中国数字城市发展研究
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摘要
城市是现代产业和人口聚集的地区,是人类文明和社会进步的标志。城市实力代表着国家的实力,城市的发展影响甚至决定着国家发展的方向和质量。随着计算机科学和互连网技术的飞速发展,二十一世纪将是信息化、网络化、数字化、智能化的新世纪。世界范围的新技术革命和知识经济的浪潮,推动全球的电子信息技术的创新和发展,使社会和经济结构产生质的飞跃,并将对政治、经济、社会、文化、教育以及政府的管理、服务等各个方面产生深刻影响。近年来,随着我国城市化与城市建设的快速发展,城市问题日益紧迫,传统的以手工为主的管理方式已越来越不适应城市迅速发展的需要,开发与研究实施城市规划、管理和服务的数字化工程是现代城市管理的必然趋势。发展数字城市,既是加快城市化的内在要求,更是增强城市综合竞争力的必然选择。构建数字城市,将会改变人们传统的生产、生活方式,丰富人们物质文化生活,促进经济健康发展和社会的全面进步。
本文以现代城市发展的新名词“数字城市”为研究对象,对其起源、内涵和历史发展及应用范围等各个方面进行了较为深入的阐述,旨在通过这一研究和探索对我国城市发展的理论和实践提供参考。首先,笔者从全球信息化的发展、中国信息化战略和传统城市管理模式的不适应性三个方面详细的说明了论文的选题背景,以此提出了论文的研究目的和意义。其次,从社会和城市发展的根本动因出发,全面地对数字城市的起源、发展以及基本概念等问题进行阐述,并提出了基于城市发展高度的数字城市综合性概念,以此匡正目前关于“数字城市”的若干片面认识。最后通过对比中外数字城市研究与建设的现状剖析了当前中国数字城市研究与建设所存在的诸多问题,并在此基础上提出了我国数字城市发展的主要目标、原则以及适合中国国情的数字城市发展具体建议和措施。本文的主要创新之处是在总结了许多专家学者关于数字城市定义的基础上,从城市管理和城市发展的社会学角度得出自己对于数字城市的理解,并结合发达国家数字城市的建设经验以及中国国情的实际,对现阶段如何建设我国的数字城市提出了自己的观点。
City is where the modern industry and the population congregated, as well as a symbol of human civilization and society progress. The city strength represents the national strength, and the city management influences and even decides the direction and quality of urban development. Along with the rapid development of computer science and Internet technology, the 21st century will be a new era of informationalization, networking, digitization and intellectualization. The innovation and development of the electronic information technology is impelled by the new technological revolution and economical knowledge tide over the world, It not only leads to substantial leap of social and economic structure, but also has profound impact on the political, economy, society, culture, education, government management and service. Owing to the rapid development of urbanization and construction in the country, the problems of urban management are increasingly urgent in recent years, the management pattern that gives priority to the traditional handicraft industry is no longer be adapted to the demand of the municipal rapid development。Exploiting and researching on the city planning and management, as well as the project of digitized services are inevitable trends of modern cities. To develop digital city is the internal demand of quickening the Urbanization, and it is also a natural choice to enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of city. Digital Cities will change the traditional means of production and living style to enrich the people's material and cultural lives as well as promote the economic develop healthily and the society progress comprehensively.
Taking the new term of modern urban development --" digital city" as the research object, this paper illuminates its origin, content , historical development and scope of application deeply. It aims to provide the reference to the urban development theory and practice in china. Firstly, three aspects of the background are explained, which includes global information, China information strategies and the inelastic traditional pattern of urban management, then the purpose and significance of the paper is proposed. Furthermore, based on fundamental causes of social and urban development, the origin, development and basic concept of digital city is extensively described, and a comprehensive concept of Digital City is brought forward subsequently, that rectify one-sided understanding about Digital City. Finally, comparing with the current situation in home and overseas, lots of issues about the construction of Digital City are analyzed. The primary goal, principles and specific development measures of China Digital City are established. Based on the understanding of various definitions from experts and scholars, this paper shows own perspectives of Digital City depends on sociological city management and urban development, moreover, the paper also gives advices on how to construct China Digital City bases on both foreign experiences and China national conditions.
