基于Multi Agents的WebGIS的研究和实践
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摘要
在全球网络化、信息数字化形势驱动下，基于互联网的地理信启、系统(GIS)为地理信息的获取、共享和发布提供了新的机遇。然而，现有的WebGIS体系结构难以满足Internet环境下GIS应用的需要，寻求新的网络GIS体系结构是高效、实时地共享广域网上分布式地理空间信息的一个重要研究方向。多智能Agent技术是发展分布式智能系统的重要方法；移动Agent作为一种新的分布式计算技术所具有的跨平台移动性、容错性等优点，能够更好地使GIS适应异构、低带宽、非稳定连接的网络环境；XML与Java技术结合起来，可有效解决WebGIS技术中传输与表达上的问题。基于以上考虑，本文将WebGIS、Multi Agents和XML／Java技术相结合，提出了基于Multi AgentS的WebGIS构想，并对有关技术问题进行了比较广泛和深入的研究。主要研究成果如下：
1、提出了基于Multi Agents技术构建WebGIS的新思路，给出了MAGIS系统的体系结构设计，即基于SVG／XML Java + Multi Agents的体系结构。其中，Multi Agents是技术核心，它是构建分布式WebGIS系统的基石。利用Agents可以克服传统的WebGIS在Internet环境下的缺陷。
2、基于Bayesian构造了MAGIS系统中的多智能Agent，建立了HCI代理、JavaBayes代理、JESS专家系统代理以及三者之间的关联。基于多智能Agent和数据挖掘设计了一决策支持系统。
3、构造了MAGIS系统中的移动Agent，即GISMAgent；针对GISMAgent的迁移问题，提出了船坞的构想，有效解决迁移失败问题。
4、提出了SVG／XML技术在MAGIS中的应用策略，建立了基于SVG／XML技术的MAGIS模型，设计了不同用户实施策略。
5、针对MAGIS系统的安全问题，设计了对主机和对GISMAgent进行保护的安全策略，并给出了MAGIS中的安全模型和安全问题的解决方案。
6、实现了一个基于多Agents的WebGIS原型系统。原型系统成功用于国家粮库信息及智能决策系统表明系统是可行的。
Under the drive of network globalization and information digitalization, Geographic Information System (GIS) based on Internet as a promising research field brings new opportunities to the ways of geographic information' s accessing, sharing and disseminating. However, the inherent limitation of current Internet GIS architectures based on connection makes them incompetent to fulfill various requirements of the coming GIS applications under dynamic, complicated and distributed computing environment such as the Mobile Internet. Seeking for new distributed computing modes of networked GIS is an important research area for sharing effectively and real timely the global distributed geographic information. The technology of Multi Intelligent Agents is important way for developing distributed intelligent system. Mobile agent as a recently developed paradigm in distributed computing can especially benefit WebGIS on providing asynchronous task execution, reducing communication bandwidth, enabling off-line processing and disconnected operation. Using XML/Java can overcome the problem of transmission and representation on WebGIS. Considering the advantages of WebGIS, Multi Agents technology and XML/JAVA standard, we propose a new paradigm in constructing WebGIS with the combination of both technologies, and further explore the related issues of its principles and techniques. Major contributions of the thesis include:1. A new paradigm of distributed WebGIS based on multi agents is proposed. The architecture of our MAGIS is presented, which is based on the techniques of SVG/XML Java and Multi Agents. The architecture is adaptable to Internet especially for Mobile Internet application environment with limited bandwidth and vulnerable connection, in which Multi agents are the kernel technology and makes it the cornerstone of constructing WebGIS. Agents are used to overcome the drawbacks of distributed systems on Internet2. Based on Bayesian Multi Intelligent Agent is built in MAGIS. HCI Agent, JavaBayes agent and JESS expert system agent are built. The relation of them is set, too. The decision system designed on Multi Intelligent Agent and data mining is built four level agent.3. Key techniques related to mobile agent (or GISMAgent, which is the mobile agent in MAGIS) building in MADGIS are explored comprehensively. Docking system is advanced, it can overcome traveling defeat effectively.4. The application strategy on MAGIS of SVG/XML is advanced. The MAGIS model Based SVG/XML is built. The implementation strategy for each user is designed.5. The security model and some security services of MAGIS are offered for hosts and GISMAgents protection.6.A prototype of MAGIS is developed based on Multi Agents. The successful running of the prototype in China grain depot information and intelligent decision system shows that MAGIS is feasible and effective.
