地表水水源热泵系统节能问题及适用性研究
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摘要
随着经济和技术的发展以及能源和环境问题的日益突出,地表水源热泵空调系统将得到越来越多的关注和应用。在我国长江上游区域江河、湖泊、水库等地表水资源非常丰富,为地表水水源热泵的应用提供了优越的自然条件,然而目前地表水水源热泵的设计和应用中,还存在一些问题,输配系统能耗过大问题尤为突出,这使得水源热泵系统的节能效果降低,设计不合理的系统甚至不再节能。本文的研究旨在针对水源热泵系统能耗问题,提出降低系统能耗、提高能效的原则和方法。
本文介绍了水源热泵系统的构成,并分析了水源热泵系统各个部件的影响因素;以水源热泵综合节能实验平台为例,建立该系统热泵机组能效比模型及冷却水泵能耗模型、冷冻水泵能耗模型;并利用该试验平台对不同工况下机组能效、冷却水泵、冷冻水泵能耗进行测试,与模型计算值比较,误差较小,模型正确。基于已建立的模型,对四种不同运行模式下机组以及系统能效变化规律进行研究,得出各因素对各运行模式下机组及系统能效比的影响情况;并以系统整体能效最佳为目标,利用MATLAB软件得出各负荷率下热泵机组及水泵的最佳运行方式。
以常规空调系统(含冷却塔)为比较对象,从冷却水取水温度、取水高差,费用年值三个方面分析水源热泵系统在工程中的适用性;通过系统能耗模型得出系统能效比随冷却水取水温度和取水高差变化的关系式,并结合系统能效比的限定值(常规空调系统能效比),提出地表水水源热泵临界取水温度和取水高差的概念及计算分析方法;考虑到空调费用由初投资和运行费用组成,本文利用费用年值法对两种空调系统进行比较,得出水源热泵系统年费更小。
本论文分析冷却水进出口温差对冷却水泵能耗和热泵机组性能的影响;结合涪陵CBD水源热泵工程实例,建立冷却水泵和热泵机组能耗模型,得出总能耗最小时的冷却水最佳进出口温差,并据此得出在相同运行模式下,对比传统运行模式(冷却水进出口温差为5℃)得出其相对节能率。本论文研究提出的地表水水源热泵系统的能耗分析方法、节能措施及适用条件为地表水水源热泵系统的设计和节能运行提供了重要的理论依据。
With economic and technological development as well as energy and environmental issues have become increasingly prominent, the surface water source heat pump air conditioning system will be paid more and more attention. In China the Yangtze River basin and southern regions rivers, lakes, reservoirs and other surface water resources are very rich in the application of surface water source heat pump,so it provides a superior natural conditions, however, there are still some problems in the surface water source heat pump design and applications, especially the transmission and distribution system energy is too large, which makes water source heat pump system is not energy-saving, this study aims to address energy consumption of water source heat pump system,give the principles and methods to lower the energy consumption and improve energy efficiency of system.
This article describes the composition of water source heat pump system, and analysis the influencing factors of the various components; According to a comprehensive energy-saving water source heat pump experimental platform to establish model of heat pump and cooling water pump energy consumption, chilled water pump model, Under different operating conditions, Using the test platform to test the unit energy efficiency, cooling water pumps, chilled water pump energy consumption, Compared with the model value from the value of the error small, the model is correct.
Based on the established model, under four different operating modes ,study variation of unit and system energy efficiency. Obtain that various factors affect the situation of units and systems energy efficiency. And to the best overall system energy efficiency as the goal, has been a case study in energy-saving heat pump unit and pumps operating mode.
Compared with conventional air conditioning systems (including cooling towers) , From the water temperature, water height difference, annual cost of three aspects, analysis applicability of water source heat pump system in the project. According to energy consumption model ,to be taken for water temperature and water height difference and the relationship between energy efficiency, combined with the energy efficiency of the system limit value(Conventional air conditioning system EER), and proposed surface water source heat pump water temperature and water height difference of critical analysis of the concept and calculation method. Taking into account air conditioning costs by the composition of the initial investment and operating costs, this article use annual cost method to compare the two air conditioning systems, water source heat pump systems draw smaller annual fee.
