基于GIS的工程场地地震危险性分析系统的研究与开发
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摘要
工程场地地震危险性分析研究是指根据工程建设场地的场地条件和对历史上发生的地震参数统计,对研究地区的工程建设场地在未来可能遭受到的地震影响程度做出的科学评价。是在对工程建设场地所在的地震与地质环境条件进行详细研究分析的基础上,以地震的震源、场地条件为基础,从工程的角度来研究地震发生后的传播、衰减规律和场地地震液化效应。其目的是为工程结构抗震设计提供依据。
本研究是在导师李向新负责的云南省自然科学基金项目《基于GIS的昆明市道路网抗震性评价及灾害预测》的研究的基础上进行的,主要是将GIS应用于工程场地地震危险性分析中,利用GIS强大的空间数据存储和管理、空间分析以及可视化功能,将工程场地钻孔数据进行系统化的管理和分析,并可视化显示分析结果。本文主要利用ArcGIS系列软件提供的二次开发组件Arc Engine开发出工程场地地震危险性分析系统。
本文在详细研究了前人进行工程场地地震危险性分析方法的基础上开发出工程场地地震液化空间分布、场地反应谱特征周期空间分布、地震影响场生成等模块。其中研究内容主要包括以下几个方面：
1.工程场地地震危险性分析的基本理论方法；
2.地震动参数衰减模型和工程场地地震液化模型；
3.GIS应用于工程场地地震危险性分析的方法；
4.工程场地地震危险性分析数据库的设计和建立；
5.将计算模型嵌入GIS系统中,开发出有着友好人机交互界面的系统,更具直观操作性；
总体来说,基于GIS工程场地的地震危险性分析系统可以为工程场地数据存储管理提供合理的方法,为结果的直观展示提供方便快捷的手段,为城区建设提供场地资料,为城市工程结构抗震设计提供帮助。
Seismic hazard analysis for engineering site research means to scientifically evaluate on the earthquake influence degree for study area when suffered in the fixture according to the statistics of the site conditions and the parameters of earthquake history. The study and analysis of seismic and geological environmental conditions of the site are based on epicenter of earthquake, site conditions, and to study the wave propagation, attenuation and seismic liquefaction effects after earthquake form the engineering point of view. The purpose of the paper is to provide basis knowledge for seismic design of engineering structures.
This study follows through the study of Yunnan Province Natural Science Foundation project named "GIS-based seismic evaluation and disaster prediction of the road network in Kunming".The present study is focused on seismic hazard analysis of engineering site. The spatial and attribute data of large amount of boring logs are systematic management and analysis engineering site by means of GIS-the powerful spatial data storage and management,the results are visualized by GIS. Finally a seismic hazard analysis system has been developed with the aid of components of Arc Engine which is provided by ArcGIS series software.
This paper has developed several modules, including the spatial distribution of seismic liquefaction, site response spectrum characteristic periods and earthquake-affected field generated,etc based on the previous study on seismic hazard analysis system for engineering site. Studies in this paper include the following contents:
1. The basic theories and methods of the engineering site seismic hazard analysis;
2. Ground motion attenuation model and engineering site seismic liquefaction model;
3. The methods of GIS used in engineering site seismic hazard analysis;
4. Design and build of engineering site seismic hazard analysis database;
5. Development of the calculate model embedded into GIS systems which has friendly interactive interface,and more intuitive operability;
Generally Speaking, GIS-Based seismic hazard analysis system for engineering site can provide reasonable methods for engineering site data storage and management, provide convenient and efficient means for the display of result visualization, provide site information for the city development and provide means for seismic design of engineering structures.
本研究是在导师李向新负责的云南省自然科学基金项目《基于GIS的昆明市道路网抗震性评价及灾害预测》的研究的基础上进行的,主要是将GIS应用于工程场地地震危险性分析中,利用GIS强大的空间数据存储和管理、空间分析以及可视化功能,将工程场地钻孔数据进行系统化的管理和分析,并可视化显示分析结果。本文主要利用ArcGIS系列软件提供的二次开发组件Arc Engine开发出工程场地地震危险性分析系统。
本文在详细研究了前人进行工程场地地震危险性分析方法的基础上开发出工程场地地震液化空间分布、场地反应谱特征周期空间分布、地震影响场生成等模块。其中研究内容主要包括以下几个方面：
1.工程场地地震危险性分析的基本理论方法；
2.地震动参数衰减模型和工程场地地震液化模型；
3.GIS应用于工程场地地震危险性分析的方法；
4.工程场地地震危险性分析数据库的设计和建立；
5.将计算模型嵌入GIS系统中,开发出有着友好人机交互界面的系统,更具直观操作性；
总体来说,基于GIS工程场地的地震危险性分析系统可以为工程场地数据存储管理提供合理的方法,为结果的直观展示提供方便快捷的手段,为城区建设提供场地资料,为城市工程结构抗震设计提供帮助。
Seismic hazard analysis for engineering site research means to scientifically evaluate on the earthquake influence degree for study area when suffered in the fixture according to the statistics of the site conditions and the parameters of earthquake history. The study and analysis of seismic and geological environmental conditions of the site are based on epicenter of earthquake, site conditions, and to study the wave propagation, attenuation and seismic liquefaction effects after earthquake form the engineering point of view. The purpose of the paper is to provide basis knowledge for seismic design of engineering structures.
This study follows through the study of Yunnan Province Natural Science Foundation project named "GIS-based seismic evaluation and disaster prediction of the road network in Kunming".The present study is focused on seismic hazard analysis of engineering site. The spatial and attribute data of large amount of boring logs are systematic management and analysis engineering site by means of GIS-the powerful spatial data storage and management,the results are visualized by GIS. Finally a seismic hazard analysis system has been developed with the aid of components of Arc Engine which is provided by ArcGIS series software.
