基于GIS的电网规划管理系统研究
摘要
电力体制改革、社会发展、科技进步对电网运行、建设的方式产生了重要影响。在这种背景下,电网规划的性质和地位发生了重大变化,面临着新形势带来的诸多问题和挑战。
本文结合作者的规划管理工作实际,分析了建立电网规划管理系统的重要意义,对当前电网规划及管理的研究内容、发展趋势、国内外现状和新时期电网规划工作的思路、管理方式、管理过程以及电网规划管理过程中的数据传递流程进行了探讨,总结了当前电网规划及其管理中存在的问题。针对电网规划管理中数据在空间上的分散、存在“信息孤岛”、传递复杂、过程随机而重要的特点,指出了电网规划管理系统软件开发的核心问题:1、采用软件辅助更好的进行多方面交互和随机管理过程的控制管理;2、提供更加小巧和更能体现中间过程、规划人员拥有最大限度的自由度和控制权的计算支持的实现方式。
采用认知系统工程方法对电网规划及其管理的过程进行研究,总结出了电网规划的过程模型的概念,并结合企业实际管理,分析给出了规划业务的数据传递流程。基于IEC 61970 CIM、OPENGIS等国际标准,分析建立了适于电网规划系统的空间电网数据模型。通过详细需求分析,给出系统整体设计目标。为满足电网规划“强适应性”需求,针对当前“滚动修编”管理方式中实施环节的管理,提出了“规划预警”的概念和功能目标。并从为规划管理提供空间数据可视化及分析工具的角度,探讨了GIS在规划管理系统中的应用。
在系统过程模型、数据模型、功能需求分析的基础上,给出了软件系统的设计与实现方案。系统采用“横向分布、纵向分层”的体系结构、以及面向对象的组件化设计思想,充分保证其良好的开放性、可扩充性、可维护性和实用性。
全文共五部分:第一部分简要介绍电网规划的特点、内容、发展趋势、研究现状和管理体系、管理过程;探讨了新形势下面临的问题、机遇和挑战;对本课题的来源、目的、意义及本文的主要工作进行简单说明。第二部分按照认知系统工程的方法研究规划管理的过程模型和数据、数据的传
The organizational reform of the electric power, the development of the society and the advance in technology have nowadays all deeply affected the way of movement and construction of the electrical network. So under this situation tremendous changes have taken place to the nature and status of the electrical network's planning, making it faced with many problems and challenges coming up together with the new situation.Linking to author's experience in supervisory and engineering, this article analyzes the importance of the establishment of the plan and management system for an electrical network, discusses the research content, the development tendency and domestic and foreign present situation of the current electrical network's plan and management, looks into the mentality and managing manner of the new time electric network planning and its management process as well as the process of data transmission flow during the engineering and arrangement of an network. And also in the article the author summarizes the problems existing in the current electrical network planning and arrangement. In view of the characteristics that the data transmission is in the spatial disperser, often causing the existence of the "Information Isolated Island" and that the transmission is complex while the process stochastic but important, the author points out the core questions in the software development for the electric network engineering and arrangement system: firstly, software should be used to assist better carries on the control and arrangement in the process of various, alternately and stochastic arrangement; secondly, more approaching ways should be provided on computation support, which are more exquisite and able to manifest the pilot process and allow the maximum of personal freedom and controlling.Harnessing cognition-system engineering method the author conducts the research to the plan and management process of electric network and summarizes the process model concept of electric network engineering. And
also, referring to the actual management of enterprise, the author gives analysis to the process of data transmission flow in plan service. Based on the international standards such as IEC 61,970 CIM and OPENGIS, a data model for spatial electric network which is suitable for the electric network plan is analyzed and established, and through a detailed demand analysis the overall goal of design for the system is generated. To satisfy the demand of " strong compatibility" of the plan of electric network, the concept of " plan forewarns " and its function goal is proposed, aiming at the current arrangement of implement section in the arrangement model so called "rolling-repair arrangement" . And from the angle of making spatial date visible and providing analyzing tools, the application of GIS in the plan and management system is discussed.The design and realization of software system is given based on the analysis of system process model, the data model and the function demand. The system utilized the structure of " traverse and longitudinal lamination " as well as the object-oriented module design thought, fully guaranteeing its good openness, expansibility, maintainability and usability.Five sections are included in this article. The first part briefly introduces the following features of electrical network planning: the characteristics, contents and development tendency, the present situation of research and its managing system and process. And in this part problem, opportunities and challenges under the new situation are discussed, and simple explanation is given to the origin, the goal, and the significance of the topic as well as to the main work of this article. In the second part, following the idea of the cognition-system engineering method, the author makes a study of the process model of plan management and the data as well as the data transfer mode, analyzes the function demand of the plan arrangement, and sets the goal of the system design. The third part introduces the thought, structure and realization of the system, discussing the realization of the " plan forewarns " function and the application of GIS. The forth part gives the way of realizing the system,
including developing the platform, the development kit and the method for realizing them. The construction, function, install debugs and maintaining process of the software are also briefly introduced. The conclusion of the topic and a forecast of next step of the research work are produced in the fifth part.
