晋城市生态功能区划研究
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摘要
本文以协调发展与生态保护之间的矛盾,维护区域经济的可持续发展为背景,在分析研究区域生态环境空间分异规律的基础上,将其划分不同的区域,揭示每个区域生态环境的特点,为区域生态环境保护与建设、资源合理利用和工农业生产合理布局的决策提供科学依据,并为环境管理部门提供技术手段,其研究具有积极的现实意义及理论指导意义。
本研究以山西省晋城市的复合生态系统为研究对象,应用系统工程的思想确定研究的技术路线。根据具体问题运用统计学方法、DEM模型处理、遥感解译和GIS等技术,从生态环境现状、生态环境敏感性和生态系统服务功能重要性三个子层面的分析,到综合评价区域生态环境特征与问题,使研究的技术方法体系化,形成研究区域生态功能区划的技术方法系统。根据不同区域生态环境敏感性和生态系统服务功能重要性的分异规律,将晋城市分为5个一级区,8个二级区和18个三级区,并对各生态功能小区作了粗浅的生态建设与环境管理对策分析。
针对晋城市的实际情况,在本研究中对生态环境现状评价时增加了土壤资源评价、矿产资源评价和固体废弃物评价;在生态环境敏感性评价中对晋城市的地质灾害敏感性进行了评价,这里的地质灾害敏感性不同于沿海城市,它主要指由于采矿造成的地表塌陷问题。本研究提出了一种新的地质灾害敏感性评价方法,在评价因子的选取和分级标准上都与其它研究不同,它更适合于像晋城市这样矿产业发达的内陆地区。
本文较为系统的分析了晋城市的生态环境,研究成果为晋城市各区域生态环境保护与建设提供了科学的指导依据,也为环境部门的管理提供科学的决策依据。此外,市级的生态功能区划刚刚起步,区划的方法还不够完善,本研究可以为其它县市的生态功能区划工作提供一些理论参考。
To coordinate contradiction between the development and ecological protection, safeguard the sustainable development of regional economic, on the basis of analyse the space distribution disciplinarian of the regional ecological environment, divide it into many different part, revealed the characteristics of each region, provide scientific basis for the regional environmental protection and construction, reasonal use of resources and rational distribution of industrial and agricultural production, provide technical means for environmental management departments. This study has a positive and practical significance and a theory guiding significance.
The object of this study is the complex ecosystem of Jincheng of Shanxi Province , use the idea of systerm engineering to established the ideological line of technology. According to specific questions, use statistical methods, DEM model processing, interpretation of remote sensing and GIS technology, from analyze the status of the ecological environment, environmental sensitivity and importance of ecosystem services,to comprehensive evaluate the features and problems of the regional ecological environment, make the technical method of research systematism. Form a technical method system of ecological function regionalization. According to the different ecological environment sensitivity and importance of ecosystem services of the different regions, Jincheng will be divided into five stair regions, eight twain regions and 18 third class regions, and give a simple analyse to the ecological construction and environmental management countermeasures.
In allusion to the actual situation of Jincheng, in this study,it add evaluation of soil resources, mineral resources assessment and evaluation of solid waste to the evaluation of status quo of the ecological environment. In the evaluation of ecological environment sensitivity,we evaluate the sensitivity of the geological disasters of Jincheng ,this evaluation is different from the geological disasters in coastal cities, it mainly refers to the surface subsidence caused by mining issues. This study presents a new method of evaluation to geological disasters sensitivity, it is different from anyothers in select evaluation factor and classification standards, it is more suited to some inland areas where mining industry is developed such as Jincheng.
This study make a more systematic analysis of the ecological environment of the Jincheng, and the results provide a scientific basis for guiding to the regional ecological environmental protection and construction, as well as give a scientific basis for management to the environmental department. In addition, municipal ecological function regionalization has just started, the method is not adequate, this study can provide some theoretical reference to other cities.
