宁波中山东路街道色彩控制研究
|
摘要
改革开放以来,中国处于快速城市化的进程中。在这过程中,大城市迅速扩张,中小型城镇大量涌现。然而在中国城市的大步幅发展中,原先的城市特色逐渐消失,色彩污染日益严重。进入21世纪以来,各个城市为了挖掘发展潜力,都力求在各自城市形象上突出独特风格,以扩大其在区域上,甚至在国际上的影响。城市色彩作为城市形象的重要影响因素,在很大程度上可以体现城市的视觉环境品质,反映城市的地域自然与历史文化特征,代表城市的特性和人文内涵,因此色彩近年来也日益受到重视。
当前国内研究还是偏重以都市城镇为研究对象的宏观层面,以街道界面色彩为研究对象的微观层面所做的研究不多。在具体项目上,目前城市规模的色彩编制也做了不少,然而在城市建筑色彩规划管理规定方面,往往出现规划弹性较大,定性化描述无法准确定位,规划应变能力差等问题。综上所述,笔者认为相对宏观层面而言,城市街道色彩作为影响公共色彩意象和城市感知度的重要领域,直接体现和影响城市风貌,需要更深入、更细致、更实际的色彩设计方法。
本文在阅读大量相关文献的基础上,对色彩规划研究、街道色彩景观研究以及城市设计理论进行了总结归纳,之后截取了能体现宁波地域特色的宁波中山东路进行调查研究。通过现场摄影取材、色卡比对的方式,建立了城市街道色彩数据库。然后通过对色彩数据的分析,遵照色彩对比原则和色彩调和原则,研究街道现状色彩的整体协调性、连续度、主次层次性。之后,笔者指出了城市街道色彩存在的不足之处,并提出了相应的整改。
China is in the process of rapid urbanization from the reform and opening. The big cities expand quickly and a large number of towns emerged in this process. In China, however, with the stride pace of development of the cities, the original city features disappeared gradually, and color pollution is increasingly serious. Since the beginning of the 21st century, in order to tap the potential for development, various cities have sought to highlight the unique style in their own image of the city to expand in the region, even in the international area.
The current research in china is emphasis on urban cities for the study of the macro level, and the study on the street color of micro level is not much. At present, color planning of city size has done mush in the specific project. However, in the regulations of urban color planing, problems such as planning flexibility, not inaccurate positioning of qualitative description and poor urgency-dealing ability of planning often appear. In summary, I think that to the macro-level, urban street color as the field of public-color imagery and urban perception, reflects and has influence on cityscape directly, and we need more color design method which is more deeply, more detailed, and more practical.
On the basis of reading much related literature, researches on the color planning, color of street of landscape and the theory of urban design are summarized in the paper. Then, I choose Ningbo Zhongshan East Road which embodies the regional characteristics of Ningbo as research object. Through on-site photographic material and color matching, I set up database of city street color. By the analysis of the color data, the existing rule and characteristics of the street status color are researched. In the end, following the principle of color contrast and color harmony, I point out the shortcomings of the color of city street, and put forward the corresponding rectification.
当前国内研究还是偏重以都市城镇为研究对象的宏观层面,以街道界面色彩为研究对象的微观层面所做的研究不多。在具体项目上,目前城市规模的色彩编制也做了不少,然而在城市建筑色彩规划管理规定方面,往往出现规划弹性较大,定性化描述无法准确定位,规划应变能力差等问题。综上所述,笔者认为相对宏观层面而言,城市街道色彩作为影响公共色彩意象和城市感知度的重要领域,直接体现和影响城市风貌,需要更深入、更细致、更实际的色彩设计方法。
本文在阅读大量相关文献的基础上,对色彩规划研究、街道色彩景观研究以及城市设计理论进行了总结归纳,之后截取了能体现宁波地域特色的宁波中山东路进行调查研究。通过现场摄影取材、色卡比对的方式,建立了城市街道色彩数据库。然后通过对色彩数据的分析,遵照色彩对比原则和色彩调和原则,研究街道现状色彩的整体协调性、连续度、主次层次性。之后,笔者指出了城市街道色彩存在的不足之处,并提出了相应的整改。
China is in the process of rapid urbanization from the reform and opening. The big cities expand quickly and a large number of towns emerged in this process. In China, however, with the stride pace of development of the cities, the original city features disappeared gradually, and color pollution is increasingly serious. Since the beginning of the 21st century, in order to tap the potential for development, various cities have sought to highlight the unique style in their own image of the city to expand in the region, even in the international area.
