忍冬叶的生药学研究和质量标准的初步制定
|
摘要
目的:研究忍冬叶的生药学特征和内在质量,为忍冬叶药材标准的制定提供实验数据和科学依据。
方法:采用生药学的方法,对忍冬叶原植物进行了形态描述,对忍冬叶药材的外观性状和显微特征进行了观察研究。参考《中国药典》关于中药材质量标准的有关规定,对忍冬叶药材的水分、总灰分和酸不溶性灰分进行了检查;根据忍冬叶已知化学成分的性质,测定了水溶性和醇溶性浸出物的含量;采用高效液相色谱法测定了绿原酸的含量;采用傅立叶变换红外光谱法制定了忍冬叶红外指纹图谱;采用高效液相色谱法,制定了忍冬叶的指纹图谱,并同时测定了木犀草苷的含量。
结果:提出了忍冬原植物形态和忍冬叶性状鉴别特征,制定了忍冬叶优质药材的外观标准;研究出忍冬叶的组织结构以及粉末鉴别特征。初步确定了忍冬叶药材中水分含量不得过12.0%,总灰分不得过8.0%,酸不溶性灰分不得过0.80%的检查标准。初步制定了水溶性浸出物不得少于27.0%,醇溶性浸出物含量不得少于24.0%,绿原酸含量不得少于0.80%,木犀草苷含量不得少于0.12%的内在质量标准。初步确定了忍冬叶红外指纹图谱和高效液相指纹图谱。
结论:为忍冬叶药材的准确鉴定和质量标准的制定提供了科学依据和资料,也为忍冬叶的开发应用研究奠定了基础。
Objective: Study the pharmacognostical characteristics and inherent quality of medicinal materials of the leaves of Lonicera japonica, provide experimental data and scientific evidence for establishing the quality standards.
Methods: First using the Pharmacognosy methods, the external appearance of original plant, appearance of characters and microscopic characteristics of medicinal materials of the leaves of Lonicera japonica were investigated. Then, according to the Pharmacopoeia of the Peple’s Republic of China (2005 Edition) the water, ash and extract contents of the medicinal materials of the leaves of Lonicera japonica were measured, and the contents of Chlorogenic acid and luteolin glycosides were determined with the HPLC. Last,the FTIR and HPLC were adopt to establish the fingerprint of the leaves of Lonicera japonica.
Results: The external appearance of original plant and the appearance of characters were submitted, and high quality standard of characteristics of leaves of Lonicera japonica were established. The organizational structure and powder identification characteristics of leaves of Lonicera japonica were also assayed, The quality standard of leaves of Lonicera japonica requires as the following: water content should be not more than 12.0%, total ash not more than 8.0%, acid-insoluble ash not more than 0.80%, water-soluble extract not less than 27.0%,alcohol extract not less than 24.0%, chlorogenic acid not less than 0.80%, luteolin glycosides not less than 0.12%.The FTIR and HPLC fingerprinting were initially set up.
Conclusions: The research results provided theoretical evidence and data for accurately identifying and establishing the quality standard of the leaves of Lonicera japonica, and for utilizing the leaves of Lonicera japonica.
方法:采用生药学的方法,对忍冬叶原植物进行了形态描述,对忍冬叶药材的外观性状和显微特征进行了观察研究。参考《中国药典》关于中药材质量标准的有关规定,对忍冬叶药材的水分、总灰分和酸不溶性灰分进行了检查;根据忍冬叶已知化学成分的性质,测定了水溶性和醇溶性浸出物的含量;采用高效液相色谱法测定了绿原酸的含量;采用傅立叶变换红外光谱法制定了忍冬叶红外指纹图谱;采用高效液相色谱法,制定了忍冬叶的指纹图谱,并同时测定了木犀草苷的含量。
结果:提出了忍冬原植物形态和忍冬叶性状鉴别特征,制定了忍冬叶优质药材的外观标准;研究出忍冬叶的组织结构以及粉末鉴别特征。初步确定了忍冬叶药材中水分含量不得过12.0%,总灰分不得过8.0%,酸不溶性灰分不得过0.80%的检查标准。初步制定了水溶性浸出物不得少于27.0%,醇溶性浸出物含量不得少于24.0%,绿原酸含量不得少于0.80%,木犀草苷含量不得少于0.12%的内在质量标准。初步确定了忍冬叶红外指纹图谱和高效液相指纹图谱。
结论:为忍冬叶药材的准确鉴定和质量标准的制定提供了科学依据和资料,也为忍冬叶的开发应用研究奠定了基础。
Objective: Study the pharmacognostical characteristics and inherent quality of medicinal materials of the leaves of Lonicera japonica, provide experimental data and scientific evidence for establishing the quality standards.
