自激振荡流热管被动强化传热特性研究
|
摘要
随着高新技术的发展,许多设备单位面积热负荷越来越高。而这些承受高热负荷场合又常常需要冷却,并要求换热设备小型或微型化。传统热管因微型化将受到携带极限限制而面临挑战,自激振荡流热管的应用有望解决这一技术难题。
本论文针对回路型自激振荡流热管的热传输特性,运用实验研究的方法,率先从被动强化传热的角度出发,通过自激振荡流热管分别采用非均匀截面结构、不等径结构、管内工质为Cu-H2O纳米流体时的热传输功率以及对壁面温度特性的对比分析,研究其热传输及自激强化传热特性。在此基础上,运用理论分析的方法,对自激振荡流热管内的物理过程进行合理的简化,构建其内部流动及传热的数学模型,通过计算和对比分析,研究其热传输及自激强化传热特性。
实验自激振荡流热管材料为黄铜,总垂直高度480mm。其中,冷凝段150mm,加热段和绝热段共330mm,总弯头数8个,热管倾角55°。非均匀截面结构是在内径3mm等截面热管基础上,将加热段和绝热段加工成垂直交错布置、断面为椭圆形结构型式,工质为蒸馏水,充液率为42%。不等径结构同样是在内径3mm等截面热管基础上,将热管中部相间管段变成内径1mm的结构型式。其中,不等径段长度220mm,工质为蒸馏水,充液率74.5%。工质为Cu-H2O纳米流体的热管内径2mm, Cu-H2O纳米流体的充液率分别为40%、43%、58%、60%、67%,Cu粉体积份额分别对应1.0%、0.50%、0.30%、0.10%、0.05%。
实验研究得到的主要结论：
(1)自激振荡流热管采用非均匀截面结构可以起到强化传热的作用,但加热功率必须要达到使热管的循环动力足以克服非均匀截面所造成的流动阻力。
(2)自激振荡流热管采用不等径结构可以达到强化传热的目的,在中等热负荷情况下,强化传热效果比较明显,尤其是热源在变径区域的情况。
(3)Cu-H2O纳米流体作为自激振荡流热管工质,在很大程度上可以起到强化传热的作用,但只是辅助性的,而决定其热传输功率的关键因素应是充液率。
理论分析方面,主要研究管径、充液率、冷热端温差等因素对管内工质的受力、传热及振荡特性的影响。考虑到前期实验研究工作具体情况,理论研究重点放在加热段传热特性的计算分析上,而被动强化传热特性主要针对非均匀截面结构进行了研究。通过对比分析,理论计算结果与相对应的实验研究结论基本符合。
结合下一步的研究工作,对自激振荡流热管技术在太阳能热利用、电子元器件散热以及低温余热回收等领域的应用进行了探讨。
With the development of modern new high-technology, higher and higher thermal requirement per unit on many devices is demanded because of the miniaturization or microminiaturization of cooling or heat exchanging equipments in the high heat load situation. Traditional heat pipe is facing the challenge for the micro-sized devices, and the application of self-exciting mode oscillating-flow heat pipe is expected to solve this technical problem.
In this paper, experiment is performed to investigate the characteristics of heat transfer and Self-Exciting enhanced heat transfer of the looped uniform SEMOS HP. The heat transfer characteristics were analyzed by comparing the wall temperatures of the SEMOS Heat Pipe with uniform structure, non-uniform structure, and the pipe with Cu-H2O nano-fluids as thermal exchanging medium. Then, by using theoretical analysis, it simplifies the physical process of SEMOS HP and builds the internal flow and heat transfer mathematical model, and then qualitative research also has been done on heat transfer and Self-Exciting enhanced heat transfer characteristics by calculating and comparing analysis.
In the experiment, the material of self-excited oscillation flow heat pipe was brass, the total vertical height was 480mm, and the condensation section was 150mm, heating and insulation section were 330mm in all, the total numbers of elbows is 8, and heat pipe inclination is 55°. Non-uniform cross-section structure is based on the uniform cross-section heat pipe with 3mm internal diameter, the heating and insulation section is changed into vertical segment staggered layout, the cross-section was oval-shaped structure, the working fluid inside the heat pipe was high-purity distilled water, filling rate of working fluids was 42%. For the non-uniform heat pipe, the main part diameter is 3mm also, the central tube sections is changed into lmm diameter. The length of the non-uniform section was 220mm; the working fluid was high-purity distilled water, filled rate 74.5%. For the Cu-H2O nano-fluid heat pipe, the inner diameter of 2mm, Cu-H2O fluid-filled nano-fluid rates is 40%,43%,58%, 60%,67%, the volume fraction of Cu were 1.0%,0.50%,0.30%,0.10%,0.05%, respectively.
The main conclusions of experimental research:
(1) Self-excited oscillation flow heat pipe using non-uniform cross-section structure can achieve the purpose of enhancement of heat transfer, but the heating power must be high enough, so that the circulation power can overcome the flow resistance caused by the non-uniform cross-section.
(2) The non-uniform structure self-excited oscillation flow heat pipe can enhance heat transfer performance, this effect is much better on medium heat requirement and especially the heat source is located in non-uniform structure section.
(3) Cu-H2O nano-fluid as self-excited oscillation heat pipe working fluid can also help to enhance heat transfer, but complementary, the key factor to determine its heat transfer performance should be the filling rate.
The target of this theoretical analysis is to investigate the working fluid stress, heat transfer and the performance oscillation influenced by diameter, the rate of fluid-filled, temperature difference between the hot and cold-side and so on. The emphasis is the calculation and analysis of heat transfer characteristics of heating section. For passive enhanced heat transfer, the studies focus on calculation and analysis for the non-uniform section. Through comparative analysis theoretical calculation results tallied basically with the corresponding experimental conclusion.
Combined with the next step researches, the applications of self-excited oscillation flow heat pipe on solar thermal technology, electronic components heat transfer and low temperature waste heat recovery are discussed.
