轮古7地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩缝洞系统精细研究
摘要
地震勘探经过多年的攻关,大幅度提高了地震资料的品质,不断完善了现代岩溶理论指导下的岩溶地震解释技术,在塔里木盆地碳酸盐岩的勘探过程中轮古潜山奥陶系取得了非常显著的效果。虽然岩溶理论与勘探技术系列得到了长足的进步,但由于碳酸盐岩极强的非均质性导致古潜山缝洞型岩溶储层标定、解释、预测及油气聚集规律等方面的研究都具相当难度,所以尽管岩溶储层的钻遇率达到100%,但油气的高产稳产率仍不高。
本文首先结合现代岩溶理论,以类似于“储层编码”的形式来表达不同的储层类型及其发育程度,精细地标定出不同类型储层对应的地震反射特征;同时对本区储层类型、控制因素及分布特征等进行了分析,在此基础上利用三维地震资料丰富的地震信息,通过对地震信息进行波阻抗反演、分频、相干等多种计算,优选出了识别缝洞的优势属性;以三维可视化雕刻技术为基础,将不同岩溶发育段的裂缝、溶洞在三维空间内精细的雕刻出来;最后结合岩溶发育规律、储层发育情况和钻探情况对目标区碳酸盐岩岩溶储层进行缝洞系统的划分,并对其进行了综合评价,寻找出最有利的缝洞储集体发育区,同时对成功与失利井进行了分析,确定了高效井位的优选原则,并提供了钻探的措施建议。
整体上本文通过轮古7地区碳酸盐岩的研究,形成了一套针对碳酸盐岩储集体识别和储层预测的技术系列,为塔里木盆地碳酸盐岩研究提供了一套可参考的思路和方法。
After years of tackling the key problems in the seismic exploration, the data quality of seismic is improved greatly and modern karst theory under the guidance of karst the technology explanation is continually consummated .With the process of exploration in the tarim basin the carbonate rocks in Lungu buried hill Ordovician has achieved very significant effect. Although karst theory and exploration technology has made remarkable progress, the studies of the buried hill hole in the seam of the direction and explanations, predictions and stripes gathering of the study is rather difficult because of the heterosphere of the carbolic rocks.Although karst of drill rates reaching to 100%, the gas and oil output steady rate is still not high.
Firstly, combined with modern karst theory, the seismic reflection characteristics of different reservoir types are finely calibrated, Secondly, calculating seismic impedance inversion, frequency, coherence, reflecting strength .etc by making fully use rich seismic information in 3D seismic data,Optimize advantageous properties of fracture. Based three-dimensional visualization carving technology, with the longitudinal section, plane banding ,various karst section of the crack , cave in 3-D space such as surface karst zone, vertical percolation zone and runoff erosion sculpture. Finally, with the geological, logging and oil testing data, comprehensive analysis of the bore, hole, joint and combined features of karst system, the type of carbonate karst reservoir, spatial distribution , and storage space ,ultimately divide the fractured systems of carbonate karst reservoir in the target area and make comprehensive evaluation of fractured reservoirs, to find the most favorable fractured reservoirs and provide drill targets.
In the whole , the studies of carbonate rocks in LunGu7 forms a technology series for carbonate reservoir identification and prediction and provide a set of ideas and methods for the carbonate rocks in the Tarim Basin.