Methods: First using the Pharmacognosy methods, the external appearance of original plant, appearance of characters and microscopic characteristics of medicinal materials of the leaves of Lonicera japonica were investigated. Then, according to the Pharmacopoeia of the Peple’s Republic of China (2005 Edition) the water, ash and extract contents of the medicinal materials of the leaves of Lonicera japonica were measured, and the contents of Chlorogenic acid and luteolin glycosides were determined with the HPLC. Last,the FTIR and HPLC were adopt to establish the fingerprint of the leaves of Lonicera japonica.
Results: The external appearance of original plant and the appearance of characters were submitted, and high quality standard of characteristics of leaves of Lonicera japonica were established. The organizational structure and powder identification characteristics of leaves of Lonicera japonica were also assayed, The quality standard of leaves of Lonicera japonica requires as the following: water content should be not more than 12.0%, total ash not more than 8.0%, acid-insoluble ash not more than 0.80%, water-soluble extract not less than 27.0%,alcohol extract not less than 24.0%, chlorogenic acid not less than 0.80%, luteolin glycosides not less than 0.12%.The FTIR and HPLC fingerprinting were initially set up.
Conclusions: The research results provided theoretical evidence and data for accurately identifying and establishing the quality standard of the leaves of Lonicera japonica, and for utilizing the leaves of Lonicera japonica.
引文
[1]肖根培.新编中药志(第二卷).北京:化学工业出版社,2002:736.
[2]国友顺一,等.生药杂志(日).1983,37(3):294.
[3]刑俊波,等.忍冬属化学成分研究概况及展望.中药材,1999,22(7):366.
[4]王建新,徐文俊.忍冬叶中黄酮化合物分析食品与生物技术学报[J],1987,2.
[5]姜洪芳,张卫明,张玖.忍冬叶黄酮类化合物的提取分离与结构鉴定[J].安徽农业科学.2008,36(27):11795～11797.
[6]国友顺一.忍冬叶的成分.国外医学.中国中医分册.1985:5(31).
[7] Hideaki Kawai,et al.Studies on the saponins of lonicera japonica Thunb.[J].Chem.Pharm.Bull.1988,36(2):4768.
[8]忍冬茎叶中的环烯醚萜.Machida K //Chem Pharm ull.2002,50(8).1041～1044.
[9]景小琦,武雪芬,雷敬卫.金银花枝叶中粗黄酮、无机元素和蛋白质含量测定[J].河南中医,2001,21(4):66～67.
[10]石钺,等.我国药用金银花资源、化学成分及药理研究进展.中国药学杂志,1999,34(11):724.
[11]江西中医药研究所.金银花叶代替金银花抗菌作用的研究[J].江西中医药,1960,(1):34.
[12]林启涛.中草药成分化学.北京:科技出版社,1977:93,146.
[13]宋广运.忍冬不同器官的绿原酸含量及体外抑菌效果[J].中药材,1985,16(5):37.
[14]阴健主编.中药现代研究与临床应用(2).北京:中医古籍出版社,1995.271.
[15]陈敏珠等.中国药理及毒理学杂志.1986,1(1):46.
[16]郑亦文等.中国药理学通报.1993,6(1):56.