本论文针对回路型自激振荡流热管的热传输特性,运用实验研究的方法,率先从被动强化传热的角度出发,通过自激振荡流热管分别采用非均匀截面结构、不等径结构、管内工质为Cu-H2O纳米流体时的热传输功率以及对壁面温度特性的对比分析,研究其热传输及自激强化传热特性。在此基础上,运用理论分析的方法,对自激振荡流热管内的物理过程进行合理的简化,构建其内部流动及传热的数学模型,通过计算和对比分析,研究其热传输及自激强化传热特性。
实验自激振荡流热管材料为黄铜,总垂直高度480mm。其中,冷凝段150mm,加热段和绝热段共330mm,总弯头数8个,热管倾角55°。非均匀截面结构是在内径3mm等截面热管基础上,将加热段和绝热段加工成垂直交错布置、断面为椭圆形结构型式,工质为蒸馏水,充液率为42%。不等径结构同样是在内径3mm等截面热管基础上,将热管中部相间管段变成内径1mm的结构型式。其中,不等径段长度220mm,工质为蒸馏水,充液率74.5%。工质为Cu-H2O纳米流体的热管内径2mm, Cu-H2O纳米流体的充液率分别为40%、43%、58%、60%、67%,Cu粉体积份额分别对应1.0%、0.50%、0.30%、0.10%、0.05%。
实验研究得到的主要结论：
(1)自激振荡流热管采用非均匀截面结构可以起到强化传热的作用,但加热功率必须要达到使热管的循环动力足以克服非均匀截面所造成的流动阻力。
(2)自激振荡流热管采用不等径结构可以达到强化传热的目的,在中等热负荷情况下,强化传热效果比较明显,尤其是热源在变径区域的情况。
(3)Cu-H2O纳米流体作为自激振荡流热管工质,在很大程度上可以起到强化传热的作用,但只是辅助性的,而决定其热传输功率的关键因素应是充液率。
理论分析方面,主要研究管径、充液率、冷热端温差等因素对管内工质的受力、传热及振荡特性的影响。考虑到前期实验研究工作具体情况,理论研究重点放在加热段传热特性的计算分析上,而被动强化传热特性主要针对非均匀截面结构进行了研究。通过对比分析,理论计算结果与相对应的实验研究结论基本符合。
结合下一步的研究工作,对自激振荡流热管技术在太阳能热利用、电子元器件散热以及低温余热回收等领域的应用进行了探讨。
With the development of modern new high-technology, higher and higher thermal requirement per unit on many devices is demanded because of the miniaturization or microminiaturization of cooling or heat exchanging equipments in the high heat load situation. Traditional heat pipe is facing the challenge for the micro-sized devices, and the application of self-exciting mode oscillating-flow heat pipe is expected to solve this technical problem.
In this paper, experiment is performed to investigate the characteristics of heat transfer and Self-Exciting enhanced heat transfer of the looped uniform SEMOS HP. The heat transfer characteristics were analyzed by comparing the wall temperatures of the SEMOS Heat Pipe with uniform structure, non-uniform structure, and the pipe with Cu-H2O nano-fluids as thermal exchanging medium. Then, by using theoretical analysis, it simplifies the physical process of SEMOS HP and builds the internal flow and heat transfer mathematical model, and then qualitative research also has been done on heat transfer and Self-Exciting enhanced heat transfer characteristics by calculating and comparing analysis.
In the experiment, the material of self-excited oscillation flow heat pipe was brass, the total vertical height was 480mm, and the condensation section was 150mm, heating and insulation section were 330mm in all, the total numbers of elbows is 8, and heat pipe inclination is 55°. Non-uniform cross-section structure is based on the uniform cross-section heat pipe with 3mm internal diameter, the heating and insulation section is changed into vertical segment staggered layout, the cross-section was oval-shaped structure, the working fluid inside the heat pipe was high-purity distilled water, filling rate of working fluids was 42%. For the non-uniform heat pipe, the main part diameter is 3mm also, the central tube sections is changed into lmm diameter. The length of the non-uniform section was 220mm; the working fluid was high-purity distilled water, filled rate 74.5%. For the Cu-H2O nano-fluid heat pipe, the inner diameter of 2mm, Cu-H2O fluid-filled nano-fluid rates is 40%,43%,58%, 60%,67%, the volume fraction of Cu were 1.0%,0.50%,0.30%,0.10%,0.05%, respectively.
The main conclusions of experimental research:
(1) Self-excited oscillation flow heat pipe using non-uniform cross-section structure can achieve the purpose of enhancement of heat transfer, but the heating power must be high enough, so that the circulation power can overcome the flow resistance caused by the non-uniform cross-section.
(2) The non-uniform structure self-excited oscillation flow heat pipe can enhance heat transfer performance, this effect is much better on medium heat requirement and especially the heat source is located in non-uniform structure section.
(3) Cu-H2O nano-fluid as self-excited oscillation heat pipe working fluid can also help to enhance heat transfer, but complementary, the key factor to determine its heat transfer performance should be the filling rate.
The target of this theoretical analysis is to investigate the working fluid stress, heat transfer and the performance oscillation influenced by diameter, the rate of fluid-filled, temperature difference between the hot and cold-side and so on. The emphasis is the calculation and analysis of heat transfer characteristics of heating section. For passive enhanced heat transfer, the studies focus on calculation and analysis for the non-uniform section. Through comparative analysis theoretical calculation results tallied basically with the corresponding experimental conclusion.
Combined with the next step researches, the applications of self-excited oscillation flow heat pipe on solar thermal technology, electronic components heat transfer and low temperature waste heat recovery are discussed.
引文
[1]庄 骏,张 红.2010年热管技术展望[J].化工机械,1998,25(1)：44-49
[2]吴晓敏,朱竞飞,王维城.小热管强化传热的研究[J].工程热物理学报,2004,25(2)： 299-301
[3]向艳超,侯增祺,张加迅.环路热管技术(LHP)的发展现状[J].工程热物理学报,2004,25(4)：682-684
[4]曲 燕.环路热管技术的研究热点和发展趋势[J].低温技术,2009,37(2)：7-14
[5]张 红,庄 骏.热管内部强化传热安全及寿命的研究[J].南京化工大学学报,1999,21(1)：68-73
[6]范春利,曲 伟,孙丰瑞.微小型热管的研究现状与进展[J].电子器件,2004,27(1) ： 211-216
[7]马永锡,张 红.电子器件发热与冷却技术[J].化工进展,2006,25(6)：670-674
[8]H Akachi. Looped Capillary Tube Heat Pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 71th General Meeting Conference of JSME, Tokyo, Japan,1994