This paper has developed several modules, including the spatial distribution of seismic liquefaction, site response spectrum characteristic periods and earthquake-affected field generated,etc based on the previous study on seismic hazard analysis system for engineering site. Studies in this paper include the following contents:
1. The basic theories and methods of the engineering site seismic hazard analysis;
2. Ground motion attenuation model and engineering site seismic liquefaction model;
3. The methods of GIS used in engineering site seismic hazard analysis;
4. Design and build of engineering site seismic hazard analysis database;
5. Development of the calculate model embedded into GIS systems which has friendly interactive interface,and more intuitive operability;
Generally Speaking, GIS-Based seismic hazard analysis system for engineering site can provide reasonable methods for engineering site data storage and management, provide convenient and efficient means for the display of result visualization, provide site information for the city development and provide means for seismic design of engineering structures.
引文
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[2]Li Xiangxin, Li Gang, Li Cunzhi. GIS-based Analysis of Ground Motion Parameters and GroundLiquefaction Discrimination for Kunming Basin,China
[3]《减灾必读》,地震出版社,1990.
[4]顾林生.从防灾减灾走向危机管理的日本[J],城市与减灾,2003,31.
[5]Fuji, T. Urban structure and damage caused by an earthquake. a case study in the eastern KobeCity by GIS Geomechanics Abstracts Volume. May 6,1997, Issue:3:137-138
[6]Chatekain. J-L, Guillier, B., Souris, M., Duperier, E., Yepes, H. Evaluating natural hazards using GIS. The case of seismic hazard in Quite International Journal of Rock Mechanics and MiningSciences&Geomecha-ics Abstracts Volume, October,1996,33(7):295A
[7]Tarr A C. GIS activities supporting seisemic zonation studies in the southern pugetsound. Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on seismic Zonafion. Washington:a case study,1991,90-95
[8]HWANG, H M. Probabilistic mapping of peak hark--rock acceleration in the memphis area. roceedings of the 4th International Conference on seismic Zonation Washington:a casestudy,1991,30-33
[9]MATSUOKA M. GIS-based Integrated seismic hazard mapping for a largeme tropolitanarea. Prcoeedings of the 4th International Conferenceon Seism Zonaflon, Washington:a case study,1991.
[10]吴允涛.基于GIS的工程地质评价信息系统研究.[硕士学位论文],中国海洋大学,2008.
[11]张秀芳,李善峰.国内外城市环境地质工作进展.中国地质灾害与防治学报.2004,15(4)：96-100
[12]左惠强.基于GIS的地震危险性分析.[博士学位论文].哈尔滨：国家地震局工程力学研究所,1996.
[13]胡鹏,华一新.地理信息系统教科托[M].武汉：武汉大学出版社,2002.
[14]《建筑抗震设计规范》(GB50011.2001).
[15]方海尔,施斌,王宝军.GIS在环境岩土工程中应用的回顾与展望[J],工程勘测,1980(1).
[16]陈沽宝.浅议多元统计分析判别砂土液化[J].华北地震科学1994,12(4).
[17]于丹.我国城市空间数据库和GIS应用的现状与前景[J].工程勘察,1980(1)：1-6
[18]张永波,张礼中,周小园等.地质灾害信息系统的设计与开发[M].北京：地质出版社,2000.12-38
[19]王思福,谢周敏,赵国存,刘德权.地基基础与建筑场地类别划分.防灾减灾工程学报,2005,3,25(1)：74-79
[20]张拥军.基于GIS的沙土液化可视化评价信息系统研究.[硕士学位论文].合肥工业大学,2004.
[21]温瑞智.基于GIS的防震减灾信系统.[博士学位论文].哈尔滨：国家地震局工程力学研究所,1999.
[22]中国建筑科学研究院.唐山市综合防灾的研究(中国建筑科学院研究报告).中国建筑科学研究院,1997.
[23]马东辉,苏经宇,樊水荣等.基于GIS的抗震设防区划计算机应用模型.自然灾害学报,1998,7(2)：74-78
[24]屈春燕,叶洪.利用GIS分析活动断裂与地震的相关性.地震研究,2000,23(1)：72-75
[25]江建华,李素贞,李杰.基于GIS的诚实生命线地震反映仿真研究-以上海供水系统为例.工程抗震,2001,(1)：37-42
[26]火恩杰,宋俊高,朱元清等.GIS在城市防震减灾应急决策中的应用.自然灾害学报,2000,9(3)：15-22
[27]王景来,苏有锦,金志林等.玉溪地震减灾信息系统研究-GIS在地震减灾中的应用.地震研究1991,22(3)：285-289
[28]张秀彦.基于GIS的城市防震减灾动态管理信息系统研究.[硕士学位论文].河北理工大学,2005.
[29]http://baike.baidu.com/view/879997.htm?fr=ala0_1
[30]岳丽燕,胡文亮.地理信息可视化研究.河北师范大学学报,2003,27(7)：421-424
[31]岳安平.工程场地地震危险性分析.华北水电水利学院.[硕士学位论文],2006.
[32]沈聚敏,周锡元等编著.抗震工程学.中国建筑工业出版社,2000年12月.
[33]刘惠珊,张在明.地震区的场地与地基基础[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1994
[34]http://baike.baidu.com/view/66144.htm?fr=ala0_1
[35]陈晓霞.基于GIS的地震灾害损失快速评估系统.[硕士学位论文],南京邮电大学,2005
[36]吴盂泉,崔伟宏,梅新.基于空间数据引擎的数据库设计与构建.计算机软件工程,2007,33(3)：48-50
[37]汤皓,陈国兴,刘建达.GIS环境下大区域工程场地地震液化势的二维概率评价方法.防震减灾工程学报.2007,3(8)：296-299
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