[17]武雪芬,白雁.金银花叶药用成分的提取及抑菌实验研究[J].中成药, 2001,23(6):448.
[18] Song Jin Lee,et al. Antr inflammatory activity of the major constituents of Lonicera japonica[J].Arch pharm Res,1995,18(2):133.
[19]顾雅珍,等.安徽医学院学报,1985,20(1):4.
[20]戴利明,等.安徽医学院学报,1985,20(1):1.
[21]武雪芬.金银花叶提取物的抗氧化作用研究.河南化工,1999,(10):10.
[22]孙铁民,李铣.抗自由基天然活性物质研究进展.中草药,2000,3(1):191～193.
[23]汪丽燕等.中国药理学通报.1986,2(2):34.
[24]屠世忠.黄酮类化合物的生物活性[J].国外医学.药学分册,1979,(1):35.
[25]周仲达,等.半合成木犀草素的药理研究[J].中草药通讯,1979,(1):35.
[26]吕端阳,秦显达,陈斌.单味忍冬叶治疗急性腹泻21例[J].辽宁中医杂志.2003,30(4):298.
[27]苟占平,万德光.6种忍冬叶中绿原酸及总咖啡酰奎宁酸含量测定[J].中药材,2008,31(3):883～885.
[28]胡润淮,袁琦.忍冬叶不同提取工艺的研究.中国中药杂志,l999,24(9):540～542.
[29]胡润淮,袁坷,梁华龙,等.正交试验法优选忍冬叶提取工艺的研究[J].中成药,1998,20(4):6～7.
[30]李浩南,张伟敏,钟耕.忍冬叶中绿原酸提取工艺研究[J].四川食品与发酵,2006,2:52～57.
[31]喻菁,王小平,徐强.忍冬藤叶中绿原酸的提取工艺研究[J].陕西中医学院学报,2008,29(6):437～438.
[32]何钢,刘贤桂,李樊,等.金银花叶片绿原酸提取及工艺参数优化的研究[J].江西农业大学学报,2008,30(1):136～143.
[33]喻菁,王小平,徐强.忍冬藤叶中绿原酸的分离纯化工艺研究[J].时珍国医国药,2008,19(10):2379～2380.
[34]王丽婷,赵堂,杨敏丽.金银花叶中黄酮类物质的提取工艺[J].华西药学杂志, 2006,21(6):520～523.
[35]朱英,周旭侃,杜群明,等.正交试验法优化忍冬叶中总黄酮的提取工艺[J].中国医院药学杂志,2007,27(2):167～170.
[36]李志明.金银花和叶中黄酮类化合物提取工艺条件的探讨[J].喀什师范学院学报,2006,27(6):51～54.
[37]钱正明,李会军,李萍,等.高效液相色谱法测定忍冬藤和叶中8种活性成分[J].分析化学,2007,35(8):1159～1163.
[38]苟占平,万德光.6种忍冬叶中绿原酸及总咖啡酰奎宁酸含量测定[J].中药材,2008,31(3):883～885.
[39]董熙嘏,丁立,崔耀章.金银花叶中有效成分含量的研究[J].中药通报,1985,10(5):31～32.
[40]张永清.忍冬不同部位中绿原酸的含量测定[J].中国中药杂志,1996,21(4):204.
[41]武雪芬,李玉贤,魏炜,等.金银花越冬老叶有效成分测定[J].中药材,1997,1(1):6～7.
[42]林慧彬,彭广芳,钟方晓,等.山东金银花叶的质量研究[J].时珍国药研究.1997,8(2):125.
[43]肖建波,朱华,钟世安,等.反相高效液相色谱法用于地钱中黄酮类化合物的分离与测定[J].分析试验室,2005,24(4):17.
[44]景小琦,武雪芬,雷敬卫.金银花枝叶中粗黄酮、无机元素和蛋白质含量测定[J].河南中医,2001,21(4):66～67.
