高风险岩溶隧道施工安全控制研究
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摘要
随着我国交通建设的发展,特别是西部大开发战略的实施,公路隧道方案在山区和丘陵地区高等级公路建设中日益引起重视,隧道的规模也是越来越长、越来越宽,技术越来越难、越复杂。由于隧道施工前期的勘查工作十分困难,难以查清隧洞沿线的水文、地质条件,这直接导致在施工期间隧道地质灾害的突发,为及时调整和处理施工中遇到的不可预测的问题,确保施工安全和工程质量,必须在及时开展隧道地质灾害超前预报工作,科学合理施工的同时,加强对隧道围岩变形的监控量测,并深入探讨隧道施工中各种地质灾害产生的原因和处理措施。
本文结合沪蓉西龙潭隧道工程实践情况,总结分析了隧道监控量测的内容、方法和数据处理,对量测中数据进行了回归分析,分析比较了对位移回归适合的函数类型,为数值正分析计算提供可靠的信息；对隧道高地应力炭质页岩大变形段的开挖和支护,采用了有限差分法进行了模拟,结合监控量测数据分析了开挖后围岩的应力场、位移场及塑性区特征,并提出了合理的整治方案；结合超前地质预报,对岩溶隧道复杂地质区域的塌方和突水涌泥等灾害的原因进行深刻的分析,并提出了合理可行的治理方案,为今后类似工程提供了参考和借鉴。
Along with the development of the transportation system of China, especially with the application of the western China development, the schemes of highways and tunnels in hilly areas high quality road construction are being more and more emphasized. The tunnels are becoming longer, wider, and the technology is becoming harder and more complicated. Because of the surveying in the early construction phrase is very difficult. It is hard to detect very clearly the water and geological conditions along the tunnel. This directly leads to the sudden occurrence of geological disaster during the tunnel construction. In order to adjust and deal with the unforeseeable problems and to make sure of the quality and safety of the project, we must launch the work of advance geological forecast about the disaster treatment in time and keep the construction arrangement justifiable while strengthening the monitoring measurement. Profound discussions on the causes and dealing measures of various of geological disasters are needed.
Based on the practice of the Hurong west Longtan tunnel engineering, this article introduces the method and data processing of monitoring measurement, researches the methods of data regression, compares the functions of displacement data regression and provided more reliable information for numerical calculating about face analysis than the other's.It uses finite difference method to model the excavation of the opening of the tunnel. It also analyses the characteristics of the stress zone, displacement zone and the plastic zone based on the data that is obtained by surveying. Many meaningful conclusions are gained. This article studied the construction ventilation technique of deep buried long and large tunnel, as well as the slipform construction of deep and large shaft well lining concrete. It also analyses the construction methods, construction technologies of the key procedures in construction. Combined with the advance geological forecast, this article has done deep analysis of the reasons for disasters such as landslide and water and mud in rush of the complex geology area of deep buried tunnel. It also introduces applicable control schemes, and provides reference for similar project in the future.
本文结合沪蓉西龙潭隧道工程实践情况,总结分析了隧道监控量测的内容、方法和数据处理,对量测中数据进行了回归分析,分析比较了对位移回归适合的函数类型,为数值正分析计算提供可靠的信息；对隧道高地应力炭质页岩大变形段的开挖和支护,采用了有限差分法进行了模拟,结合监控量测数据分析了开挖后围岩的应力场、位移场及塑性区特征,并提出了合理的整治方案；结合超前地质预报,对岩溶隧道复杂地质区域的塌方和突水涌泥等灾害的原因进行深刻的分析,并提出了合理可行的治理方案,为今后类似工程提供了参考和借鉴。
Along with the development of the transportation system of China, especially with the application of the western China development, the schemes of highways and tunnels in hilly areas high quality road construction are being more and more emphasized. The tunnels are becoming longer, wider, and the technology is becoming harder and more complicated. Because of the surveying in the early construction phrase is very difficult. It is hard to detect very clearly the water and geological conditions along the tunnel. This directly leads to the sudden occurrence of geological disaster during the tunnel construction. In order to adjust and deal with the unforeseeable problems and to make sure of the quality and safety of the project, we must launch the work of advance geological forecast about the disaster treatment in time and keep the construction arrangement justifiable while strengthening the monitoring measurement. Profound discussions on the causes and dealing measures of various of geological disasters are needed.
Based on the practice of the Hurong west Longtan tunnel engineering, this article introduces the method and data processing of monitoring measurement, researches the methods of data regression, compares the functions of displacement data regression and provided more reliable information for numerical calculating about face analysis than the other's.It uses finite difference method to model the excavation of the opening of the tunnel. It also analyses the characteristics of the stress zone, displacement zone and the plastic zone based on the data that is obtained by surveying. Many meaningful conclusions are gained. This article studied the construction ventilation technique of deep buried long and large tunnel, as well as the slipform construction of deep and large shaft well lining concrete. It also analyses the construction methods, construction technologies of the key procedures in construction. Combined with the advance geological forecast, this article has done deep analysis of the reasons for disasters such as landslide and water and mud in rush of the complex geology area of deep buried tunnel. It also introduces applicable control schemes, and provides reference for similar project in the future.
引文
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[12]王洪勇.综合超前地质预报在圆梁山隧道中的应用[J].现代隧道技术,2004,41(3)：55-60.
[13]王光权,牟元存,李正文.隧道综合地质预报技术[J].铁道建筑技术,2008,S1：508-550.
[14]李术才,薛翊国,张庆松,等.高风险岩溶地区隧道施工地质灾害综合预报预警关键技术研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(7)：1297-1307.
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[22]刘秀峰,马长青.综合超前地质预报在小坪子隧洞中的运用研究[J].铁道工程学报,2007,11：5-13.
[23]王梦恕.对岩溶地区隧道施工水文地质超前预报的意见[J].铁道勘查,2004,1：7-9.
[24]肖书安,吴世林.复杂地质条件下的隧道地质超前探测技术[J].工程地球物理学报,2004,1(2)：63～69.
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[26]王锦山,王力,曹志刚,等.厦门海底隧道综合超前地质预报实践[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(11)：2309-2317。
[27]王华,吴光,冯涛,等.渝怀线圆梁山隧道超前地质钻探预报技术应用研究[J].铁道建筑,2007,2：36-38.
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[29]荆志东.特长隧道地质超前预报方法研究[J].铁道勘察,2005,3：6-48.
[30]刘志刚,刘秀峰.断层参数预测法预报隧道断层[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(9)：1547-1550.
[31]薛翊国,李术才,张庆松,等.隧道信息化施工地质灾害预警预报技术研究[J].山东大学学报(工学版),2008,38(5)：25-30.
[32]赵永贵,刘浩,孙宇.隧道地质超前预报研究进展[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(3)：460～464.
[33]王青海,李晓红,夏彬伟,等.超前预测预报在笔架山隧道中的应用[J].岩土力学,2006,26(6)：951-954.
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