本文以现代城市发展的新名词“数字城市”为研究对象,对其起源、内涵和历史发展及应用范围等各个方面进行了较为深入的阐述,旨在通过这一研究和探索对我国城市发展的理论和实践提供参考。首先,笔者从全球信息化的发展、中国信息化战略和传统城市管理模式的不适应性三个方面详细的说明了论文的选题背景,以此提出了论文的研究目的和意义。其次,从社会和城市发展的根本动因出发,全面地对数字城市的起源、发展以及基本概念等问题进行阐述,并提出了基于城市发展高度的数字城市综合性概念,以此匡正目前关于“数字城市”的若干片面认识。最后通过对比中外数字城市研究与建设的现状剖析了当前中国数字城市研究与建设所存在的诸多问题,并在此基础上提出了我国数字城市发展的主要目标、原则以及适合中国国情的数字城市发展具体建议和措施。本文的主要创新之处是在总结了许多专家学者关于数字城市定义的基础上,从城市管理和城市发展的社会学角度得出自己对于数字城市的理解,并结合发达国家数字城市的建设经验以及中国国情的实际,对现阶段如何建设我国的数字城市提出了自己的观点。
City is where the modern industry and the population congregated, as well as a symbol of human civilization and society progress. The city strength represents the national strength, and the city management influences and even decides the direction and quality of urban development. Along with the rapid development of computer science and Internet technology, the 21st century will be a new era of informationalization, networking, digitization and intellectualization. The innovation and development of the electronic information technology is impelled by the new technological revolution and economical knowledge tide over the world, It not only leads to substantial leap of social and economic structure, but also has profound impact on the political, economy, society, culture, education, government management and service. Owing to the rapid development of urbanization and construction in the country, the problems of urban management are increasingly urgent in recent years, the management pattern that gives priority to the traditional handicraft industry is no longer be adapted to the demand of the municipal rapid development。Exploiting and researching on the city planning and management, as well as the project of digitized services are inevitable trends of modern cities. To develop digital city is the internal demand of quickening the Urbanization, and it is also a natural choice to enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of city. Digital Cities will change the traditional means of production and living style to enrich the people's material and cultural lives as well as promote the economic develop healthily and the society progress comprehensively.
Taking the new term of modern urban development --" digital city" as the research object, this paper illuminates its origin, content , historical development and scope of application deeply. It aims to provide the reference to the urban development theory and practice in china. Firstly, three aspects of the background are explained, which includes global information, China information strategies and the inelastic traditional pattern of urban management, then the purpose and significance of the paper is proposed. Furthermore, based on fundamental causes of social and urban development, the origin, development and basic concept of digital city is extensively described, and a comprehensive concept of Digital City is brought forward subsequently, that rectify one-sided understanding about Digital City. Finally, comparing with the current situation in home and overseas, lots of issues about the construction of Digital City are analyzed. The primary goal, principles and specific development measures of China Digital City are established. Based on the understanding of various definitions from experts and scholars, this paper shows own perspectives of Digital City depends on sociological city management and urban development, moreover, the paper also gives advices on how to construct China Digital City bases on both foreign experiences and China national conditions.
引文
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[14] U .L .Ttius Perera . Information of the city of Colombo in sprilanka . CALAPR Document,2000
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[16] 杨佩昆.智能交通[M].上海:同济大学出版社,2002
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[29] 同上
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[36] 张文娟.浅谈数字城市的发展.城市与减灾.2006.6