[45]武雪芬,李玉贤,魏炜,等.金银花越冬老叶有效成分测定[J].中药材,1997,1(1):6～7.
[46]王丽婷,杨敏丽.高效液相色谱法同时测定金银花及叶中的黄酮类物质[J].时珍国医国药,2007,18(8):1850～1851.
[47]景小琦,武雪芬,雷敬卫.金银花枝叶中粗黄酮、无机元素和蛋白质含量测定[J].河南中医,2001,21(4):66～67.
[48]梁,陶宏景编,尚志均,等辑校.本草经集注[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1994,238.
[49]梁,陶宏景编,尚志均,等辑校.名医别录[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1986,50.
[50]唐,苏敬等撰.尚志钧辑较.新修本草[M].合肥:安徽科学技术出版社,1981:178.
[51]石钱,石任兵,陆蕴如.我国药用金银花资源、化学成分及药理研究进展[J].中国药学杂志,1999,34(11):724.
[52]明,李时珍.本草纲目.校点本.第2册.北京:人民卫生出版社.1977:1334.
[53]清,汪昂本草备要[M].上海:商务印书馆.1955,122.
[54]清,严西亭,施谁宁,洪缉庵.得配本草[M].上海:上海卫生出版社,1957,16.
[55]清,吴仪洛.本草从新[M].北京:北京市中国书店,1985.
[56]清,皇宫.本草求真[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1979,260.
[57]梁,陶宏景编,尚志均,等辑校.名医别录[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1986,50.
[58]明,卢之颐.本草乘雅半倡[Ml.校点本.北京:人民卫生出版社,1986,444.
[59]明,李时珍.本草纲目.校点本.第2册.北京:人民卫生出版社,1977:1334.
[60]清,杨时泰.本草述钩元[M].上海:科技卫生出版社,1958,34.
[61]明,卢之颐.本草乘雅半倡[Ml.校点本.北京:人民卫生出版社,1986,444.
[62]梁,陶宏景编,尚志均,等辑校.名医别录[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1986,50.
[63]宋.王介撰.郑金生考校.履峨岩本草[M].
[64]石钱,石任兵,陆蕴如.我国药用金银花资源、化学成分及药理研究进展[J].中国药学杂志,1999,34(11):724.
[65]明,李时珍.本草纲目.校点本.第2册.北京:人民卫生出版社,1977:1334.
[66]毛理娜,罗予,宋建兵,等.忍冬叶与忍冬花体外抗菌作用研究[J].中医药学刊,2004,22(12):2203.
[67]黄喜茹,刘伟娜,曹冬.金银花的化学成分药理作用研究评析[J].医药学刊,2005,23(3):418～419.
[68]何显忠,兰荣德.金银花的药理作用于临床应用[J].时珍国医国药,2004.
[69]马双成,刘燕,毕培曦等.金银花药材中抗呼吸道病毒感染的黄酮类成分的定量研究[J].药物分析杂志,2006,26(4):426～430.
[70]钱正明,李会军,李萍,等.高效液相色谱法测定忍冬藤和叶中8种活性成分[J].分析化学,2007,35(8):1159～1163.
[2]国友顺一,等.生药杂志(日).1983,37(3):294.
[3]刑俊波,等.忍冬属化学成分研究概况及展望.中药材,1999,22(7):366.
[4]王建新,徐文俊.忍冬叶中黄酮化合物分析食品与生物技术学报[J],1987,2.
[5]姜洪芳,张卫明,张玖.忍冬叶黄酮类化合物的提取分离与结构鉴定[J].安徽农业科学.2008,36(27):11795～11797.
[6]国友顺一.忍冬叶的成分.国外医学.中国中医分册.1985:5(31).
[7] Hideaki Kawai,et al.Studies on the saponins of lonicera japonica Thunb.[J].Chem.Pharm.Bull.1988,36(2):4768.
[8]忍冬茎叶中的环烯醚萜.Machida K //Chem Pharm ull.2002,50(8).1041～1044.