本文结合作者的规划管理工作实际,分析了建立电网规划管理系统的重要意义,对当前电网规划及管理的研究内容、发展趋势、国内外现状和新时期电网规划工作的思路、管理方式、管理过程以及电网规划管理过程中的数据传递流程进行了探讨,总结了当前电网规划及其管理中存在的问题。针对电网规划管理中数据在空间上的分散、存在“信息孤岛”、传递复杂、过程随机而重要的特点,指出了电网规划管理系统软件开发的核心问题:1、采用软件辅助更好的进行多方面交互和随机管理过程的控制管理;2、提供更加小巧和更能体现中间过程、规划人员拥有最大限度的自由度和控制权的计算支持的实现方式。
采用认知系统工程方法对电网规划及其管理的过程进行研究,总结出了电网规划的过程模型的概念,并结合企业实际管理,分析给出了规划业务的数据传递流程。基于IEC 61970 CIM、OPENGIS等国际标准,分析建立了适于电网规划系统的空间电网数据模型。通过详细需求分析,给出系统整体设计目标。为满足电网规划“强适应性”需求,针对当前“滚动修编”管理方式中实施环节的管理,提出了“规划预警”的概念和功能目标。并从为规划管理提供空间数据可视化及分析工具的角度,探讨了GIS在规划管理系统中的应用。
在系统过程模型、数据模型、功能需求分析的基础上,给出了软件系统的设计与实现方案。系统采用“横向分布、纵向分层”的体系结构、以及面向对象的组件化设计思想,充分保证其良好的开放性、可扩充性、可维护性和实用性。
全文共五部分:第一部分简要介绍电网规划的特点、内容、发展趋势、研究现状和管理体系、管理过程;探讨了新形势下面临的问题、机遇和挑战;对本课题的来源、目的、意义及本文的主要工作进行简单说明。第二部分按照认知系统工程的方法研究规划管理的过程模型和数据、数据的传
The organizational reform of the electric power, the development of the society and the advance in technology have nowadays all deeply affected the way of movement and construction of the electrical network. So under this situation tremendous changes have taken place to the nature and status of the electrical network's planning, making it faced with many problems and challenges coming up together with the new situation.Linking to author's experience in supervisory and engineering, this article analyzes the importance of the establishment of the plan and management system for an electrical network, discusses the research content, the development tendency and domestic and foreign present situation of the current electrical network's plan and management, looks into the mentality and managing manner of the new time electric network planning and its management process as well as the process of data transmission flow during the engineering and arrangement of an network. And also in the article the author summarizes the problems existing in the current electrical network planning and arrangement. In view of the characteristics that the data transmission is in the spatial disperser, often causing the existence of the "Information Isolated Island" and that the transmission is complex while the process stochastic but important, the author points out the core questions in the software development for the electric network engineering and arrangement system: firstly, software should be used to assist better carries on the control and arrangement in the process of various, alternately and stochastic arrangement; secondly, more approaching ways should be provided on computation support, which are more exquisite and able to manifest the pilot process and allow the maximum of personal freedom and controlling.Harnessing cognition-system engineering method the author conducts the research to the plan and management process of electric network and summarizes the process model concept of electric network engineering. And