1、提出了基于Multi Agents技术构建WebGIS的新思路，给出了MAGIS系统的体系结构设计，即基于SVG／XML Java + Multi Agents的体系结构。其中，Multi Agents是技术核心，它是构建分布式WebGIS系统的基石。利用Agents可以克服传统的WebGIS在Internet环境下的缺陷。
2、基于Bayesian构造了MAGIS系统中的多智能Agent，建立了HCI代理、JavaBayes代理、JESS专家系统代理以及三者之间的关联。基于多智能Agent和数据挖掘设计了一决策支持系统。
3、构造了MAGIS系统中的移动Agent，即GISMAgent；针对GISMAgent的迁移问题，提出了船坞的构想，有效解决迁移失败问题。
4、提出了SVG／XML技术在MAGIS中的应用策略，建立了基于SVG／XML技术的MAGIS模型，设计了不同用户实施策略。
5、针对MAGIS系统的安全问题，设计了对主机和对GISMAgent进行保护的安全策略，并给出了MAGIS中的安全模型和安全问题的解决方案。
6、实现了一个基于多Agents的WebGIS原型系统。原型系统成功用于国家粮库信息及智能决策系统表明系统是可行的。
Under the drive of network globalization and information digitalization, Geographic Information System (GIS) based on Internet as a promising research field brings new opportunities to the ways of geographic information' s accessing, sharing and disseminating. However, the inherent limitation of current Internet GIS architectures based on connection makes them incompetent to fulfill various requirements of the coming GIS applications under dynamic, complicated and distributed computing environment such as the Mobile Internet. Seeking for new distributed computing modes of networked GIS is an important research area for sharing effectively and real timely the global distributed geographic information. The technology of Multi Intelligent Agents is important way for developing distributed intelligent system. Mobile agent as a recently developed paradigm in distributed computing can especially benefit WebGIS on providing asynchronous task execution, reducing communication bandwidth, enabling off-line processing and disconnected operation. Using XML/Java can overcome the problem of transmission and representation on WebGIS. Considering the advantages of WebGIS, Multi Agents technology and XML/JAVA standard, we propose a new paradigm in constructing WebGIS with the combination of both technologies, and further explore the related issues of its principles and techniques. Major contributions of the thesis include:1. A new paradigm of distributed WebGIS based on multi agents is proposed. The architecture of our MAGIS is presented, which is based on the techniques of SVG/XML Java and Multi Agents. The architecture is adaptable to Internet especially for Mobile Internet application environment with limited bandwidth and vulnerable connection, in which Multi agents are the kernel technology and makes it the cornerstone of constructing WebGIS. Agents are used to overcome the drawbacks of distributed systems on Internet2. Based on Bayesian Multi Intelligent Agent is built in MAGIS. HCI Agent, JavaBayes agent and JESS expert system agent are built. The relation of them is set, too. The decision system designed on Multi Intelligent Agent and data mining is built four level agent.3. Key techniques related to mobile agent (or GISMAgent, which is the mobile agent in MAGIS) building in MADGIS are explored comprehensively. Docking system is advanced, it can overcome traveling defeat effectively.4. The application strategy on MAGIS of SVG/XML is advanced. The MAGIS model Based SVG/XML is built. The implementation strategy for each user is designed.5. The security model and some security services of MAGIS are offered for hosts and GISMAgents protection.6.A prototype of MAGIS is developed based on Multi Agents. The successful running of the prototype in China grain depot information and intelligent decision system shows that MAGIS is feasible and effective.
引文
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