[9]景小琦,武雪芬,雷敬卫.金银花枝叶中粗黄酮、无机元素和蛋白质含量测定[J].河南中医,2001,21(4):66～67.
[10]石钺,等.我国药用金银花资源、化学成分及药理研究进展.中国药学杂志,1999,34(11):724.
[11]江西中医药研究所.金银花叶代替金银花抗菌作用的研究[J].江西中医药,1960,(1):34.
[12]林启涛.中草药成分化学.北京:科技出版社,1977:93,146.
[13]宋广运.忍冬不同器官的绿原酸含量及体外抑菌效果[J].中药材,1985,16(5):37.
[14]阴健主编.中药现代研究与临床应用(2).北京:中医古籍出版社,1995.271.
[15]陈敏珠等.中国药理及毒理学杂志.1986,1(1):46.
[16]郑亦文等.中国药理学通报.1993,6(1):56.
[17]武雪芬,白雁.金银花叶药用成分的提取及抑菌实验研究[J].中成药, 2001,23(6):448.
[18] Song Jin Lee,et al. Antr inflammatory activity of the major constituents of Lonicera japonica[J].Arch pharm Res,1995,18(2):133.
[19]顾雅珍,等.安徽医学院学报,1985,20(1):4.
[20]戴利明,等.安徽医学院学报,1985,20(1):1.
[21]武雪芬.金银花叶提取物的抗氧化作用研究.河南化工,1999,(10):10.
[22]孙铁民,李铣.抗自由基天然活性物质研究进展.中草药,2000,3(1):191～193.
[23]汪丽燕等.中国药理学通报.1986,2(2):34.
[24]屠世忠.黄酮类化合物的生物活性[J].国外医学.药学分册,1979,(1):35.
[25]周仲达,等.半合成木犀草素的药理研究[J].中草药通讯,1979,(1):35.
[26]吕端阳,秦显达,陈斌.单味忍冬叶治疗急性腹泻21例[J].辽宁中医杂志.2003,30(4):298.
[27]苟占平,万德光.6种忍冬叶中绿原酸及总咖啡酰奎宁酸含量测定[J].中药材,2008,31(3):883～885.
[28]胡润淮,袁琦.忍冬叶不同提取工艺的研究.中国中药杂志,l999,24(9):540～542.
[29]胡润淮,袁坷,梁华龙,等.正交试验法优选忍冬叶提取工艺的研究[J].中成药,1998,20(4):6～7.
[30]李浩南,张伟敏,钟耕.忍冬叶中绿原酸提取工艺研究[J].四川食品与发酵,2006,2:52～57.
[31]喻菁,王小平,徐强.忍冬藤叶中绿原酸的提取工艺研究[J].陕西中医学院学报,2008,29(6):437～438.
[32]何钢,刘贤桂,李樊,等.金银花叶片绿原酸提取及工艺参数优化的研究[J].江西农业大学学报,2008,30(1):136～143.
[33]喻菁,王小平,徐强.忍冬藤叶中绿原酸的分离纯化工艺研究[J].时珍国医国药,2008,19(10):2379～2380.
[34]王丽婷,赵堂,杨敏丽.金银花叶中黄酮类物质的提取工艺[J].华西药学杂志, 2006,21(6):520～523.
[35]朱英,周旭侃,杜群明,等.正交试验法优化忍冬叶中总黄酮的提取工艺[J].中国医院药学杂志,2007,27(2):167～170.
[36]李志明.金银花和叶中黄酮类化合物提取工艺条件的探讨[J].喀什师范学院学报,2006,27(6):51～54.
[37]钱正明,李会军,李萍,等.高效液相色谱法测定忍冬藤和叶中8种活性成分[J].分析化学,2007,35(8):1159～1163.
[38]苟占平,万德光.6种忍冬叶中绿原酸及总咖啡酰奎宁酸含量测定[J].中药材,2008,31(3):883～885.
