基于GIS汉江襄樊段水环境容量数据库研发
摘要
汉江流域是湖北省内长江重要的支流。近年来随着工业的飞速发展,作为南水北调工程的主要水源地,汉江水环境保护的意义巨大。汉江水环境污染已对湖北省襄樊市的生态环境和人民的生活造成重大影响,建立水环境容量数据库系统势在必行。
本系统基于地理信息系统和数据库技术,采用Microsoft Visual Basic 6语言进行编程,数据库采用SQL Server 2000,研究开发汉江襄樊段水环境容量数据库系统。系统在ArcObjects的基础上二次开发,它既是一个基于GIS技术和数据库技术的系统,也是一个环境容量管理系统。该系统以水质与环境容量模块为核心,总体构架由系统管理、数据库管理、地图显示与控制及水质与环境容量输出六个大的功能模块组成。每一模块又进行了功能上的详细划分和实现,各个模块相对独立、互相调用,从而成为一个有机的整体。
本系统将汉江襄樊段水环境质量、水污染信息、地理信息等集合在一起,结合水质预测数学模型、水环境容量计算模型,实现了水质的计算与预测以及环境容量的计算。并对其进行综合分析,为有效控制汉江流域污染提供最终的决策支持。
本课题的创新点是将计算机编程思想用于水环境管理,结合GIS技术和数据库技术开发水环境容量综合管理系统。传统的数据表结合可视化的空间数据(如点、线、面),让用户管理更加直观和便捷。
Hanjiang River is an important branch of Yangtze River. Recently, with the rapid development of industry, Protecting Hanjiang River, which is a primary riverhead of the South-to-North water diversion project, has great significance. As the pollution of Hanjiang River had a pernicious influence on environment and people’s life of Xiangfan city in Hubei province, it is necessary to set up the database system of water environment capacity.
The system is base upon GIS and database technology. Microsoft Visual Basic 6 and SQL Server 2000 are used in programming and database respectively for researching the database system of water environment capacity in Hanjiang River. In the base of ArcObjects, the Software is developed secondarily. It is not only a system based on GIS and database technology, but also a database system of environment capacity. The system consists of six function modules: system control, database management, display and control of digital map, water environment information & water environment capacity. Every module is independent and has a style of its own in their function, but for the whole system, they are mutually dependent and become an organic whole body.
Water environment qualities, information of water pollution, geographic information and so on are integrated in the system. The system combined with the model of water quality prediction and computation module of water environment capacity, which can complete counting and forecasting of water quality and environment capacity. After comprehensive anglicizing, the system can offer final strategic decision to control the pollution of Hanjiang River effectively.
Creative point of the research is using Computer programming to manage water environment, Combining GIS and database to develop water environment capacity system. Spatial data (point, line, polygon)and traditional datasheet will make user’s controlling more visualized and easier.
本系统基于地理信息系统和数据库技术,采用Microsoft Visual Basic 6语言进行编程,数据库采用SQL Server 2000,研究开发汉江襄樊段水环境容量数据库系统。系统在ArcObjects的基础上二次开发,它既是一个基于GIS技术和数据库技术的系统,也是一个环境容量管理系统。该系统以水质与环境容量模块为核心,总体构架由系统管理、数据库管理、地图显示与控制及水质与环境容量输出六个大的功能模块组成。每一模块又进行了功能上的详细划分和实现,各个模块相对独立、互相调用,从而成为一个有机的整体。
本系统将汉江襄樊段水环境质量、水污染信息、地理信息等集合在一起,结合水质预测数学模型、水环境容量计算模型,实现了水质的计算与预测以及环境容量的计算。并对其进行综合分析,为有效控制汉江流域污染提供最终的决策支持。
本课题的创新点是将计算机编程思想用于水环境管理,结合GIS技术和数据库技术开发水环境容量综合管理系统。传统的数据表结合可视化的空间数据(如点、线、面),让用户管理更加直观和便捷。
Hanjiang River is an important branch of Yangtze River. Recently, with the rapid development of industry, Protecting Hanjiang River, which is a primary riverhead of the South-to-North water diversion project, has great significance. As the pollution of Hanjiang River had a pernicious influence on environment and people’s life of Xiangfan city in Hubei province, it is necessary to set up the database system of water environment capacity.