本研究以山西省晋城市的复合生态系统为研究对象,应用系统工程的思想确定研究的技术路线。根据具体问题运用统计学方法、DEM模型处理、遥感解译和GIS等技术,从生态环境现状、生态环境敏感性和生态系统服务功能重要性三个子层面的分析,到综合评价区域生态环境特征与问题,使研究的技术方法体系化,形成研究区域生态功能区划的技术方法系统。根据不同区域生态环境敏感性和生态系统服务功能重要性的分异规律,将晋城市分为5个一级区,8个二级区和18个三级区,并对各生态功能小区作了粗浅的生态建设与环境管理对策分析。
针对晋城市的实际情况,在本研究中对生态环境现状评价时增加了土壤资源评价、矿产资源评价和固体废弃物评价;在生态环境敏感性评价中对晋城市的地质灾害敏感性进行了评价,这里的地质灾害敏感性不同于沿海城市,它主要指由于采矿造成的地表塌陷问题。本研究提出了一种新的地质灾害敏感性评价方法,在评价因子的选取和分级标准上都与其它研究不同,它更适合于像晋城市这样矿产业发达的内陆地区。
本文较为系统的分析了晋城市的生态环境,研究成果为晋城市各区域生态环境保护与建设提供了科学的指导依据,也为环境部门的管理提供科学的决策依据。此外,市级的生态功能区划刚刚起步,区划的方法还不够完善,本研究可以为其它县市的生态功能区划工作提供一些理论参考。
To coordinate contradiction between the development and ecological protection, safeguard the sustainable development of regional economic, on the basis of analyse the space distribution disciplinarian of the regional ecological environment, divide it into many different part, revealed the characteristics of each region, provide scientific basis for the regional environmental protection and construction, reasonal use of resources and rational distribution of industrial and agricultural production, provide technical means for environmental management departments. This study has a positive and practical significance and a theory guiding significance.
The object of this study is the complex ecosystem of Jincheng of Shanxi Province , use the idea of systerm engineering to established the ideological line of technology. According to specific questions, use statistical methods, DEM model processing, interpretation of remote sensing and GIS technology, from analyze the status of the ecological environment, environmental sensitivity and importance of ecosystem services,to comprehensive evaluate the features and problems of the regional ecological environment, make the technical method of research systematism. Form a technical method system of ecological function regionalization. According to the different ecological environment sensitivity and importance of ecosystem services of the different regions, Jincheng will be divided into five stair regions, eight twain regions and 18 third class regions, and give a simple analyse to the ecological construction and environmental management countermeasures.
In allusion to the actual situation of Jincheng, in this study,it add evaluation of soil resources, mineral resources assessment and evaluation of solid waste to the evaluation of status quo of the ecological environment. In the evaluation of ecological environment sensitivity,we evaluate the sensitivity of the geological disasters of Jincheng ,this evaluation is different from the geological disasters in coastal cities, it mainly refers to the surface subsidence caused by mining issues. This study presents a new method of evaluation to geological disasters sensitivity, it is different from anyothers in select evaluation factor and classification standards, it is more suited to some inland areas where mining industry is developed such as Jincheng.
This study make a more systematic analysis of the ecological environment of the Jincheng, and the results provide a scientific basis for guiding to the regional ecological environmental protection and construction, as well as give a scientific basis for management to the environmental department. In addition, municipal ecological function regionalization has just started, the method is not adequate, this study can provide some theoretical reference to other cities.
引文
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[2]王小春.天津市生态功能区划研究[D].河北工业大学,2003
[3]Ruzicka M.The ecological and environmental education[J].Ekological-bratislava.1995,14:145-151
[4]傅伯杰.中国生态区划的目的、任务及特点[J].生态学报,1999,19(5):591-595
[5]Merriam C H.Life zones and crop zones of the United States[C].Bull.Div.Biol.Surv.10.Washington,DC.U.S.Department of Agriculture.1898.1-79
[6]Dokuchaev V V.On the theory of naturalzones[C].1899.In:Sochineniya(Collected Works).6:Moscow-Leningrad.1951
[7]Herbertson.The major natural regions:an essay in systematicgeography[J].Geogr J.,1905,25:300-312
[8]Bailey R G.Ecoregins of the United States[M].Ogden.UT:USDA Forest Service.Intermountain Region.1:7 500 000.Colored.1976
[9]Bailey R G.Explanatory Supplement to Ecoregions Map of the Continents[J].Environmental Conservation,1986,16(4)
[10]Bailey R G,Hogg H C.A world ecoregions map fox resource partitioning[J].Environmental Conservation,1989,13:195-202
[11]Wiken E B.Ecozones of Canada[M].Environment Canada.Lands Directorate.Ottawa.Ontario(mimeo).1982.