[9]H Akachi, F Polasek, P Stulc. Pulsating Heat Pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 5th International Heat Pipe Symposium, Melbourne, Australia,1996:208-217
[10]Nishio S, Nagata S, Kubota T. Study on thermal performance of SEMOS heat pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 39th National Heat Transfer Symposium, Sapporo, Japan,2002
[11]马永锡,张 红,庄 骏.振荡热管—一种新型独特的传热元件[J].化工进展,2004,23(9)：1008-1013
[12]林梓荣,汪双凤,吴小辉.脉动热管技术研究进展[J].化工进展,2008,27(10)：1526-1532
[13]刘利华.闭式环路型自激振荡热管的实验研究进展[J].制冷学报,2008,29(1) ： 1-7
[14]崔晓钰,黄万鹏,翁建华,马虎根.振荡热管研究进展及展望[J].电子机械工程,2009,25(1)：6-12
[15]Lee W H. Flow visualization of oscillating capillary tube heat pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 11th International Heat Pipe Conference, Tokyo, Japan,1999
[16]Hosoda M, Nishio S, Shirakashi R. Study of Meandering Closed-Loop Heat-Transport Device (Vapor-Plug Propagation Phenomena) [J]. JSME International Journal,1999,42 (4):737-744
[17]Tong B Y, Wong T N. Closed-Loop Pulsating Heat Pipe[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2001,21 (18):1845-1862
[18]杨蔚原,张正芳,马同泽.脉动热管运行的可视化实验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2001,22(6)：117-120
[19]Zhang Yuwen, Faghri A. Heat Transfer in a Pulsating Heat Pipe with Open End[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2002,45(4):755-764
[20]曲 伟,马同泽.脉动热管的工质流动和传热特性实验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2002,23(9)：596-598
[21]Khandekar S, Charoensawan P, Groll M, et al. Closed Loop Pulsating Heat Pipes Part B:Visualization and Semi-Empirical Modeling[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2003,23 (16):2021-2033
[22]曹小林,席战利,周 晋,晏 刚.脉动热管运行可视化及传热与流动特性的实验研究[J].热能与动力工程,2004,19(4)：411-415
[23]曹小林,周 晋,晏 刚.脉动热管的结构改进及其传热特性的实验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2004,25(5)：807-809
[24]杨洪海,Khandekar Sameer, Groll Manfred.单回路闭式脉动热管内流型的实验研究[J].流体机械,2007,35(1)：60-63
[25]曹小林,王 伟,陈 杰,等.环路型脉动热管的工质流动和传热特性实验研究[J].热科学与技术,2007,9(1)：56-59
[26]徐荣吉,王瑞祥,丛 伟,等.脉动热管实验台的搭建及可视化实验研究[J].流体机械,2007,35(6)：59-61
[27]尹大燕,贾 力.振荡热管管内流型对传热性能的影响[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2007,15(3)：363-368
[28]傅烈虎.脉动热管传热性能实验研究[J].制冷,2008,27(2)：7-11
[29]李惊涛,韩振兴,李志宏,等.脉动热管运行和传热特性的可视化实验研究[J].现代化工,2008,28(11)： 68-72
[30]Maezawa S, Gi K, Minamisawa A, et al. Thermal Performance of Capillary Tube Thermosyphon[C]. Proceedings of the 9th International Heat Pipe Conference, Albuquerque, New Mexico,1995
[31]Maezawa S, Nakajima R, Gi K, et al. Experimental Study on Chaotic Behavior of Thermohydraulic Oscillation in Oscillating Thermosyphon[C]. Proceedings of the 5th International Heat Pipe Symposium, Melbourne, Australia,1996
[32]Gi K. Cooling of Notebook PC by Oscillating Heat Pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 10th International Heat Pipe Conference, Stuttgart, Germany,1997
[33]K Gi, S Maezawa. CPU Cooling of Notebook PC by Oscillating Heat Pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 11th International Heat Pipe Conference, Tokyo, Japan,1999:166-169
[34]Charoensawan P, Khandekar S, Groll M, et al. Closed Loop Pulsating Heat Pipes-Part A:Parametric Experimental Investigations[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2003,23 (8):2009-2020
[35]Rittidech S, Terdtoon P, Murakami M, et al. Correlation to Predict Heat Transfer Characteristics of a Closed-End Oscillating Heat Pipe at Normal Operating Condition[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2003,23(4):497-510
[36]Rittidech S, Pipatpaiboon N, Terdtoon P. Heat-Transfer Characteristics of a Closed-Loop Oscillating Heat-Pipe with Check Valves[J]. Applied Energy, 2007,84 (5):565-577
[37]Qu W, Ma H B. Theoretical Analysis of Startup of a Pulsating Heat Pipe[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2007,51 (6): 2309-2316
[38]曲 伟,周 岩,马鸿斌.尺度效应对脉动热管启动和运行的影响[J].工程热物理学报,2007,28(1)：140-142
[39]刘利华,张光玉,姜守忠,等.定壁温闭式环路型自激振荡热管传热性能的实验研究[J].流体机械,2008,36(4)：58-62
[40]Charoensawan P, Terdtoon P. Effect of Inclination Angle, Filling Ratios and Total Length on Heat Transfer Characteristic of a Closed-Loop Oscillating Heat Pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 6th International Heat Pipe Symposium, Chiang Mai, Thailand,2000
[41]Shafii M B, Faghri A, Zhang Y W. Thermal modeling of unlooped and looped pulsating heat pipes[J]. ASME Journal of Heat Transfer,2001,123 (6) 1159-1172
[42]徐进良,张显明,施慧烈.脉冲热管中的热力型脉动现象及实验测量[J].自然科学进展,2004,14(4)：436-441
[43]张显明,徐进良,施慧烈.倾斜角度及加热方式对脉冲热管传热性能的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(11)：222-227
[44]曲 伟,周 岩,马同泽.高功率脉动热管的流动和传热特性[J].工程热物理学报,2007,28(2)：328-330
[45]Miyazaki Y, Akachi H. Heat transfer characteristics of looped capillary heat pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 5th International Heat Pipe Symposium, Australia: Melbourne,1996:378-383
[46]Miyazaki Y. Oscillatory Flow in the Oscillating Heat Pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 11th International Heat Pipe Conference, Tokyo, Japan,1999
[47]Gi K, Sato F, Maezawa S. Flow Visualization Experiment on Oscillating Heat Pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 11th International Heat Pipe Conference, Tokyo, Japan 1999:149-153
[48]崔晓钰,翁建华,M. Groll.铜／水振荡热管传热特性的实验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2003,24(9)：864-866
[49]崔晓钰,翁建华,葛志松,M. Groll.铜-水振荡热管的传热特性[J].上海交通大学学报,2004,38(7)：1188-1192
[50]杨洪海,韩洪达,Groll Manfred.倾斜角及充液率对脉动热管运行性能的影响[J].动力工程,2009,29(2)：159-162