The system is base upon GIS and database technology. Microsoft Visual Basic 6 and SQL Server 2000 are used in programming and database respectively for researching the database system of water environment capacity in Hanjiang River. In the base of ArcObjects, the Software is developed secondarily. It is not only a system based on GIS and database technology, but also a database system of environment capacity. The system consists of six function modules: system control, database management, display and control of digital map, water environment information & water environment capacity. Every module is independent and has a style of its own in their function, but for the whole system, they are mutually dependent and become an organic whole body.
Water environment qualities, information of water pollution, geographic information and so on are integrated in the system. The system combined with the model of water quality prediction and computation module of water environment capacity, which can complete counting and forecasting of water quality and environment capacity. After comprehensive anglicizing, the system can offer final strategic decision to control the pollution of Hanjiang River effectively.
Creative point of the research is using Computer programming to manage water environment, Combining GIS and database to develop water environment capacity system. Spatial data (point, line, polygon)and traditional datasheet will make user’s controlling more visualized and easier.
引文
[1]吴建平.实施排污许可制度有效控制污染物排放.安徽科技, 2004, (12): 45~48
[2]杨树平.昆明城市大气环境容量核定研究.昆明理工大学, 2007
[3]韦保仁,石剑英.地理信息系统在环境保护中的发展趋势分析.苏州城建环保学院学报, 1999, 12(3): 35~40
[4]王宏伟,程声通.多媒体3S综合集成技术在环境科学中的应用.环境科学, 1998, 19(2): 83~86
[5]林伟立,胡建信. GIS和环境管理信息系统建设.环境与开发, 2001, 16(3): 1~3
[6]陈述彭,鲁学军,周成虎.地理信息系统导论.北京:科学出版社, 2000
[7]边馥苓.地理信息系统原理和方法.北京:测绘出版社, 1996
[8]刘勇,井文涌.地理信息系统技术及其在环境科学中的应用.环境科学, 1997, 18(2): 62~65
[9] Assaf H, Saadeh M. Assessing water quality management options in the Upper Litani Basin, Lebanon, using an integrated GIS-based decision support system. Environmental Modelling&Software, 2008(23): 1327~1337
[10]高伟,李功权,胡海龙.基于GIS的荆州市水利信息系统的设计与实现.地理空间信息, 2007, 15(2): 71~74
[11] ESRI. Exploring ArcObjects. California. 2002: 204~225
[12] Riolo F. A geographic information system for fisheries management in American Samoa. Environmental Modelling&Software, 2006, 21(7): 1025~1041
[13] Ager A, Bahro B, Finney M. Automating fireshed assessments and analyzing wildfire risk with ArcObjects and ArcGIS. Forest Ecology and Management, 2006, 234(11): 215
[14] Stevens D, Dragicevic S, Rothley K. A GIS–CA modelling tool for urban planning and decision making. Environmental Modelling & Software, 2007, 22(6): 761~773
[15] Hughes D A, Forsytha D A. A generic database and spatial interface for the application of hydrological and water resource models. Computers & Geosciences, 2006, 32(9): 1389~1402
[16]刘伟,郭俊.基于VB+MO贵阳市区域综合GIS应用系统开发.城市勘测, 2007, (1): 55~58
[17]孙美萍,顾海霞.基于MapObjects的陕西省公路路况信息服务系统设计与开发.中国科技信息, 2007, (2): 96~98
[18]李开伟,方源敏.基于MapObjects的区域环境规划系统的设计与实现.地矿测绘, 2006, 22(4): 20~22
[19]成筠.微计算机信息.城市生态环境质量评价软件的开发, 2007, 04: 226~227
[20]陶增才,王淑娴,童张法等.基于MapObjects2. 3开发南宁邕江水域信息管理系统.广西科学院学报, 2006, 22(4): 330~336