also, referring to the actual management of enterprise, the author gives analysis to the process of data transmission flow in plan service. Based on the international standards such as IEC 61,970 CIM and OPENGIS, a data model for spatial electric network which is suitable for the electric network plan is analyzed and established, and through a detailed demand analysis the overall goal of design for the system is generated. To satisfy the demand of " strong compatibility" of the plan of electric network, the concept of " plan forewarns " and its function goal is proposed, aiming at the current arrangement of implement section in the arrangement model so called "rolling-repair arrangement" . And from the angle of making spatial date visible and providing analyzing tools, the application of GIS in the plan and management system is discussed.The design and realization of software system is given based on the analysis of system process model, the data model and the function demand. The system utilized the structure of " traverse and longitudinal lamination " as well as the object-oriented module design thought, fully guaranteeing its good openness, expansibility, maintainability and usability.Five sections are included in this article. The first part briefly introduces the following features of electrical network planning: the characteristics, contents and development tendency, the present situation of research and its managing system and process. And in this part problem, opportunities and challenges under the new situation are discussed, and simple explanation is given to the origin, the goal, and the significance of the topic as well as to the main work of this article. In the second part, following the idea of the cognition-system engineering method, the author makes a study of the process model of plan management and the data as well as the data transfer mode, analyzes the function demand of the plan arrangement, and sets the goal of the system design. The third part introduces the thought, structure and realization of the system, discussing the realization of the " plan forewarns " function and the application of GIS. The forth part gives the way of realizing the system,
including developing the platform, the development kit and the method for realizing them. The construction, function, install debugs and maintaining process of the software are also briefly introduced. The conclusion of the topic and a forecast of next step of the research work are produced in the fifth part.
引文
① 卢强,数字电力系统,电力系统自动化,2004.4
② 董珂,城市规划的过程控制,城市规划汇刊,1998(3)
③ 汤红卫,基于GIS的农网规划方法研究,博士论文中国农业大学,2001.6
④ Willis H. L., Engel M V et al. Optimization Application to Power Distribution, IEEE Computer Application in Power, 1995.8(4)
⑤ J. B. Burch, R. D. Miller, J. E. Wheeler. Distribution system integrated voltage and reactive power control, IEEE trans PAS, PAS-101, 1982
⑥ 王锡凡,电力系统规划基础,水利电力出版社,1994
⑦ Murty P. B., James D. H. Integrating demand-side management into planning, Proceedings of the IEEE, 1989.77(6)
⑧ 田卫东,国外电力规划理论的新发展,中国能源,1993.1
⑨ 肖峻 张义 王成山,基于专家系统的城市电网进程智能控制系统,电力系统自动化,2003.6
⑩ 修文群 池天河编著,城市地理信息系统,北京希望电子出版社,1999
11 电力工业部电力规划设计总院编,电力系统设计手册,中国电力出版社,1998
12 戴彦 文福拴 韩桢祥,电力市场改革对电网规划的影响,浙江电力2003.3