The current research in china is emphasis on urban cities for the study of the macro level, and the study on the street color of micro level is not much. At present, color planning of city size has done mush in the specific project. However, in the regulations of urban color planing, problems such as planning flexibility, not inaccurate positioning of qualitative description and poor urgency-dealing ability of planning often appear. In summary, I think that to the macro-level, urban street color as the field of public-color imagery and urban perception, reflects and has influence on cityscape directly, and we need more color design method which is more deeply, more detailed, and more practical.
On the basis of reading much related literature, researches on the color planning, color of street of landscape and the theory of urban design are summarized in the paper. Then, I choose Ningbo Zhongshan East Road which embodies the regional characteristics of Ningbo as research object. Through on-site photographic material and color matching, I set up database of city street color. By the analysis of the color data, the existing rule and characteristics of the street status color are researched. In the end, following the principle of color contrast and color harmony, I point out the shortcomings of the color of city street, and put forward the corresponding rectification.
引文
[1]尹思谨.城市色彩景观规划设计.南京：东南大学出版社,2004.5.
[2]日本视觉设计研究所编,于雯竹,陆娜译.设计配色基础.北京：中国青年出版社,2004.1.
[3]大阪市计画局计画部地域计画科.大阪市色彩景观设计手册.平成8年6月
[4]宋建明.色彩设计在法国.上海：上海人民美术出版社,1999.
[5]凯文·林奇.城市意象.北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1990.
[6][日]吉田慎悟环境色彩设计技法——街区色彩营造.北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2011.
[7]苟爱萍.从色彩到空间——街道色彩规划.南京：东南大学出版社,2010.
[8]武汉市规划设计研究院编.武汉城市建筑色彩技术导则.2003
[9][日]芦原义信著,尹培桐译.百花文艺出版社,2006
[1]魏薇,胡明杰.我国色彩规划研究评述——兼论新时期色彩规划研究创新.规划师,2012,1.
[2]陈玮,王涛,丛蕾.创建“多样和谐”的城市色彩环境—武汉城市建筑色彩控制和引导技术.城市规划,2004.12
[3]杨维祥,熊向宁,黄生辉.武汉城市色彩规划探讨.规划师,2003.9.
[4]卢春霞,汤浩.城市设计中的色彩规划—以苏州古城街景城市设计为例.规划师,2003.12.
[5]阎树鑫,郑正.城市设计中的色彩引导—以温州中心城为例城市规划汇刊.2003.4
[6]焦燕.城市建筑色彩的表现与规划.城市规划,2001.3.
[7]辛艺峰.现代城市环境色彩设计方法研究.建筑学报,2005.5.
[8]邓清华.城市色彩探析.现代城市研究,2002.4.
[9]尹思谨.城市色彩景观的规划与设计.世界建筑,2003.9.
[10]焦燕,詹庆.当代中国大城市居住建筑色彩的现状与分析—以北京、上海、广州、深圳、香港等五个城市为例.城市开发,2002.2.
[11]途海勇,胡海燕.当代城市建筑色彩设计的几个问题.规划师,2004.7.
[12]吴松涛,陆明,郭嵘.寒地城市色彩规划研究.低温建筑技术,2001.3.
[13]维雷娜,申德勒.欧洲建筑的色彩文化—浅述建筑色彩运用的不同方法.世界建筑,2003.9.
[14]李秀珍,肖笃宁.城市的景观生态学探讨.城市环境与环境生态,1995.4.
[15]车生泉.城市绿色廊道研究.城市规划,2001.11.
[1]黄晶.城市色彩的识别系统.武汉：华中科技大学,2004.
[2]程嵘.城市色彩规划管理初探.长沙：中南大学,2010.
[3]孙森.北京城市色彩景观的研究与探索.北京：北京服装学院,2004.3.
[4]程力真.北京居住色彩的形成、变迁与更新.北京：北京建筑工程学院,2003.
[5]郭春燕.寒地城市住区建筑及环境色彩研究.哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学,2003.
[6]曾乐乎.长沙城市色彩景观规划研究.长沙：湖南大学,2008.
[7]张春蕾.深圳市宝城街道色彩规划研究.哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学,2008.
[8]张正辉.杭州市城市色彩景观研究.杭州：浙江大学,2006.
[1]Harold Linton, Color in Architecture:Design Methods for Buildings, Interiors, and Urban Spaces, New York:McGraw-Hill,1999.