[21]刘光媛,聂庆华,赵明等.基于ArcIMS开发WebGIS的农业环境信息系统研究.地理空间信息, 2007, 15(1): 40~43
[22]鲍全盛,王华东,曹利军.中国河流水环境容区划研究.中国环境科学, 1996, 16(2): 87~91
[23]高艳强,杨文强.基于MapX的野生动物源管理信息系统.微计算机信息, 2007, 23(3): 19~20
[24] Matějí?ek L. A GIS-based approach to spatio-temporal analysis of environmental pollution in urban areas: A case study of Prague's environment extended by LIDAR data. Ecological Modelling, 2006, 199(3): 261~277
[25] Martin J, Bunch, Douglas J et al. Linking conceptual and simulation models of the Cooum River: collaborative development of a GIS-based DSS for environmental management. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 2004 , 28(3): 247~264
[26] Lenz R J M, Beuttler A. Experiences with GIS-based planning tool for spatial eco-balances. Environmental Modelling & Software, 2003, 18(6): 581~585
[27] Leon L F. Integration of a nonpoint source pollution model with a decision support system. Environmental Modelling & Software, 2000 , 15: 249~255
[28] Pullar D, Springer D. Towards integrating GIS and catchment models. Environmental Modelling & Software, 2000, 15: 451~459
[29] Daene C, Mckinney, Xi M C. Linking GIS and water resources management models: an object-oriented method. Environmental Modelling & Software, 2002, 17: 413~425
[30] Pollit M. Protecting lrish interest: GIS on Patrol. GIS Europe, 1994. 3(6): 18~20
[31]王伟长.地理信息系统控件(ActiveX)——MapObjects培训教程.第三版.北京:科学出版社, 2000: 26~31
[32]周玉清,黄全义,陈雪丰等.基于ArcObject的空间数据管理系统的设计与开发.地理空间信息, 2006, (2): 50~51
[33]谢松. GIS数字校园的关键技术及原则.科技广场, 2006, (8): 41~43
[34]谢海永,赵保华. Visual Basic中的界面设计原则和编程技巧.计算机世界报, 1997(15)
[35]黄波,王英杰. GIS与ES的结合及其应用初探.环境遥感, 1996, 11(3): 234~239.
[36]刘勇,井文涌.地理信息系统技术及其在环境科学中的应用.环境科学学报, 1997, 18(2): 62~65
[37]谢涌明.环境水质模型概论.北京:中国科学技术大学出版社, 1996
[38]张艳.基于NET平台和ArcGISEngine的土地利用规划信息系统的研究与开发.合肥工业大学硕士学位论文, 2007
[39] Karimi H A, Houston B H. EvaIuation Strategies for Integrating Environ-mental Models with GIS: Current Trends and Future Needs. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 1996, 20(6): 413~425
[40] Hemandez T, Nachabe M, Ross M et al. Modeling runoff from variable source areas in humid, shallow water table environments. Journal of American Water Resources Association, 2003, 39 (1): 75~86
[41]王玲,吴侃,雷兵.空间数据库辅助设计系统的探析与实现.测绘与空间地理信息, 2008(6): 101~104
[42] ESRI. ESRI Shapefile Technical Description. An ESRI White Paper, 1998
[2]杨树平.昆明城市大气环境容量核定研究.昆明理工大学, 2007
[3]韦保仁,石剑英.地理信息系统在环境保护中的发展趋势分析.苏州城建环保学院学报, 1999, 12(3): 35~40
[4]王宏伟,程声通.多媒体3S综合集成技术在环境科学中的应用.环境科学, 1998, 19(2): 83~86
[5]林伟立,胡建信. GIS和环境管理信息系统建设.环境与开发, 2001, 16(3): 1~3
[6]陈述彭,鲁学军,周成虎.地理信息系统导论.北京:科学出版社, 2000
[7]边馥苓.地理信息系统原理和方法.北京:测绘出版社, 1996
[8]刘勇,井文涌.地理信息系统技术及其在环境科学中的应用.环境科学, 1997, 18(2): 62~65
[9] Assaf H, Saadeh M. Assessing water quality management options in the Upper Litani Basin, Lebanon, using an integrated GIS-based decision support system. Environmental Modelling&Software, 2008(23): 1327~1337
[10]高伟,李功权,胡海龙.基于GIS的荆州市水利信息系统的设计与实现.地理空间信息, 2007, 15(2): 71~74
[11] ESRI. Exploring ArcObjects. California. 2002: 204~225
[12] Riolo F. A geographic information system for fisheries management in American Samoa. Environmental Modelling&Software, 2006, 21(7): 1025~1041