本文首先结合现代岩溶理论,以类似于“储层编码”的形式来表达不同的储层类型及其发育程度,精细地标定出不同类型储层对应的地震反射特征;同时对本区储层类型、控制因素及分布特征等进行了分析,在此基础上利用三维地震资料丰富的地震信息,通过对地震信息进行波阻抗反演、分频、相干等多种计算,优选出了识别缝洞的优势属性;以三维可视化雕刻技术为基础,将不同岩溶发育段的裂缝、溶洞在三维空间内精细的雕刻出来;最后结合岩溶发育规律、储层发育情况和钻探情况对目标区碳酸盐岩岩溶储层进行缝洞系统的划分,并对其进行了综合评价,寻找出最有利的缝洞储集体发育区,同时对成功与失利井进行了分析,确定了高效井位的优选原则,并提供了钻探的措施建议。
整体上本文通过轮古7地区碳酸盐岩的研究,形成了一套针对碳酸盐岩储集体识别和储层预测的技术系列,为塔里木盆地碳酸盐岩研究提供了一套可参考的思路和方法。
After years of tackling the key problems in the seismic exploration, the data quality of seismic is improved greatly and modern karst theory under the guidance of karst the technology explanation is continually consummated .With the process of exploration in the tarim basin the carbonate rocks in Lungu buried hill Ordovician has achieved very significant effect. Although karst theory and exploration technology has made remarkable progress, the studies of the buried hill hole in the seam of the direction and explanations, predictions and stripes gathering of the study is rather difficult because of the heterosphere of the carbolic rocks.Although karst of drill rates reaching to 100%, the gas and oil output steady rate is still not high.
Firstly, combined with modern karst theory, the seismic reflection characteristics of different reservoir types are finely calibrated, Secondly, calculating seismic impedance inversion, frequency, coherence, reflecting strength .etc by making fully use rich seismic information in 3D seismic data,Optimize advantageous properties of fracture. Based three-dimensional visualization carving technology, with the longitudinal section, plane banding ,various karst section of the crack , cave in 3-D space such as surface karst zone, vertical percolation zone and runoff erosion sculpture. Finally, with the geological, logging and oil testing data, comprehensive analysis of the bore, hole, joint and combined features of karst system, the type of carbonate karst reservoir, spatial distribution , and storage space ,ultimately divide the fractured systems of carbonate karst reservoir in the target area and make comprehensive evaluation of fractured reservoirs, to find the most favorable fractured reservoirs and provide drill targets.
In the whole , the studies of carbonate rocks in LunGu7 forms a technology series for carbonate reservoir identification and prediction and provide a set of ideas and methods for the carbonate rocks in the Tarim Basin.
引文
[1]陈广坡.碳酸盐岩岩溶型储层地质模型及储层预测[D] .成都理工大学, 2009
[2]张进铎.轮南古潜山碳酸盐岩储层地震属性雕刻研究[D] .吉林大学, 2005
[3]何镜宇,孟祥化.沉积岩和沉积相模式及建造[M].北京:地质出版社,1987
[4]任明达等.现代沉积环境概论[M].科学出版社, 1985: 35-80
[5]戴东林.沉积岩石学[M].中国工业出版社, 1965: 46-132
[6]刘宝琚.沉积岩石学[M].地质出版社, 1980: 38-89
[7]方邺森、任磊夫.沉积岩石学教程[M].地质出版社, 1987: 15-50
[8]业治铮等.石灰岩的结构分类[M].地质论评,第5期, 1964: 65-70
[9] Charlie Kerans. Carbonate Depositional Systems and Sequence Stratigraphy for Reservoir Characterization[Z]. Huston: Carbonate Seminar of BGP, 2008
[10] Folk R.L., 1962,Spectral subdivision of limestone types. In: Ham W.E. (ed), 1962: Classification of carbonate rocks, AAPG Mem. No.1, p.62-84
[11] Dham R.J. 1962: Classification of carbonate rocks according to depositionaltexture. In: Ham W.E. (ed), 1962: Classification of carbonate rocks, AAPG Mem. No.1, p.108-121
[12]赵澄林,朱筱敏.沉积岩石学[M].北京:石油工业出版社, 2001.8
[13]李明,侯连华,邹才能.岩性地层油气藏地球物理勘探技术与应用[M] .北京:石油工业出版社,2005
[14] Kurt J.Marfurt等.周巍译.用基于相似的相干算法计算三维地震属性[J] .石油物探译丛,1996.6:22-46
[15]安海亭.塔北隆起英买力地区火成岩储层预测与圈闭研究[D] .东营:中国石油大学,2008
[16]王焕弟.岩性油气藏地球物理勘探技术与应用[D] .北京:中国地质大学,2005
[17]董臣强,王军,张金伟等.时频分析技术在三角洲层序分析中的应用[J] .断块油气田,2002,9(2):18-20
[18]朱庆荣,张跃迁,于兴河等.分频解释技术在表征储层中的应用[J] .矿物岩石,2003,23(3):104-108
[19]张小芳,杨小川,杨平.分频解释技术在塔里木盆地某区块的应用[J] .大庆石油学院学报(增刊),2009,33:112-115
[20]张奎凤,蓝晖.短时窗地震信号谱分析方法.石油物探,1995,34(2):94-98
[21] GregPartyka,James Gridley,Jphn Lopez.Interpret at ional application of spectral decomposition in reservoir characterization.The Leading Edge,1999, 18(3): 353- 360
[22]新平.叠前地震反演方法综述[J] .内蒙古石油化工,2009,(14).