[2]Jean-Philippe Lenclos, Dominique Lenclos. Doors of the World. W. W. Norton.2005:36.
[3]Don-Soh PARK. Traditional and local Colors in the Contemporary Environmental Design.AIC Color.1997
宁波市规划局：http://www.nbplanning.gov.cn
宁波市规划设计研究院：http://www.nbplanning.com.cn
杭州市国土资源局：http://www.nblr.gov.cn/
维基百科：http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E6%B3%A2%E5%B8%82#.E6.B0.94.E5.80.99
E都市：http://ningbo.edushi.com/
[2]日本视觉设计研究所编,于雯竹,陆娜译.设计配色基础.北京：中国青年出版社,2004.1.
[3]大阪市计画局计画部地域计画科.大阪市色彩景观设计手册.平成8年6月
[4]宋建明.色彩设计在法国.上海：上海人民美术出版社,1999.
[5]凯文·林奇.城市意象.北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1990.
[6][日]吉田慎悟环境色彩设计技法——街区色彩营造.北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2011.
[7]苟爱萍.从色彩到空间——街道色彩规划.南京：东南大学出版社,2010.
[8]武汉市规划设计研究院编.武汉城市建筑色彩技术导则.2003
[9][日]芦原义信著,尹培桐译.百花文艺出版社,2006
[1]魏薇,胡明杰.我国色彩规划研究评述——兼论新时期色彩规划研究创新.规划师,2012,1.
[2]陈玮,王涛,丛蕾.创建“多样和谐”的城市色彩环境—武汉城市建筑色彩控制和引导技术.城市规划,2004.12
[3]杨维祥,熊向宁,黄生辉.武汉城市色彩规划探讨.规划师,2003.9.
[4]卢春霞,汤浩.城市设计中的色彩规划—以苏州古城街景城市设计为例.规划师,2003.12.
[5]阎树鑫,郑正.城市设计中的色彩引导—以温州中心城为例城市规划汇刊.2003.4
[6]焦燕.城市建筑色彩的表现与规划.城市规划,2001.3.
[7]辛艺峰.现代城市环境色彩设计方法研究.建筑学报,2005.5.
[8]邓清华.城市色彩探析.现代城市研究,2002.4.
[9]尹思谨.城市色彩景观的规划与设计.世界建筑,2003.9.
[10]焦燕,詹庆.当代中国大城市居住建筑色彩的现状与分析—以北京、上海、广州、深圳、香港等五个城市为例.城市开发,2002.2.
[11]途海勇,胡海燕.当代城市建筑色彩设计的几个问题.规划师,2004.7.
[12]吴松涛,陆明,郭嵘.寒地城市色彩规划研究.低温建筑技术,2001.3.
[13]维雷娜,申德勒.欧洲建筑的色彩文化—浅述建筑色彩运用的不同方法.世界建筑,2003.9.
[14]李秀珍,肖笃宁.城市的景观生态学探讨.城市环境与环境生态,1995.4.
[15]车生泉.城市绿色廊道研究.城市规划,2001.11.
[1]黄晶.城市色彩的识别系统.武汉：华中科技大学,2004.
[2]程嵘.城市色彩规划管理初探.长沙：中南大学,2010.
[3]孙森.北京城市色彩景观的研究与探索.北京：北京服装学院,2004.3.
[4]程力真.北京居住色彩的形成、变迁与更新.北京：北京建筑工程学院,2003.
[5]郭春燕.寒地城市住区建筑及环境色彩研究.哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学,2003.
[6]曾乐乎.长沙城市色彩景观规划研究.长沙：湖南大学,2008.
[7]张春蕾.深圳市宝城街道色彩规划研究.哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学,2008.
[8]张正辉.杭州市城市色彩景观研究.杭州：浙江大学,2006.
[1]Harold Linton, Color in Architecture:Design Methods for Buildings, Interiors, and Urban Spaces, New York:McGraw-Hill,1999.
[2]Jean-Philippe Lenclos, Dominique Lenclos. Doors of the World. W. W. Norton.2005:36.
[3]Don-Soh PARK. Traditional and local Colors in the Contemporary Environmental Design.AIC Color.1997
宁波市规划局：http://www.nbplanning.gov.cn
宁波市规划设计研究院：http://www.nbplanning.com.cn
杭州市国土资源局：http://www.nblr.gov.cn/
维基百科：http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E6%B3%A2%E5%B8%82#.E6.B0.94.E5.80.99
E都市：http://ningbo.edushi.com/