[39]董熙嘏,丁立,崔耀章.金银花叶中有效成分含量的研究[J].中药通报,1985,10(5):31～32.
[40]张永清.忍冬不同部位中绿原酸的含量测定[J].中国中药杂志,1996,21(4):204.
[41]武雪芬,李玉贤,魏炜,等.金银花越冬老叶有效成分测定[J].中药材,1997,1(1):6～7.
[42]林慧彬,彭广芳,钟方晓,等.山东金银花叶的质量研究[J].时珍国药研究.1997,8(2):125.
[43]肖建波,朱华,钟世安,等.反相高效液相色谱法用于地钱中黄酮类化合物的分离与测定[J].分析试验室,2005,24(4):17.
[44]景小琦,武雪芬,雷敬卫.金银花枝叶中粗黄酮、无机元素和蛋白质含量测定[J].河南中医,2001,21(4):66～67.
[45]武雪芬,李玉贤,魏炜,等.金银花越冬老叶有效成分测定[J].中药材,1997,1(1):6～7.
[46]王丽婷,杨敏丽.高效液相色谱法同时测定金银花及叶中的黄酮类物质[J].时珍国医国药,2007,18(8):1850～1851.
[47]景小琦,武雪芬,雷敬卫.金银花枝叶中粗黄酮、无机元素和蛋白质含量测定[J].河南中医,2001,21(4):66～67.
[48]梁,陶宏景编,尚志均,等辑校.本草经集注[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1994,238.
[49]梁,陶宏景编,尚志均,等辑校.名医别录[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1986,50.
[50]唐,苏敬等撰.尚志钧辑较.新修本草[M].合肥:安徽科学技术出版社,1981:178.
[51]石钱,石任兵,陆蕴如.我国药用金银花资源、化学成分及药理研究进展[J].中国药学杂志,1999,34(11):724.
[52]明,李时珍.本草纲目.校点本.第2册.北京:人民卫生出版社.1977:1334.
[53]清,汪昂本草备要[M].上海:商务印书馆.1955,122.
[54]清,严西亭,施谁宁,洪缉庵.得配本草[M].上海:上海卫生出版社,1957,16.
[55]清,吴仪洛.本草从新[M].北京:北京市中国书店,1985.
[56]清,皇宫.本草求真[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1979,260.
[57]梁,陶宏景编,尚志均,等辑校.名医别录[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1986,50.
[58]明,卢之颐.本草乘雅半倡[Ml.校点本.北京:人民卫生出版社,1986,444.
[59]明,李时珍.本草纲目.校点本.第2册.北京:人民卫生出版社,1977:1334.
[60]清,杨时泰.本草述钩元[M].上海:科技卫生出版社,1958,34.
[61]明,卢之颐.本草乘雅半倡[Ml.校点本.北京:人民卫生出版社,1986,444.
[62]梁,陶宏景编,尚志均,等辑校.名医别录[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1986,50.
[63]宋.王介撰.郑金生考校.履峨岩本草[M].
[64]石钱,石任兵,陆蕴如.我国药用金银花资源、化学成分及药理研究进展[J].中国药学杂志,1999,34(11):724.
[65]明,李时珍.本草纲目.校点本.第2册.北京:人民卫生出版社,1977:1334.
[66]毛理娜,罗予,宋建兵,等.忍冬叶与忍冬花体外抗菌作用研究[J].中医药学刊,2004,22(12):2203.
[67]黄喜茹,刘伟娜,曹冬.金银花的化学成分药理作用研究评析[J].医药学刊,2005,23(3):418～419.
[68]何显忠,兰荣德.金银花的药理作用于临床应用[J].时珍国医国药,2004.
[69]马双成,刘燕,毕培曦等.金银花药材中抗呼吸道病毒感染的黄酮类成分的定量研究[J].药物分析杂志,2006,26(4):426～430.
[70]钱正明,李会军,李萍,等.高效液相色谱法测定忍冬藤和叶中8种活性成分[J].分析化学,2007,35(8):1159～1163.