13 尼尔逊·N·J,人工智能原理,北京,科学技术出版社
14 Christine Ward, Keith Bell, Amanda May, Porter Ruddy. Transmission Capacity Planning in an Open Energy Market. Cigar 2000
15 吴小明等,软件方法和数据挖掘理论在电力系统负荷预测中的应用,电力系统及其自动化学报,2003,15,1
16 张焰 陈章潮,不确定性的电网规划方法研究,电网技术,1999,23(3)
17 章士嵘,认知科学导论,北京,人民出版社,1992
18 Jens Rasmussen et. al. Cognitive System Engineering, New York, John Wiley&Sons Inc. 1994
19 Draft IEC 61970 Energy Power System-Application Program Interface (EMS-API). 2000
20 Michael N.demurs著,武法东 付宗堂 王小牛,等译,地理信息系统基本原理(第二版),北京,电子工业出版社,2001
21 王超 张鹏,ASP.NET/XML深入编程技术,北京,北京希望电子出版社,2002.1
22 朱其亮 郑斌,CORBA原理及应用,北京,北京邮电大学出版社,2001.10
23 曹辉 蔡颖 朱善君,数据仓库技术在电力系统的应用,华北电力技术,2001(3)
24 Jewie Han Michelin Kamber,范明 孟小峰等译,数据挖掘概念与技术机械工业出版社,2001.8
25 魏威 陈金富 段献忠 谭智君,基于统一数据平台的电网规划软件,继电器,2003(3)
26 余贻鑫 王成山 肖俊 等,城网规划计算机辅助决策系统,电力系统自动化,2000,24(8)
27 李晓露等,构件技术与开放的SCADA/EMS/DMS系统,电力自动化设备,2002.6
28 微软,Microsoft SQL Server 7.0实现数据库设计,北京希望电子出版社,1999.6
29 樊红 詹小国编著,ARC/INFO应用及开发技术(修订版),武汉,武汉大学出版社,2003.1
30 Dino Esposito, Applied XML Programming for Microsoft. NET, Washington, Mircosoft Press, 2003
31 Simon Robinson Burr Harvey等,C#高级编程(第二版),北京,清华大学出版社,2002
32 毕天姝 倪以信 杨奇逊,人工智能技术在输电网络故障诊断中的应用评述,电力系统自动化,2000.24
② 董珂,城市规划的过程控制,城市规划汇刊,1998(3)
③ 汤红卫,基于GIS的农网规划方法研究,博士论文中国农业大学,2001.6
④ Willis H. L., Engel M V et al. Optimization Application to Power Distribution, IEEE Computer Application in Power, 1995.8(4)
⑤ J. B. Burch, R. D. Miller, J. E. Wheeler. Distribution system integrated voltage and reactive power control, IEEE trans PAS, PAS-101, 1982
⑥ 王锡凡,电力系统规划基础,水利电力出版社,1994
⑦ Murty P. B., James D. H. Integrating demand-side management into planning, Proceedings of the IEEE, 1989.77(6)
⑧ 田卫东,国外电力规划理论的新发展,中国能源,1993.1
⑨ 肖峻 张义 王成山,基于专家系统的城市电网进程智能控制系统,电力系统自动化,2003.6
⑩ 修文群 池天河编著,城市地理信息系统,北京希望电子出版社,1999
11 电力工业部电力规划设计总院编,电力系统设计手册,中国电力出版社,1998
12 戴彦 文福拴 韩桢祥,电力市场改革对电网规划的影响,浙江电力2003.3
13 尼尔逊·N·J,人工智能原理,北京,科学技术出版社
14 Christine Ward, Keith Bell, Amanda May, Porter Ruddy. Transmission Capacity Planning in an Open Energy Market. Cigar 2000
15 吴小明等,软件方法和数据挖掘理论在电力系统负荷预测中的应用,电力系统及其自动化学报,2003,15,1
16 张焰 陈章潮,不确定性的电网规划方法研究,电网技术,1999,23(3)
17 章士嵘,认知科学导论,北京,人民出版社,1992
18 Jens Rasmussen et. al. Cognitive System Engineering, New York, John Wiley&Sons Inc. 1994
19 Draft IEC 61970 Energy Power System-Application Program Interface (EMS-API). 2000
20 Michael N.demurs著,武法东 付宗堂 王小牛,等译,地理信息系统基本原理(第二版),北京,电子工业出版社,2001
21 王超 张鹏,ASP.NET/XML深入编程技术,北京,北京希望电子出版社,2002.1
22 朱其亮 郑斌,CORBA原理及应用,北京,北京邮电大学出版社,2001.10
23 曹辉 蔡颖 朱善君,数据仓库技术在电力系统的应用,华北电力技术,2001(3)
24 Jewie Han Michelin Kamber,范明 孟小峰等译,数据挖掘概念与技术机械工业出版社,2001.8
25 魏威 陈金富 段献忠 谭智君,基于统一数据平台的电网规划软件,继电器,2003(3)
26 余贻鑫 王成山 肖俊 等,城网规划计算机辅助决策系统,电力系统自动化,2000,24(8)
27 李晓露等,构件技术与开放的SCADA/EMS/DMS系统,电力自动化设备,2002.6
28 微软,Microsoft SQL Server 7.0实现数据库设计,北京希望电子出版社,1999.6
29 樊红 詹小国编著,ARC/INFO应用及开发技术(修订版),武汉,武汉大学出版社,2003.1
30 Dino Esposito, Applied XML Programming for Microsoft. NET, Washington, Mircosoft Press, 2003
31 Simon Robinson Burr Harvey等,C#高级编程(第二版),北京,清华大学出版社,2002
32 毕天姝 倪以信 杨奇逊,人工智能技术在输电网络故障诊断中的应用评述,电力系统自动化,2000.24