[51]Katpradit T, Wongratanaphisan T, Terdtoon P, et al. Correlation to Predict Heat Transfer Characteristics of a Closed End Oscillating Heat Pipe at Critical State[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2005,25 (15):2138-2151
[52]汪双凤,西尾茂文.加热段冷却段长度分配对脉动热管性能的影响fJl.华
南理工大学学报,2007,26(11)：59-62
[53]Kawara Z, Takahashi O, Serizawa A et al. Visualization of Flow in Heat Pipe by Proton Radiography[C]. Proceeding of the 24th Visualization and Information Symposium, Osaka, Japan,1996
[54]李惊涛,李志宏,韩振兴,等.脉动热管流型的电容层析成像识别及热管换热特性[J].动力工程,2009,29(1)：73-77
[55]冼海珍,商福民,刘登瀛,杨勇平,杜小泽.自激振荡流热管脉冲加热强化传热实验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2006,27(3)：457-459
[56]冼海珍,刘登瀛,商福民,杨勇平,杜小泽.脉冲加热对振荡流热管传热性能的影响[J].工程热物理学报,2008,29(8)：1363-1366
[57]冼海珍,刘登瀛,商福民,杨勇平,杜小泽.声空化强化振荡流热管传热实验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2007,28(3)：508-510
[58]商福民,冼海珍,刘登瀛,杜小泽,杨勇平.自激振荡流热管变截面结构强化传热实验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2006,27(4)：638-640
[59]商福民,刘登瀛,冼海珍,杨勇平.非均匀截面自激振荡流热管内热输运特性实验研究[J].热能动力工程,2007,22(2)：201-204
[60]商福民,刘登瀛,冼海珍,杨勇平,杜小泽.自激振荡流热管内Cu-水纳米流体传热特性实验研究[J].动力工程,2007,27(2)：233-236
[61]商福民,刘登瀛,冼海珍,杨勇平,杜小泽.振荡热管内不同形态纳米颗粒流动及传热特性[J].化工学报,2007,58(9)：2200-2204
[62]商福民,刘登瀛,冼海珍,杨勇平,杜小泽,陈国华.采用不等径结构自激振荡流热管实现强化传热[J].动力工程,2008,28(1)：100-103
[63]商福民,刘登瀛,冼海珍,杨勇平,杜小泽.不同加热位置对振荡热管传热性能的影响[J].工程热物理学报,2008,29(10)：1731-1734
[64]周 岩,曲 伟.脉动热管的毛细管结构和尺度效应实验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2007,28(4)：646-648
[65]周 岩,曲 伟.微小型脉动热管的传热性能实验研究[J].中国科学院研究生院学报,2007,24(4)：425-430
[66]T Fukuda, T Nagasaki, Y Ito. Heat Transport Characteristics of Pulsating Heat Pipes with Non-uniform Cross Section[C]. Proceedings of the 45th Heat Transfer Conference, Tokyo, Japan,2008:347-348
[67]Kang S W, Wei W C, Tsai S H, Yang S Y. Experimental Investigation of Silver Nano-Fluid on Heat Pipe thermal Performance[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2006,26 (17):2377-2382
[68]李启明,彭晓峰,王补宣.纳米流体振荡热管内部流动和传热特性[J].工程热物理学报,2008,29(3)：479-481
[69]Lin Y H, Kang S W, Chen H L. Effect of Silver Nano-Fluid on Pulsating Heat Pipe Thermal Performance[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2008,28(12): 1312-1317
[70]胡建军,徐进良.汞-水混合工质脉动热管实验研究[J].化工学报,2008,59(5)：1083-1090
[71]冯剑超,曲 伟.纳米流体脉动热管的性能实验[J].中国科学院研究生院学报,2009,26(1)：50-56
[72]Choi S. Enhancing Thermal Conductivity of Fluids with nanoparticles[C]. Proceedings of the 1995 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, San, Francisco,1995
[73]李 强,宣益民.纳米流体强化导热系数机理初步分析[J].热能动力工程,2002,17(102)：568-571
[74]任俊,沈健,卢寿慈.颗粒分散科学与技术[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2005
[75]高濂,孙 静,刘阳桥.纳米粉体的分散及表面改性[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2003
[76]宣益民,李 强.纳米流体强化传热研究[J].工程热物理学报,2000,21(4)：466-470
[77]李 强,宣益民.纳米流体对流换热的实验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2002,23(6)：721-723
[78]K Yoshino, K Takahashi. Design and Fabrication of a Bubble-driven Micro
Loop for Thermal Management[C]. Proceedings of the 39th Heat Transfer Conference, Tokyo, Japan,2002:16-18
[79]过增元.对流换热的物理机制及其控制：速度场与温度场的协同[J].科学通报,2000,45(19)：2118-2122
[80]Zuo Z J, North M T. Miniature High Heat Flux Heat Pipes for Cooling Electronics[C]. Proceedings of the SEE 2000, Hong Kong,2000:753-579
[81]T N Wong, B Y Tong, S M Lim and K T Ooi. Theoretical Modeling of Pulsating Heat Pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 11th International Heat Pipe Conference, Tokyo, Japan,1999:159-165
[82]R T Dobson, T M Harms. Lumped Parameter Analysis of Closed and Open Oscillatory Heat Pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 11th International Heat Pipe Conference, Tokyo, Japan,1999:137-142
[83]Swanepoel G, Taylor A, Dobson R. Theoretical Modeling of Pulsating Heat Pipes[C]. Proceedings of International Heat Pipe Symposium, Chiang Mai, 2000:227-234
[84]Shafii M B, Faghri A, Zhang Y. Thermal Modeling of Unlooped and Looped Pulsating Heat Pipe[J]. ASME Journal of Heat Transfer,2001,123 (6): 1159-1172
[85]Zhang Y, Faghri A. Heat Transfer in a Pulsating Heat Pipe with Open End[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2002,45(4):755-764
[86]Sakulchangsatjatai P, Terdtoon P, Wongratanaphisan T, et al. Operation Modeling of Closed-End and Closed-Loop Oscillating Heat Pipes at Normal Operating Condition[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2004,24(7):995-1008
[87]马永锡,张 红,苏 磊.振荡热管内的振荡及传热传质特性[J].化工学报,2005,56(12)：2265-2270
[88]Maezawa S, et al. Experimental Study on Chaotic Behavior of Thermo Hydraulic Oscillation in Oscillating Thermo Siphon[C]. Preprints of the 5th International Heat Pipe Symposium, Melbourne,1996:17-20
[89]Maezawa S, Sato F, Gi K. Chaotic Dynamics of Looped Oscillating Heat Pipes[C]. Preprints of the 6th International Heat Pipe Symposium, Chiang Mai, 2000:5-9
[90]宋延熙,徐进良.脉冲热管温度时间序列的非线性混沌分析[J].化工学报,2008,59(10)：2470-2477
[91]S Khandekar, P Charoensawan, M Groll et al. Closed Loop Pulsating Heat Pipes-Part B:Visualization and Semi-Empirical Modeling[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2003,23 (16):2021-2033
[92]S Rittidech, P Terdtoon, M Murakami, et al. Correlation to Predict Heat Transfer Characteristics of a Closed-End Oscillating Heat Pipe at Normal Operating Condition[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2003,23 (4):497-510