[13] Ager A, Bahro B, Finney M. Automating fireshed assessments and analyzing wildfire risk with ArcObjects and ArcGIS. Forest Ecology and Management, 2006, 234(11): 215
[14] Stevens D, Dragicevic S, Rothley K. A GIS–CA modelling tool for urban planning and decision making. Environmental Modelling & Software, 2007, 22(6): 761~773
[15] Hughes D A, Forsytha D A. A generic database and spatial interface for the application of hydrological and water resource models. Computers & Geosciences, 2006, 32(9): 1389~1402
[16]刘伟,郭俊.基于VB+MO贵阳市区域综合GIS应用系统开发.城市勘测, 2007, (1): 55~58
[17]孙美萍,顾海霞.基于MapObjects的陕西省公路路况信息服务系统设计与开发.中国科技信息, 2007, (2): 96~98
[18]李开伟,方源敏.基于MapObjects的区域环境规划系统的设计与实现.地矿测绘, 2006, 22(4): 20~22
[19]成筠.微计算机信息.城市生态环境质量评价软件的开发, 2007, 04: 226~227
[20]陶增才,王淑娴,童张法等.基于MapObjects2. 3开发南宁邕江水域信息管理系统.广西科学院学报, 2006, 22(4): 330~336
[21]刘光媛,聂庆华,赵明等.基于ArcIMS开发WebGIS的农业环境信息系统研究.地理空间信息, 2007, 15(1): 40~43
[22]鲍全盛,王华东,曹利军.中国河流水环境容区划研究.中国环境科学, 1996, 16(2): 87~91
[23]高艳强,杨文强.基于MapX的野生动物源管理信息系统.微计算机信息, 2007, 23(3): 19~20
[24] Matějí?ek L. A GIS-based approach to spatio-temporal analysis of environmental pollution in urban areas: A case study of Prague's environment extended by LIDAR data. Ecological Modelling, 2006, 199(3): 261~277
[25] Martin J, Bunch, Douglas J et al. Linking conceptual and simulation models of the Cooum River: collaborative development of a GIS-based DSS for environmental management. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 2004 , 28(3): 247~264
[26] Lenz R J M, Beuttler A. Experiences with GIS-based planning tool for spatial eco-balances. Environmental Modelling & Software, 2003, 18(6): 581~585
[27] Leon L F. Integration of a nonpoint source pollution model with a decision support system. Environmental Modelling & Software, 2000 , 15: 249~255
[28] Pullar D, Springer D. Towards integrating GIS and catchment models. Environmental Modelling & Software, 2000, 15: 451~459
[29] Daene C, Mckinney, Xi M C. Linking GIS and water resources management models: an object-oriented method. Environmental Modelling & Software, 2002, 17: 413~425
[30] Pollit M. Protecting lrish interest: GIS on Patrol. GIS Europe, 1994. 3(6): 18~20
[31]王伟长.地理信息系统控件(ActiveX)——MapObjects培训教程.第三版.北京:科学出版社, 2000: 26~31
[32]周玉清,黄全义,陈雪丰等.基于ArcObject的空间数据管理系统的设计与开发.地理空间信息, 2006, (2): 50~51
[33]谢松. GIS数字校园的关键技术及原则.科技广场, 2006, (8): 41~43
[34]谢海永,赵保华. Visual Basic中的界面设计原则和编程技巧.计算机世界报, 1997(15)
[35]黄波,王英杰. GIS与ES的结合及其应用初探.环境遥感, 1996, 11(3): 234~239.
[36]刘勇,井文涌.地理信息系统技术及其在环境科学中的应用.环境科学学报, 1997, 18(2): 62~65
[37]谢涌明.环境水质模型概论.北京:中国科学技术大学出版社, 1996
[38]张艳.基于NET平台和ArcGISEngine的土地利用规划信息系统的研究与开发.合肥工业大学硕士学位论文, 2007
[39] Karimi H A, Houston B H. EvaIuation Strategies for Integrating Environ-mental Models with GIS: Current Trends and Future Needs. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 1996, 20(6): 413~425
[40] Hemandez T, Nachabe M, Ross M et al. Modeling runoff from variable source areas in humid, shallow water table environments. Journal of American Water Resources Association, 2003, 39 (1): 75~86
[41]王玲,吴侃,雷兵.空间数据库辅助设计系统的探析与实现.测绘与空间地理信息, 2008(6): 101~104
[42] ESRI. ESRI Shapefile Technical Description. An ESRI White Paper, 1998