[23]孙晶梅.地震反演与地震反演理论[A] .油气地球物理技术进展.第74届SEG年会论文摘要[C],2005
[24]张文起.地震反演在储层预测中的应用[D] .中国地质大学,2006
[2]张进铎.轮南古潜山碳酸盐岩储层地震属性雕刻研究[D] .吉林大学, 2005
[3]何镜宇,孟祥化.沉积岩和沉积相模式及建造[M].北京:地质出版社,1987
[4]任明达等.现代沉积环境概论[M].科学出版社, 1985: 35-80
[5]戴东林.沉积岩石学[M].中国工业出版社, 1965: 46-132
[6]刘宝琚.沉积岩石学[M].地质出版社, 1980: 38-89
[7]方邺森、任磊夫.沉积岩石学教程[M].地质出版社, 1987: 15-50
[8]业治铮等.石灰岩的结构分类[M].地质论评,第5期, 1964: 65-70
[9] Charlie Kerans. Carbonate Depositional Systems and Sequence Stratigraphy for Reservoir Characterization[Z]. Huston: Carbonate Seminar of BGP, 2008
[10] Folk R.L., 1962,Spectral subdivision of limestone types. In: Ham W.E. (ed), 1962: Classification of carbonate rocks, AAPG Mem. No.1, p.62-84
[11] Dham R.J. 1962: Classification of carbonate rocks according to depositionaltexture. In: Ham W.E. (ed), 1962: Classification of carbonate rocks, AAPG Mem. No.1, p.108-121
[12]赵澄林,朱筱敏.沉积岩石学[M].北京:石油工业出版社, 2001.8
[13]李明,侯连华,邹才能.岩性地层油气藏地球物理勘探技术与应用[M] .北京:石油工业出版社,2005
[14] Kurt J.Marfurt等.周巍译.用基于相似的相干算法计算三维地震属性[J] .石油物探译丛,1996.6:22-46
[15]安海亭.塔北隆起英买力地区火成岩储层预测与圈闭研究[D] .东营:中国石油大学,2008
[16]王焕弟.岩性油气藏地球物理勘探技术与应用[D] .北京:中国地质大学,2005
[17]董臣强,王军,张金伟等.时频分析技术在三角洲层序分析中的应用[J] .断块油气田,2002,9(2):18-20
[18]朱庆荣,张跃迁,于兴河等.分频解释技术在表征储层中的应用[J] .矿物岩石,2003,23(3):104-108
[19]张小芳,杨小川,杨平.分频解释技术在塔里木盆地某区块的应用[J] .大庆石油学院学报(增刊),2009,33:112-115
[20]张奎凤,蓝晖.短时窗地震信号谱分析方法.石油物探,1995,34(2):94-98
[21] GregPartyka,James Gridley,Jphn Lopez.Interpret at ional application of spectral decomposition in reservoir characterization.The Leading Edge,1999, 18(3): 353- 360
[22]新平.叠前地震反演方法综述[J] .内蒙古石油化工,2009,(14).
[23]孙晶梅.地震反演与地震反演理论[A] .油气地球物理技术进展.第74届SEG年会论文摘要[C],2005
[24]张文起.地震反演在储层预测中的应用[D] .中国地质大学,2006