[93]S Rittidech, N Pipatpaiboon, P Terdtoon. Heat-Transfer Characteristics of a Closed-Loop Oscillating Heat-Pipe with Check Valves[J]. Applied Energy, 2007,84 (5):565-577
[94]T Katpradit, T Wongratanaphisan, P Terdtoon, et al. Correlation to Predict Heat Transfer Characteristics of a Closed End Oscillating Heat Pipe at Critical State[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2005,25 (14):2012-2022
[95]S Khandedar, X Cui, M Groll. Thermal Performance Modeling of Pulsating Heat Pipes by Artificial Neural Network[C]. Proceedings of the 12th International Heat Pipe Conference, Moscow, Russia,2002:215-219
[96]崔晓钰,翁建华,M. Groll.基于神经网络的振荡热管传热性能建模[J].化工学报,2003,54(9)：1319-1322
[97]曲 伟,范春利,马同泽.脉动热管的接触角滞后和毛细滞后阻力[J].工程热物理学报,2003,24(3)：301-303
[98]曲 伟,马同泽.环路型脉动热管的稳定运行机制[J].工程热物理学报,2004,25(2)：323-325
[99]Wang X F, Zhang N L. Numerical Analysis of Heat Transfer in Pulsating Turbulent Flow in a Pipe[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2005,9:3957-3970
[100]Wang S F, Nishio S. Heat Transfer Performance of a Closed Oscillating Heat pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 13th International Heat Transfer Conferece, Sydney, Australia,2006
[101]Wang S F, Nishio S. Study on Heat Transport Characteristic of Closed Loop SEMOS Heat Pipe[C]. ASME Summer Heat Transfer Conference, San Francisco, USA,2005
[102]苏 磊,张 红,庄 骏.回路振荡热管运行机理探讨[J].浙江海洋学院学报,2004,23(2)：126-129
[103]马永锡,张 红.振荡热管当量导热系数的理论推导与分析[J].化学工程,2006,34(10)：17-20
[104]Y Zhang, A faghri, M B Shafii. Analysis of Liquid-Vapor Pulsating Flow in a U-Shaped Miniature Tube[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2002,45 (12):4501-4508
[105]杨蔚原,张正芳,马同泽.回路型脉动热管运行与传热[J].上海交通大学学报,2003,37(9)：1398-1401
[106]Sameer Khandekar, Manfred Groll. An Insight into Thermo-Hydrodynamic Coupling in Closed Loop Pulsating Heat Pipe[J]. International Journal of Thermal Sciences,2004,43 (15):13-20
[107]马永锡,张 红.振荡热管传热性能的试验设计与多因素分析[J].热能动力工程,2005,20(6)：571-574
[108]Masafumi Katsuta, Ahmad Jalilvand, Yuji Homma, Kouichiro Saito. The Study of Effects of Acceleration-Induced Body Forces on the Performance Characteristics of a Plate Micro Heat Pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 41st Heat Transfer Conference, Tokyo, Japan,2004,5:337-338
[109]Wook Hyun Lee, Hyun Suck Jung, Jung Hoon Kim, and Jong Joo Soo Kim. Flow Visualization of Oscillating Capillary Tube Heat Pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 1 lth International Heat Pipe Conference, Tokyo, Japan,1999:131-136
[110]V M Kiseev, K A Zolkin. The Influence of Acceleration on The Performance of Oscillating Heat Pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 11th International Heat Pipe Conference, Tokyo, Japan,1999:154-158
[111]Yoshiro Miyazaki, Masayuki Arikawa. Oscillatory Flow in the Oscillating Heat Pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 11th International Heat Pipe Conference, Tokyo, Japan,1999:143-148
[112]Keiyo Gi, Fumiaki Sato, Saburo Maezawa. Flow Visualization Experiment on Oscillating Heat Pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 11th International Heat Pipe Conference, Tokyo, Japan,1999:149-153
[113]Yuwen Zhang, Amir Faghri. Oscillatory Flow in Pulsating Heat Pipes with Arbitrary Numbers of Turns[J]. Journal of Thermo physics and Heat Transfer, 2003,17 (3):340-347
[114]R T Dobson. Theoretical and Experimental Modeling of an Open Oscillatory Heat Pipe Including Gravity[C]. Proceedings of the 12th International Heat Pipe Conference, Moscow, Russia,2002:209-214
[115]V Borisov, V Buz, A Coba, I Kuznetzov, A Zacharchenko. Modeling and Experimentation of Pulsating Heat Pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 12th International Heat Pipe Conference, Moscow, Russia,2002:220-225
[116]C Kleinstreuer, Z Zhang. Targeted Drug Aerosol Deposition Analysis for a Four-Generation Lung Airway Model With Hemispherical Tumors[J]. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering,2003,12 (5):197-206
[117]#12
[118]#12
[119]#12
[120]#12
[121]Chen J C. Correlation for Boiling Heat Transfer to Saturated Fluids in Convective Flow[J]. Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev,1966,5(3):322-339
[122]过增元,黄素逸.场协同原理与强化传热新技术[M].北京：中国电力出版社,2004
[123]郭清华,夏 斐.太阳能集热板在平改坡屋面中的应用[J].施工技术,2007,8(46)： 33-35
[124]Rittidech S, Wannapakne S. Experimental Study of the Performance of a Solar Collector by Closed-end Oscillating Heat Pipe[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2007,27 (12):1978-1985
[125]Akachi H, Miyazaki Y Stereo-Type Heat Lane Heat Sink[C]. Proceedings of the 10th International Heat Pipe Conferences, Stuttgart, German,1997
[126]Rittidech S, Dangeton W, Soponronnarit S. Closed-Ended Oscillating Heat-Pipe (CEOHP) Air-Preheater for Energy Thrift in a Dryer[J]. Applied Energy,2005,81 (2):198-208
[127]Katoh T, Amako K, Akachi H. New heat conductor for avionics cooling[C]. Proceedings of the 11th International Heat Pipe Conference, Tokyo, Japan,1999
[128]Kim J S, Im Y B, Kim Y S, et al. Development of the Under-Floor Heating System Using Oscillating Capillary Tube Heat Pipe[J]. Journal of the Japan Association for Heat Pipes,2003,21:1-8
[2]吴晓敏,朱竞飞,王维城.小热管强化传热的研究[J].工程热物理学报,2004,25(2)： 299-301
[3]向艳超,侯增祺,张加迅.环路热管技术(LHP)的发展现状[J].工程热物理学报,2004,25(4)：682-684
[4]曲 燕.环路热管技术的研究热点和发展趋势[J].低温技术,2009,37(2)：7-14
[5]张 红,庄 骏.热管内部强化传热安全及寿命的研究[J].南京化工大学学报,1999,21(1)：68-73