This paper analyzes cooling water pump power consumption and heat pump performance is affected bythe import and export temperature difference of the cooling water;combined with water source heat pump engineering example-Fu Ling CBD Project,Obtained the best temperature difference of cooling water when total energy consumption reached the minimum, Under the same operating mode, relative energy saving rate of the best operation mode is worked out related to the traditional operation mode (temperature difference is 5℃). This thesis proposed surface water source heat pump energy consumption of raw water system analysis method, energy saving measures and applicable conditions for the surface water source heat pump system design and energy-saving operation to provide important theoretical basis.
本文介绍了水源热泵系统的构成,并分析了水源热泵系统各个部件的影响因素;以水源热泵综合节能实验平台为例,建立该系统热泵机组能效比模型及冷却水泵能耗模型、冷冻水泵能耗模型;并利用该试验平台对不同工况下机组能效、冷却水泵、冷冻水泵能耗进行测试,与模型计算值比较,误差较小,模型正确。基于已建立的模型,对四种不同运行模式下机组以及系统能效变化规律进行研究,得出各因素对各运行模式下机组及系统能效比的影响情况;并以系统整体能效最佳为目标,利用MATLAB软件得出各负荷率下热泵机组及水泵的最佳运行方式。
以常规空调系统(含冷却塔)为比较对象,从冷却水取水温度、取水高差,费用年值三个方面分析水源热泵系统在工程中的适用性;通过系统能耗模型得出系统能效比随冷却水取水温度和取水高差变化的关系式,并结合系统能效比的限定值(常规空调系统能效比),提出地表水水源热泵临界取水温度和取水高差的概念及计算分析方法;考虑到空调费用由初投资和运行费用组成,本文利用费用年值法对两种空调系统进行比较,得出水源热泵系统年费更小。
本论文分析冷却水进出口温差对冷却水泵能耗和热泵机组性能的影响;结合涪陵CBD水源热泵工程实例,建立冷却水泵和热泵机组能耗模型,得出总能耗最小时的冷却水最佳进出口温差,并据此得出在相同运行模式下,对比传统运行模式(冷却水进出口温差为5℃)得出其相对节能率。本论文研究提出的地表水水源热泵系统的能耗分析方法、节能措施及适用条件为地表水水源热泵系统的设计和节能运行提供了重要的理论依据。
With economic and technological development as well as energy and environmental issues have become increasingly prominent, the surface water source heat pump air conditioning system will be paid more and more attention. In China the Yangtze River basin and southern regions rivers, lakes, reservoirs and other surface water resources are very rich in the application of surface water source heat pump,so it provides a superior natural conditions, however, there are still some problems in the surface water source heat pump design and applications, especially the transmission and distribution system energy is too large, which makes water source heat pump system is not energy-saving, this study aims to address energy consumption of water source heat pump system,give the principles and methods to lower the energy consumption and improve energy efficiency of system.
This article describes the composition of water source heat pump system, and analysis the influencing factors of the various components; According to a comprehensive energy-saving water source heat pump experimental platform to establish model of heat pump and cooling water pump energy consumption, chilled water pump model, Under different operating conditions, Using the test platform to test the unit energy efficiency, cooling water pumps, chilled water pump energy consumption, Compared with the model value from the value of the error small, the model is correct.
Based on the established model, under four different operating modes ,study variation of unit and system energy efficiency. Obtain that various factors affect the situation of units and systems energy efficiency. And to the best overall system energy efficiency as the goal, has been a case study in energy-saving heat pump unit and pumps operating mode.
Compared with conventional air conditioning systems (including cooling towers) , From the water temperature, water height difference, annual cost of three aspects, analysis applicability of water source heat pump system in the project. According to energy consumption model ,to be taken for water temperature and water height difference and the relationship between energy efficiency, combined with the energy efficiency of the system limit value(Conventional air conditioning system EER), and proposed surface water source heat pump water temperature and water height difference of critical analysis of the concept and calculation method. Taking into account air conditioning costs by the composition of the initial investment and operating costs, this article use annual cost method to compare the two air conditioning systems, water source heat pump systems draw smaller annual fee.
This paper analyzes cooling water pump power consumption and heat pump performance is affected bythe import and export temperature difference of the cooling water;combined with water source heat pump engineering example-Fu Ling CBD Project,Obtained the best temperature difference of cooling water when total energy consumption reached the minimum, Under the same operating mode, relative energy saving rate of the best operation mode is worked out related to the traditional operation mode (temperature difference is 5℃). This thesis proposed surface water source heat pump energy consumption of raw water system analysis method, energy saving measures and applicable conditions for the surface water source heat pump system design and energy-saving operation to provide important theoretical basis.
引文
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