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[38] 周均洁,王乘,杨叔子.我国数字城市研究与建设之现状.城市规划汇刊.2003(6)
[39] 魏厚清.建设数字城市提高城市竞争力.集团经济研究.2006.2
[40] 国家信息中心.中国信息年鉴.北京.中国信息年鉴期刊出版社.2005
[41] 张文娟.浅谈数字城市的发展.城市与减灾.2006.6
[42] 陈坚.如何构建数字城市.信息系统工程.2006.9
[43] 科学技术部.国家“十五”重大科技攻关项目课题“城市规划、建设、管理与服务数字化工程”报告.北京.2002.11
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[45] 姜爱林.制约中国数字城市发展的瓶颈及解决对策.湖北行政学院学报.2003(1)
[46] 李佩武.论数字城市建设及其重要意义.天津师范大学学报(自然科学版).2002(9)
[47] 陈刚,阎国庆等.数字城市理论与实践.浙江大学出版社.2004
[48] 张秀兰.我国建设数字城市的几点构想.图书馆学刊.2005(6)
[49] 钱斌华,钱斌浩.数字城市的框架与发展策略.青岛行政学院学报.2005(6)
[50] 彭玉新,周红霞.数字城市与城市可持续发展.珠江现代建设.2005(6)
[51] 王志锋.新时期我国城市管理模式创新取向及路径选择.经济体制改革.2005(6)
[52] 张立丽.对建设数字化城市的几点浅见.辽宁行政学院学报.2005(5)
[53] 孙小礼.数字地球与数字中国.科学研究.2000(4)
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[60] 陈平.数字化城市管理模式探析.北京大学学报(哲学社会科学版).2006.2
[61] 黄蕾.数字城市建设的四个切入点.中国计算机报.2006.5,8
[62] 孙旭阳,冯一民.数字城市的构建.上海城市规划.2006.1
[63] 周毅,汤茜草.无形城市北京中国计划出版社 2005.6
[2] 承继成、李琦、林珲、董宝青、夏曙东.数字城市——理论、方法与应用[M] .北京:科学出版社,2003
[3] 刘淑妍,朱德米.参与城市治理:中国城市管理变革的新路径[J].学术论坛,2005(6)
[4] 周均清.中国数字城市发展及其综合问题研究.华中科技大学博士学位论文.2005,14-18
[5] Weitz,Jerry.From Quiet Revolution to Smart Growth:State Growth Management programs, 1960 to 1999 Journal of Planning Literature 14,267-338
[6] Graham.Stephen and Simon Marvin.Telecommunications and the City.Routledge.London and new York,1996,434
[7] Al Gore: “The Digital Earth:Understanding our planet in the 21st Century”, http://www.opengis.org/pass/?page=paper&view=19980131_p_ALGORE,1998-1-31
[8] Nellist. john G. end Elliot M. Gilbert. Modern Telecommunications and the Information Superhighway. Boston, Artech House.1999,285
[9] http://www.digiark.com/pindao/fwcp/szcs/
[10] 顾朝林,段学军.论数字城市及其三维再现关键技术[J].地理学报,2002(3)
[11] 承继成、李琦、林珲、董宝青、夏曙东.数字城市——理论、方法与应用[M] .北京:科学出版社,2003,282
[12] 焦宝文等.电子政府导论[M].北京:中国财政经济出版社,2003
[13] Santiaho Manicipal Government . Cities on the Internet . CALAPR Document,2000
[14] U .L .Ttius Perera . Information of the city of Colombo in sprilanka . CALAPR Document,2000
[15] 张宽海等.电子商务概论[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003
[16] 杨佩昆.智能交通[M].上海:同济大学出版社,2002
[17] 王要武,郭红领,杨洪涛.我国数字城市建设的现状及发展对策[J].公共管理学报,2004(2),58
[18] 刘仲蓓.我国发展数字城市的政策和策略研究.浙江大学博士后学位论文.2003,40
[19] 郝力.中外数字城市的发展[J].国外城市规划,2001(3)
[20] 马岩巍,杨磊.我国数字城市建设现状、存在问题及对策[J].山东行政学院山东省经济管理干部学院学报,2006(10),52
[21] 承继成等.数字地球导论[M].北京:科学出版社,2000
[22] 刘忻.数字城市体系结构及其相关问题研究[J].哈尔滨学院学报,2003(3),58-61
[23] 中国网 http://english.hanban.edu.cn/chinese/EC-c/1096380.htm
[24] 新浪网 http://tech.sina.com .cn/i/2006-05-22/1027948750.shtm l
[25] 姜爱林.数字城市理论体系初探[J].十堰职业技术学院学报.2004(3),29
[26] 刘仲蓓.我国发展数字城市的政策和策略研究.浙江大学博士后学位论文.2003,92
[27] 王要武,郭红领,杨洪涛.我国数字城市建设的现状及发展对策[J].公共管理学报,2004(2),63
[28] 徐建红.浅论数字城市.河南科学.2003(4)
[29] 同上
[30] Ade Kezrns and Ronan Paddison. New challenges for urban govermance. Urban Studies. 2000(5)
[31] The New Global Information Infrastructure and Planning for the Digital City.Brahm Wiesman. University of British Columbia. Vancouver.China InternationalConference on Digital City Construction Technology & Forum on Digital City in 21st Century
[32] (美)曼纽尔·卡斯泰尔.网络社会的崛起.北京.社会科学文献出版社.2003
[33] (美)拉塞尔·M·林登.无缝隙政府:公共部门再造指南.北京.中国人民大学出版社.2001
[34] 秦甫.现代城市管理.上海.东华大学出版社.2004.2
[35] 陈述彭.城市化与城市地理信息系统.北京.科学出版社.1999.12
[36] 张文娟.浅谈数字城市的发展.城市与减灾.2006.6
[37] 邱霈恩.我国数字化城市建设面临的问题与建议.新视野.2006.6
[38] 周均洁,王乘,杨叔子.我国数字城市研究与建设之现状.城市规划汇刊.2003(6)
[39] 魏厚清.建设数字城市提高城市竞争力.集团经济研究.2006.2
[40] 国家信息中心.中国信息年鉴.北京.中国信息年鉴期刊出版社.2005
[41] 张文娟.浅谈数字城市的发展.城市与减灾.2006.6
[42] 陈坚.如何构建数字城市.信息系统工程.2006.9
[43] 科学技术部.国家“十五”重大科技攻关项目课题“城市规划、建设、管理与服务数字化工程”报告.北京.2002.11
[44] 姜爱林.中国数字城市发展七大绩效.经济前沿.2002(12)
[45] 姜爱林.制约中国数字城市发展的瓶颈及解决对策.湖北行政学院学报.2003(1)
[46] 李佩武.论数字城市建设及其重要意义.天津师范大学学报(自然科学版).2002(9)
[47] 陈刚,阎国庆等.数字城市理论与实践.浙江大学出版社.2004
[48] 张秀兰.我国建设数字城市的几点构想.图书馆学刊.2005(6)
[49] 钱斌华,钱斌浩.数字城市的框架与发展策略.青岛行政学院学报.2005(6)
[50] 彭玉新,周红霞.数字城市与城市可持续发展.珠江现代建设.2005(6)
[51] 王志锋.新时期我国城市管理模式创新取向及路径选择.经济体制改革.2005(6)
[52] 张立丽.对建设数字化城市的几点浅见.辽宁行政学院学报.2005(5)
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