[6]范春利,曲 伟,孙丰瑞.微小型热管的研究现状与进展[J].电子器件,2004,27(1) ： 211-216
[7]马永锡,张 红.电子器件发热与冷却技术[J].化工进展,2006,25(6)：670-674
[8]H Akachi. Looped Capillary Tube Heat Pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 71th General Meeting Conference of JSME, Tokyo, Japan,1994
[9]H Akachi, F Polasek, P Stulc. Pulsating Heat Pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 5th International Heat Pipe Symposium, Melbourne, Australia,1996:208-217
[10]Nishio S, Nagata S, Kubota T. Study on thermal performance of SEMOS heat pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 39th National Heat Transfer Symposium, Sapporo, Japan,2002
[11]马永锡,张 红,庄 骏.振荡热管—一种新型独特的传热元件[J].化工进展,2004,23(9)：1008-1013
[12]林梓荣,汪双凤,吴小辉.脉动热管技术研究进展[J].化工进展,2008,27(10)：1526-1532
[13]刘利华.闭式环路型自激振荡热管的实验研究进展[J].制冷学报,2008,29(1) ： 1-7
[14]崔晓钰,黄万鹏,翁建华,马虎根.振荡热管研究进展及展望[J].电子机械工程,2009,25(1)：6-12
[15]Lee W H. Flow visualization of oscillating capillary tube heat pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 11th International Heat Pipe Conference, Tokyo, Japan,1999
[16]Hosoda M, Nishio S, Shirakashi R. Study of Meandering Closed-Loop Heat-Transport Device (Vapor-Plug Propagation Phenomena) [J]. JSME International Journal,1999,42 (4):737-744
[17]Tong B Y, Wong T N. Closed-Loop Pulsating Heat Pipe[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2001,21 (18):1845-1862
[18]杨蔚原,张正芳,马同泽.脉动热管运行的可视化实验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2001,22(6)：117-120
[19]Zhang Yuwen, Faghri A. Heat Transfer in a Pulsating Heat Pipe with Open End[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2002,45(4):755-764
[20]曲 伟,马同泽.脉动热管的工质流动和传热特性实验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2002,23(9)：596-598
[21]Khandekar S, Charoensawan P, Groll M, et al. Closed Loop Pulsating Heat Pipes Part B:Visualization and Semi-Empirical Modeling[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2003,23 (16):2021-2033
[22]曹小林,席战利,周 晋,晏 刚.脉动热管运行可视化及传热与流动特性的实验研究[J].热能与动力工程,2004,19(4)：411-415
[23]曹小林,周 晋,晏 刚.脉动热管的结构改进及其传热特性的实验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2004,25(5)：807-809
[24]杨洪海,Khandekar Sameer, Groll Manfred.单回路闭式脉动热管内流型的实验研究[J].流体机械,2007,35(1)：60-63
[25]曹小林,王 伟,陈 杰,等.环路型脉动热管的工质流动和传热特性实验研究[J].热科学与技术,2007,9(1)：56-59
[26]徐荣吉,王瑞祥,丛 伟,等.脉动热管实验台的搭建及可视化实验研究[J].流体机械,2007,35(6)：59-61
[27]尹大燕,贾 力.振荡热管管内流型对传热性能的影响[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2007,15(3)：363-368
[28]傅烈虎.脉动热管传热性能实验研究[J].制冷,2008,27(2)：7-11
[29]李惊涛,韩振兴,李志宏,等.脉动热管运行和传热特性的可视化实验研究[J].现代化工,2008,28(11)： 68-72
[30]Maezawa S, Gi K, Minamisawa A, et al. Thermal Performance of Capillary Tube Thermosyphon[C]. Proceedings of the 9th International Heat Pipe Conference, Albuquerque, New Mexico,1995
[31]Maezawa S, Nakajima R, Gi K, et al. Experimental Study on Chaotic Behavior of Thermohydraulic Oscillation in Oscillating Thermosyphon[C]. Proceedings of the 5th International Heat Pipe Symposium, Melbourne, Australia,1996
[32]Gi K. Cooling of Notebook PC by Oscillating Heat Pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 10th International Heat Pipe Conference, Stuttgart, Germany,1997
[33]K Gi, S Maezawa. CPU Cooling of Notebook PC by Oscillating Heat Pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 11th International Heat Pipe Conference, Tokyo, Japan,1999:166-169
[34]Charoensawan P, Khandekar S, Groll M, et al. Closed Loop Pulsating Heat Pipes-Part A:Parametric Experimental Investigations[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2003,23 (8):2009-2020
[35]Rittidech S, Terdtoon P, Murakami M, et al. Correlation to Predict Heat Transfer Characteristics of a Closed-End Oscillating Heat Pipe at Normal Operating Condition[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2003,23(4):497-510
[36]Rittidech S, Pipatpaiboon N, Terdtoon P. Heat-Transfer Characteristics of a Closed-Loop Oscillating Heat-Pipe with Check Valves[J]. Applied Energy, 2007,84 (5):565-577
[37]Qu W, Ma H B. Theoretical Analysis of Startup of a Pulsating Heat Pipe[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2007,51 (6): 2309-2316
[38]曲 伟,周 岩,马鸿斌.尺度效应对脉动热管启动和运行的影响[J].工程热物理学报,2007,28(1)：140-142
[39]刘利华,张光玉,姜守忠,等.定壁温闭式环路型自激振荡热管传热性能的实验研究[J].流体机械,2008,36(4)：58-62
[40]Charoensawan P, Terdtoon P. Effect of Inclination Angle, Filling Ratios and Total Length on Heat Transfer Characteristic of a Closed-Loop Oscillating Heat Pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 6th International Heat Pipe Symposium, Chiang Mai, Thailand,2000
[41]Shafii M B, Faghri A, Zhang Y W. Thermal modeling of unlooped and looped pulsating heat pipes[J]. ASME Journal of Heat Transfer,2001,123 (6) 1159-1172
[42]徐进良,张显明,施慧烈.脉冲热管中的热力型脉动现象及实验测量[J].自然科学进展,2004,14(4)：436-441
[43]张显明,徐进良,施慧烈.倾斜角度及加热方式对脉冲热管传热性能的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(11)：222-227
[44]曲 伟,周 岩,马同泽.高功率脉动热管的流动和传热特性[J].工程热物理学报,2007,28(2)：328-330
[45]Miyazaki Y, Akachi H. Heat transfer characteristics of looped capillary heat pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 5th International Heat Pipe Symposium, Australia: Melbourne,1996:378-383
[46]Miyazaki Y. Oscillatory Flow in the Oscillating Heat Pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 11th International Heat Pipe Conference, Tokyo, Japan,1999
[47]Gi K, Sato F, Maezawa S. Flow Visualization Experiment on Oscillating Heat Pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 11th International Heat Pipe Conference, Tokyo, Japan 1999:149-153
