山丘区小流域梯级坝优化设计
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摘要
小流域梯级坝是山丘区水土保持和雨水利用的一种工程形式。经过几十年的实践,积累了一定的经验,取得了良好的经济效益与社会效益,但是,在以灌溉为主要目标的小流域梯级坝系规划设计方面仍缺乏成熟的理论,为加快小流域梯级坝系建设发展的步伐,建设经济、高效、稳定、协调的小流域,迫切需要开展小流域坝系规划设计方法的研究。
本文综合运用水土保持、工程经济和系统分析等方面理论,对梯级坝系优化规划与单坝优化设计进行了系统的研究。主要内容包括:(1)对小流域河槽进了概化,建立了坝高与流域面积关系式,建坝费用与坝高关系式、效益与流域面积关系式等;(2)以各级坝汇水面积和坝高为决策变量,建立小流域坝系优化规划数学模型,并介绍了通过LINGO软件求解模型的方法;(3)为了简化小流域梯级坝系土坝边坡设计,提高计算效率,应用理正岩土软件和Origin数学分析软件模拟计算,建立了梯级坝系土坝各种条件下边坡系数查算图表曲线。(4)建立溢洪道宽过水断面优化设计非线性规划数学模型,并利用网格法进行了求解;(5)建立了坝系土坝护坡类型选择的灰关联投影法模型;(6)以Delphi开发了小流域坝系单坝(小型土坝)优化设计软件;(7)以盱眙陡山小流域为例,进行了坝系优化规划与单坝优化设计,验证了本论文研究成果的科学性与实用性。
本论文系统研究了以灌溉为主要目标的小流域梯级坝系优化规划及单坝优化设计方法,大大丰富了小流域梯级坝系规划设计理论,具明显的理论价值与现实意义。
Small watershed cascade dam is a project form for soil and water conservation and rainwater utilization in hilly areas. After several decades of practice we have accumulated some experience and obtained better economic and social benefits, but there is still no well mature theory in planning and design of small watershed cascade dam system, which regard irrigation as main goal. With the purpose of accelerating its construction and development and constructing economic, high-efficient, stable and concordant small watershed, it is urgent to study on the planning and design methods of small watershed cascade dam system.
By unified application of the theories about water and soil conservation, engineering economy and system analysis, this paper systematically studies on the optimization planning of cascade dam system and optimization design of single dam. The main contents include: (1) It generalizes the channel of small watershed , and establishes the relation of dam height and drainage area, building charge and dam height, benefit and drainage area and so on; (2)Regarding the converging water of each level dam and dam height as decision variables, it establishes a small watershed dam system optimization programming mathematics model ,and introduces the model solution algorithm by LINGO software;(3) For simplifying the slope design of earth dam in cascade dam system and improve the calculating efficiency, this paper applies LiZheng software and Origin software to simulate and establishes the table curves of searching and calculating slope coefficient are established in each condition; (4) It establishes a nonlinear programming mathematics model for optimization design of spillway water -crossing section ,and the optimal results can be obtained by using grid method; (5)It establishes a grey relation projection model of selecting the slope type of earth dam; (6)It develops an optimization design software of single dam (small earth dam) in small watershed dam system by Delphi;(7)Taking Xuyi dou Hill small watershed as an example, the optimization planning of a dam system and optimization design of single dam are done to this area , which validates the scientificity and practicability of the research results in this paper.
This paper studies the optimization planning method of cascade dam system and optimization design method of single dam in small watershed systematically, greatly abundances the planning and design theory of small watershed cascade dam system, and has obvious theoretical value and practical significance.
本文综合运用水土保持、工程经济和系统分析等方面理论,对梯级坝系优化规划与单坝优化设计进行了系统的研究。主要内容包括:(1)对小流域河槽进了概化,建立了坝高与流域面积关系式,建坝费用与坝高关系式、效益与流域面积关系式等;(2)以各级坝汇水面积和坝高为决策变量,建立小流域坝系优化规划数学模型,并介绍了通过LINGO软件求解模型的方法;(3)为了简化小流域梯级坝系土坝边坡设计,提高计算效率,应用理正岩土软件和Origin数学分析软件模拟计算,建立了梯级坝系土坝各种条件下边坡系数查算图表曲线。(4)建立溢洪道宽过水断面优化设计非线性规划数学模型,并利用网格法进行了求解;(5)建立了坝系土坝护坡类型选择的灰关联投影法模型;(6)以Delphi开发了小流域坝系单坝(小型土坝)优化设计软件;(7)以盱眙陡山小流域为例,进行了坝系优化规划与单坝优化设计,验证了本论文研究成果的科学性与实用性。
本论文系统研究了以灌溉为主要目标的小流域梯级坝系优化规划及单坝优化设计方法,大大丰富了小流域梯级坝系规划设计理论,具明显的理论价值与现实意义。
Small watershed cascade dam is a project form for soil and water conservation and rainwater utilization in hilly areas. After several decades of practice we have accumulated some experience and obtained better economic and social benefits, but there is still no well mature theory in planning and design of small watershed cascade dam system, which regard irrigation as main goal. With the purpose of accelerating its construction and development and constructing economic, high-efficient, stable and concordant small watershed, it is urgent to study on the planning and design methods of small watershed cascade dam system.
By unified application of the theories about water and soil conservation, engineering economy and system analysis, this paper systematically studies on the optimization planning of cascade dam system and optimization design of single dam. The main contents include: (1) It generalizes the channel of small watershed , and establishes the relation of dam height and drainage area, building charge and dam height, benefit and drainage area and so on; (2)Regarding the converging water of each level dam and dam height as decision variables, it establishes a small watershed dam system optimization programming mathematics model ,and introduces the model solution algorithm by LINGO software;(3) For simplifying the slope design of earth dam in cascade dam system and improve the calculating efficiency, this paper applies LiZheng software and Origin software to simulate and establishes the table curves of searching and calculating slope coefficient are established in each condition; (4) It establishes a nonlinear programming mathematics model for optimization design of spillway water -crossing section ,and the optimal results can be obtained by using grid method; (5)It establishes a grey relation projection model of selecting the slope type of earth dam; (6)It develops an optimization design software of single dam (small earth dam) in small watershed dam system by Delphi;(7)Taking Xuyi dou Hill small watershed as an example, the optimization planning of a dam system and optimization design of single dam are done to this area , which validates the scientificity and practicability of the research results in this paper.
This paper studies the optimization planning method of cascade dam system and optimization design method of single dam in small watershed systematically, greatly abundances the planning and design theory of small watershed cascade dam system, and has obvious theoretical value and practical significance.
引文
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[11] 杨方社,李怀恩,杨联安等. 小流域沙棘植物柔性坝系累积水保效益原型试验. 泥沙研究. 2006(8):10-15
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[22] 陈文贵. 模糊数学在小流域治理管护综合评价中的应用. 广西水利水电. 1994(4)
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