[12]Prentice I C,Cramer W,Harrison S P,et al.Global biome model predicting global vegetation pattems from plant physiology and dominance soil properties and climate[J].Biogeogr.,1992,19:117-134
[13]Box E O.Factors determining distributions of tree species and plant functional types[J].Vegetation,1995,121:101-116
[14]Holdridge L R.Life zone ecology[M].Tropical Science Cener.San Jose.Costa Rica.1967.
[15]Matthews E.Global vegetation and land use:new high-resolution databases for climate studies[J].Climate Appl.Meteorol,1983,22:474-487
[16]Stolz J F,Botakin D B,Dastoor M N.The Integral Biosphere.In:Rambler M B,Margulis I,Fester Reds.Global Ecology:Towards a Science of the Biosnhere[M].San Diego:Academic Press,1989.36-37
[17]Schultz J.Eco-zones of the World:the Ecological Divisions of the Geo-sphere[M].Berlin:Springer-Verlag Press,1995.5-71
[18]竺可祯.中国气候区域论[J].气象研究所集刊,1931,第1号
[19]黄秉维.中国之植物区域(上)[J].史地杂志,1940,1(3):19-30
[20]黄秉维.中国之植物区域(下)[J].史地杂志,1941,1(4):38-52
[21]林超,冯绳武,郑伯仁.中国自然地理区划大纲(摘要)[J].地理学报,1954,20(4)
[22]黄秉维.中国综合自然区划草案[J].科学通报,1959,18:594-602
[23]任美愕,杨纫章.中国自然区划问题[J].地理学报,1961,27:66-74
[24]中国科学院自然区划工作委员会.中国综合自然区划(初稿)[M].北京:科学出版社,1959
[25]侯学煜,马溶之.中国植被土壤分区图[M].北京:地图出版社,1956
[26]钱崇澎.中国植被的类型[J].地理学报,1956,26(6):422-434
[27]刘慎愕,冯宗炜,赵大昌.关于中国植被区划的若干原则问题[J].植物学报,1959,8(2):87-105
[28]侯学煜.中国的植被(附1/800万中国植被图和植被分区图)[M].北京:人民教育出版社,1960
[29]侯学煜.论中国植被分区的原则、依据和系统单位[J].植物生态学与地植物学丛刊,1964,2(2):153-179
[30]侯学煜.对于中国自然区的农、林、牧、副、渔业发展方向的意见[J].科学通报,1963,(9):8-26
[31]黄秉维.中国综合自然区划纲要[J].地理集刊,北京:科学出版社,1989,21:10-20
[32]熊毅.生态区划在农业现代化中的重要意义[J].土壤,1980,(6):201-203
[33]侯学煜.中国自然生态区划与大农业发展战略[M].北京:科学出版社,1988
[34]国家环境保护局自然保护司,中国生态问题报告限],北京:中国环境科学出版社,1999
[35]杨勤业,李双成.中国生态地域划分的若干问题[J].生态学报,1999,19(5):596-601
[36]黄兴文,陈百明.中国生态资产区划的理论与应用[J].生态学报,1999,19(5)602-606
[37]欧阳志云,王效科,苗鸿.中国生态环境敏感性及其区域差异规律研究[J].生态学报,2000,20(1):9-12
[38]王效科,欧阳志云,肖寒等.中国水土流失敏感性分布规律及其区划[J].生态学报,2001,21(1):14-19
[39]苗鸿,王效科,欧阳志云.中国生态环境胁迫过程区划研究[J].生态学报,2001,21(1):7-13
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