[48]崔晓钰,翁建华,M. Groll.铜／水振荡热管传热特性的实验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2003,24(9)：864-866
[49]崔晓钰,翁建华,葛志松,M. Groll.铜-水振荡热管的传热特性[J].上海交通大学学报,2004,38(7)：1188-1192
[50]杨洪海,韩洪达,Groll Manfred.倾斜角及充液率对脉动热管运行性能的影响[J].动力工程,2009,29(2)：159-162
[51]Katpradit T, Wongratanaphisan T, Terdtoon P, et al. Correlation to Predict Heat Transfer Characteristics of a Closed End Oscillating Heat Pipe at Critical State[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2005,25 (15):2138-2151
[52]汪双凤,西尾茂文.加热段冷却段长度分配对脉动热管性能的影响fJl.华
南理工大学学报,2007,26(11)：59-62
[53]Kawara Z, Takahashi O, Serizawa A et al. Visualization of Flow in Heat Pipe by Proton Radiography[C]. Proceeding of the 24th Visualization and Information Symposium, Osaka, Japan,1996
[54]李惊涛,李志宏,韩振兴,等.脉动热管流型的电容层析成像识别及热管换热特性[J].动力工程,2009,29(1)：73-77
[55]冼海珍,商福民,刘登瀛,杨勇平,杜小泽.自激振荡流热管脉冲加热强化传热实验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2006,27(3)：457-459
[56]冼海珍,刘登瀛,商福民,杨勇平,杜小泽.脉冲加热对振荡流热管传热性能的影响[J].工程热物理学报,2008,29(8)：1363-1366
[57]冼海珍,刘登瀛,商福民,杨勇平,杜小泽.声空化强化振荡流热管传热实验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2007,28(3)：508-510
[58]商福民,冼海珍,刘登瀛,杜小泽,杨勇平.自激振荡流热管变截面结构强化传热实验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2006,27(4)：638-640
[59]商福民,刘登瀛,冼海珍,杨勇平.非均匀截面自激振荡流热管内热输运特性实验研究[J].热能动力工程,2007,22(2)：201-204
[60]商福民,刘登瀛,冼海珍,杨勇平,杜小泽.自激振荡流热管内Cu-水纳米流体传热特性实验研究[J].动力工程,2007,27(2)：233-236
[61]商福民,刘登瀛,冼海珍,杨勇平,杜小泽.振荡热管内不同形态纳米颗粒流动及传热特性[J].化工学报,2007,58(9)：2200-2204
[62]商福民,刘登瀛,冼海珍,杨勇平,杜小泽,陈国华.采用不等径结构自激振荡流热管实现强化传热[J].动力工程,2008,28(1)：100-103
[63]商福民,刘登瀛,冼海珍,杨勇平,杜小泽.不同加热位置对振荡热管传热性能的影响[J].工程热物理学报,2008,29(10)：1731-1734
[64]周 岩,曲 伟.脉动热管的毛细管结构和尺度效应实验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2007,28(4)：646-648
[65]周 岩,曲 伟.微小型脉动热管的传热性能实验研究[J].中国科学院研究生院学报,2007,24(4)：425-430
[66]T Fukuda, T Nagasaki, Y Ito. Heat Transport Characteristics of Pulsating Heat Pipes with Non-uniform Cross Section[C]. Proceedings of the 45th Heat Transfer Conference, Tokyo, Japan,2008:347-348
[67]Kang S W, Wei W C, Tsai S H, Yang S Y. Experimental Investigation of Silver Nano-Fluid on Heat Pipe thermal Performance[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2006,26 (17):2377-2382
[68]李启明,彭晓峰,王补宣.纳米流体振荡热管内部流动和传热特性[J].工程热物理学报,2008,29(3)：479-481
[69]Lin Y H, Kang S W, Chen H L. Effect of Silver Nano-Fluid on Pulsating Heat Pipe Thermal Performance[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2008,28(12): 1312-1317
[70]胡建军,徐进良.汞-水混合工质脉动热管实验研究[J].化工学报,2008,59(5)：1083-1090
[71]冯剑超,曲 伟.纳米流体脉动热管的性能实验[J].中国科学院研究生院学报,2009,26(1)：50-56
[72]Choi S. Enhancing Thermal Conductivity of Fluids with nanoparticles[C]. Proceedings of the 1995 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, San, Francisco,1995
[73]李 强,宣益民.纳米流体强化导热系数机理初步分析[J].热能动力工程,2002,17(102)：568-571
[74]任俊,沈健,卢寿慈.颗粒分散科学与技术[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2005
[75]高濂,孙 静,刘阳桥.纳米粉体的分散及表面改性[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2003
[76]宣益民,李 强.纳米流体强化传热研究[J].工程热物理学报,2000,21(4)：466-470
[77]李 强,宣益民.纳米流体对流换热的实验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2002,23(6)：721-723
[78]K Yoshino, K Takahashi. Design and Fabrication of a Bubble-driven Micro
Loop for Thermal Management[C]. Proceedings of the 39th Heat Transfer Conference, Tokyo, Japan,2002:16-18
[79]过增元.对流换热的物理机制及其控制：速度场与温度场的协同[J].科学通报,2000,45(19)：2118-2122
[80]Zuo Z J, North M T. Miniature High Heat Flux Heat Pipes for Cooling Electronics[C]. Proceedings of the SEE 2000, Hong Kong,2000:753-579
[81]T N Wong, B Y Tong, S M Lim and K T Ooi. Theoretical Modeling of Pulsating Heat Pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 11th International Heat Pipe Conference, Tokyo, Japan,1999:159-165
[82]R T Dobson, T M Harms. Lumped Parameter Analysis of Closed and Open Oscillatory Heat Pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 11th International Heat Pipe Conference, Tokyo, Japan,1999:137-142
[83]Swanepoel G, Taylor A, Dobson R. Theoretical Modeling of Pulsating Heat Pipes[C]. Proceedings of International Heat Pipe Symposium, Chiang Mai, 2000:227-234
[84]Shafii M B, Faghri A, Zhang Y. Thermal Modeling of Unlooped and Looped Pulsating Heat Pipe[J]. ASME Journal of Heat Transfer,2001,123 (6): 1159-1172
[85]Zhang Y, Faghri A. Heat Transfer in a Pulsating Heat Pipe with Open End[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2002,45(4):755-764
[86]Sakulchangsatjatai P, Terdtoon P, Wongratanaphisan T, et al. Operation Modeling of Closed-End and Closed-Loop Oscillating Heat Pipes at Normal Operating Condition[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2004,24(7):995-1008
[87]马永锡,张 红,苏 磊.振荡热管内的振荡及传热传质特性[J].化工学报,2005,56(12)：2265-2270
[88]Maezawa S, et al. Experimental Study on Chaotic Behavior of Thermo Hydraulic Oscillation in Oscillating Thermo Siphon[C]. Preprints of the 5th International Heat Pipe Symposium, Melbourne,1996:17-20
[89]Maezawa S, Sato F, Gi K. Chaotic Dynamics of Looped Oscillating Heat Pipes[C]. Preprints of the 6th International Heat Pipe Symposium, Chiang Mai, 2000:5-9
[90]宋延熙,徐进良.脉冲热管温度时间序列的非线性混沌分析[J].化工学报,2008,59(10)：2470-2477
[91]S Khandekar, P Charoensawan, M Groll et al. Closed Loop Pulsating Heat Pipes-Part B:Visualization and Semi-Empirical Modeling[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2003,23 (16):2021-2033
