J],微机发展,2004年,09(01)：10.
23.李洋.基于知识管理的办公自动化系统的设计与实现[D],哈尔滨：哈尔滨工程大学,2005.
24.邸剑.面向对象软件工程方法分析[J],计算机技术与发展,2002,01(05)：33-37.
25.眭鸿飞.面向对象软件体系结构的形式化模型[J],小型微型计算机系统,2003年,10(48)：21.
26.尹锋.软件工程系统论研究初探[J],航空计算技术,2006,03(74)：33-34.
27.赵永军.浅谈数字化专题地图的设计与制作[J],东北测绘,2003,01(56)：2.
28.姜永发,间国年.网格计算与Grid GIS体系结构与关键技术探讨[J],测绘科学,2005年,012(04)：16-17.
29.肖为周,李旭宏,徐乃强.公路网规划信息系统中时空技术研究与应用[J],公路交通科技,2000,25(03)：30-31.
30.石建军,许国华,何民,宋延.交通地理信息系统数据模型的研究进展[J],北京工业大学学报,2004,41(03)：22-23.
31.杜清运.数字地图学发展的现状与趋势[J],地理空间信息,2003,14(04)：9-11.
32.刘小栋.公众版电子地图的设计与开发[J],测绘技术装备,2006,09(03)：5-6.
33.赵鸿铎,李晔,姚祖康.面向对象的GIS-T数据模型[J],公路交通科技,2001,14(02)：17-18.
34.彭寒彬.面向对象组件式地理模型库建立的研究与实践[D],上海：华东师范大学,2007.
35.齐学忠.信息系统中的数据库设计与性能优化[J],计算机工程与应用,2000,21(11)：48-49.