[92]S Rittidech, P Terdtoon, M Murakami, et al. Correlation to Predict Heat Transfer Characteristics of a Closed-End Oscillating Heat Pipe at Normal Operating Condition[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2003,23 (4):497-510
[93]S Rittidech, N Pipatpaiboon, P Terdtoon. Heat-Transfer Characteristics of a Closed-Loop Oscillating Heat-Pipe with Check Valves[J]. Applied Energy, 2007,84 (5):565-577
[94]T Katpradit, T Wongratanaphisan, P Terdtoon, et al. Correlation to Predict Heat Transfer Characteristics of a Closed End Oscillating Heat Pipe at Critical State[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2005,25 (14):2012-2022
[95]S Khandedar, X Cui, M Groll. Thermal Performance Modeling of Pulsating Heat Pipes by Artificial Neural Network[C]. Proceedings of the 12th International Heat Pipe Conference, Moscow, Russia,2002:215-219
[96]崔晓钰,翁建华,M. Groll.基于神经网络的振荡热管传热性能建模[J].化工学报,2003,54(9)：1319-1322
[97]曲 伟,范春利,马同泽.脉动热管的接触角滞后和毛细滞后阻力[J].工程热物理学报,2003,24(3)：301-303
[98]曲 伟,马同泽.环路型脉动热管的稳定运行机制[J].工程热物理学报,2004,25(2)：323-325
[99]Wang X F, Zhang N L. Numerical Analysis of Heat Transfer in Pulsating Turbulent Flow in a Pipe[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2005,9:3957-3970
[100]Wang S F, Nishio S. Heat Transfer Performance of a Closed Oscillating Heat pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 13th International Heat Transfer Conferece, Sydney, Australia,2006
[101]Wang S F, Nishio S. Study on Heat Transport Characteristic of Closed Loop SEMOS Heat Pipe[C]. ASME Summer Heat Transfer Conference, San Francisco, USA,2005
[102]苏 磊,张 红,庄 骏.回路振荡热管运行机理探讨[J].浙江海洋学院学报,2004,23(2)：126-129
[103]马永锡,张 红.振荡热管当量导热系数的理论推导与分析[J].化学工程,2006,34(10)：17-20
[104]Y Zhang, A faghri, M B Shafii. Analysis of Liquid-Vapor Pulsating Flow in a U-Shaped Miniature Tube[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2002,45 (12):4501-4508
[105]杨蔚原,张正芳,马同泽.回路型脉动热管运行与传热[J].上海交通大学学报,2003,37(9)：1398-1401
[106]Sameer Khandekar, Manfred Groll. An Insight into Thermo-Hydrodynamic Coupling in Closed Loop Pulsating Heat Pipe[J]. International Journal of Thermal Sciences,2004,43 (15):13-20
[107]马永锡,张 红.振荡热管传热性能的试验设计与多因素分析[J].热能动力工程,2005,20(6)：571-574
[108]Masafumi Katsuta, Ahmad Jalilvand, Yuji Homma, Kouichiro Saito. The Study of Effects of Acceleration-Induced Body Forces on the Performance Characteristics of a Plate Micro Heat Pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 41st Heat Transfer Conference, Tokyo, Japan,2004,5:337-338
[109]Wook Hyun Lee, Hyun Suck Jung, Jung Hoon Kim, and Jong Joo Soo Kim. Flow Visualization of Oscillating Capillary Tube Heat Pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 1 lth International Heat Pipe Conference, Tokyo, Japan,1999:131-136
[110]V M Kiseev, K A Zolkin. The Influence of Acceleration on The Performance of Oscillating Heat Pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 11th International Heat Pipe Conference, Tokyo, Japan,1999:154-158
[111]Yoshiro Miyazaki, Masayuki Arikawa. Oscillatory Flow in the Oscillating Heat Pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 11th International Heat Pipe Conference, Tokyo, Japan,1999:143-148
[112]Keiyo Gi, Fumiaki Sato, Saburo Maezawa. Flow Visualization Experiment on Oscillating Heat Pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 11th International Heat Pipe Conference, Tokyo, Japan,1999:149-153
[113]Yuwen Zhang, Amir Faghri. Oscillatory Flow in Pulsating Heat Pipes with Arbitrary Numbers of Turns[J]. Journal of Thermo physics and Heat Transfer, 2003,17 (3):340-347
[114]R T Dobson. Theoretical and Experimental Modeling of an Open Oscillatory Heat Pipe Including Gravity[C]. Proceedings of the 12th International Heat Pipe Conference, Moscow, Russia,2002:209-214
[115]V Borisov, V Buz, A Coba, I Kuznetzov, A Zacharchenko. Modeling and Experimentation of Pulsating Heat Pipe[C]. Proceedings of the 12th International Heat Pipe Conference, Moscow, Russia,2002:220-225
[116]C Kleinstreuer, Z Zhang. Targeted Drug Aerosol Deposition Analysis for a Four-Generation Lung Airway Model With Hemispherical Tumors[J]. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering,2003,12 (5):197-206
[117]#12
[118]#12
[119]#12
[120]#12
[121]Chen J C. Correlation for Boiling Heat Transfer to Saturated Fluids in Convective Flow[J]. Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev,1966,5(3):322-339
[122]过增元,黄素逸.场协同原理与强化传热新技术[M].北京：中国电力出版社,2004
[123]郭清华,夏 斐.太阳能集热板在平改坡屋面中的应用[J].施工技术,2007,8(46)： 33-35
[124]Rittidech S, Wannapakne S. Experimental Study of the Performance of a Solar Collector by Closed-end Oscillating Heat Pipe[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2007,27 (12):1978-1985
[125]Akachi H, Miyazaki Y Stereo-Type Heat Lane Heat Sink[C]. Proceedings of the 10th International Heat Pipe Conferences, Stuttgart, German,1997
[126]Rittidech S, Dangeton W, Soponronnarit S. Closed-Ended Oscillating Heat-Pipe (CEOHP) Air-Preheater for Energy Thrift in a Dryer[J]. Applied Energy,2005,81 (2):198-208
[127]Katoh T, Amako K, Akachi H. New heat conductor for avionics cooling[C]. Proceedings of the 11th International Heat Pipe Conference, Tokyo, Japan,1999
[128]Kim J S, Im Y B, Kim Y S, et al. Development of the Under-Floor Heating System Using Oscillating Capillary Tube Heat Pipe[J]. Journal of the Japan Association for Heat Pipes,2003,21:1-8