城市燃气互换性理论及应用研究
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摘要
针对我国目前城市燃气的现状和发展趋势,研究我国的城市燃气互换性理论、基于互换性原理的配气技术;进行燃气互换性综合测试实验系统平台的设计、建设、装配与调试,测定典型燃气具适应域;并提出未来工作的展望。
燃气互换性理论及应用研究,理论上采用了综合分析、对比论证和归纳研究方法;实验上采用建立实验装置,进行探索性实验的方法。通过动态实时流量测控技术,建立不同燃气具燃烧性能曲线的测定装置,得出典型燃气具的燃气适应域和典型城市的燃气互换域。根据不同配气方法得出的置换气和基准气的燃烧工况,推出了影响试验配气的主要燃烧特性指数。研究内容主要包括:
1.理论方面的研究。城市燃气互换性是一个复杂的技术体系,包括城市燃气气源的互换性和燃气用具的气质适应性。本文介绍了燃气组分变化对燃气燃烧特性的影响;研究了影响燃烧火焰稳定性的主要因素;综述了目前国内外的燃气互换性判别方法;并分析了与燃气互换性有关的主要燃烧特性指数。
2.燃气互换性测试实验研究。研发了燃气具适应性测试实验系统与装置,建立了多气源互换性及燃气具气质适应性测试实验平台;实验确定了燃气具的气质适应性区间,提出了城市燃气互换域的确定方法;开发出实时连续、流量可调可控、燃气组分随机调整、无需缓冲罐,自动化、小流量配制各种燃气,进行燃气具燃烧特性测试的实验装置。该系统与装置形成了量化燃气具设计质量、性能测试的实验手段,为我国燃气具行业的产品设计和质量评定、技术升级提供了实验测试平台。
3.基于互换性原理的燃气配气技术研究。基于互换性原理,对传统的燃气配气技术和方法进行了分析和评价,指出其局限性;对燃气实验配气方法提出了修正,并进行实验测试和验证;建立了“多组分、多指数”的配气实验方法。指出:燃气互换性的主要特性指数可以选择华白数W、燃烧势CP、黄焰指数I_j。
In view of the current situation and development trend of city gas, the theory of city gas interchangeability in China and gas blending technology based on the principle of interchangeability were studied. Integrated gas interchangeability and blending test system has been designed, constructed, assembled and commissioned, typical testing device or system adapt to flexibility domain of gas appliances has also been determined. And future prospects of research and development on this filed has been progressed, together with the trends and direction of the research work.
The research, on gas interchangeability theory and application, has established experimental devices to test and determine combustion characteristics of gas appliances using the methods of synthesis, antithesis and induction. Through dynamic and real-time flow measurement and control technology, the identification device for testing curves of different gas combustion performance was established, with which the flexibility domain of typical gas appliances and interchangeability domain of typical city gases can be obtained. With the combustion characteristic conditions of substitute gas and reference gas blended by different method, the main combustion characteristics index to affect test gas blending were obtained. The main work and study results include:
1.Theoretical research. City gas interchangeability theory is a complex technical system, including interchangeability of city gas and flexibility of gas appliances. Changes in gas components have a major impact on gas combustion characteristics. The main factors affecting gas flame stability have been studied. Current domestic and international gas interchangeability judgment methods have also been reviewed. The paper also analyzed the principal combustion characteristics indexes of gas interchangeability.
2.Experiments on gas interchangeability test. Testing systems and devices of flexibility domain of gas appliances was advanced, the integrated experimental platform of multi-gas-interchangeability-test and gas-appliance-flexibility-test was established. The flexible range of gas appliances to different gases and the interchangeability domain of city gases were determined experimentally. The devices have the advantages of real-time operation, continuous gas flowing, adjustable gas flow measurement and random flow control, gas components adjusted freely, no buffer tank, automatic design, small and accurate multi-gas blending, to test and determine the combustion characteristics of gas appliances. The system and device forms the experimental measures to quantify the design quality and characteristics of gas appliances, which provides test foundation and platform for product design, performance test, quality assessment and technology upgrading for gas appliance industry aiming to multi-gas resources in China.
3.Research on city gas blending technology based on interchangeability. Traditional city gas blending technology and methods have been analyzed and evaluated based on the principle of interchangeability. Its limitation has also been pointed out, and the experimental gas blending method was amended, tested and verified. City gas blending method of "multi-component, multi-index" was developed. The study points out: the main combustion characteristic indexes of gas interchangeability and gas blending methods can be Wobbe index, Combustion Potential index and Yellow Flame index.
燃气互换性理论及应用研究,理论上采用了综合分析、对比论证和归纳研究方法;实验上采用建立实验装置,进行探索性实验的方法。通过动态实时流量测控技术,建立不同燃气具燃烧性能曲线的测定装置,得出典型燃气具的燃气适应域和典型城市的燃气互换域。根据不同配气方法得出的置换气和基准气的燃烧工况,推出了影响试验配气的主要燃烧特性指数。研究内容主要包括:
1.理论方面的研究。城市燃气互换性是一个复杂的技术体系,包括城市燃气气源的互换性和燃气用具的气质适应性。本文介绍了燃气组分变化对燃气燃烧特性的影响;研究了影响燃烧火焰稳定性的主要因素;综述了目前国内外的燃气互换性判别方法;并分析了与燃气互换性有关的主要燃烧特性指数。
2.燃气互换性测试实验研究。研发了燃气具适应性测试实验系统与装置,建立了多气源互换性及燃气具气质适应性测试实验平台;实验确定了燃气具的气质适应性区间,提出了城市燃气互换域的确定方法;开发出实时连续、流量可调可控、燃气组分随机调整、无需缓冲罐,自动化、小流量配制各种燃气,进行燃气具燃烧特性测试的实验装置。该系统与装置形成了量化燃气具设计质量、性能测试的实验手段,为我国燃气具行业的产品设计和质量评定、技术升级提供了实验测试平台。
3.基于互换性原理的燃气配气技术研究。基于互换性原理,对传统的燃气配气技术和方法进行了分析和评价,指出其局限性;对燃气实验配气方法提出了修正,并进行实验测试和验证;建立了“多组分、多指数”的配气实验方法。指出:燃气互换性的主要特性指数可以选择华白数W、燃烧势CP、黄焰指数I_j。
In view of the current situation and development trend of city gas, the theory of city gas interchangeability in China and gas blending technology based on the principle of interchangeability were studied. Integrated gas interchangeability and blending test system has been designed, constructed, assembled and commissioned, typical testing device or system adapt to flexibility domain of gas appliances has also been determined. And future prospects of research and development on this filed has been progressed, together with the trends and direction of the research work.
The research, on gas interchangeability theory and application, has established experimental devices to test and determine combustion characteristics of gas appliances using the methods of synthesis, antithesis and induction. Through dynamic and real-time flow measurement and control technology, the identification device for testing curves of different gas combustion performance was established, with which the flexibility domain of typical gas appliances and interchangeability domain of typical city gases can be obtained. With the combustion characteristic conditions of substitute gas and reference gas blended by different method, the main combustion characteristics index to affect test gas blending were obtained. The main work and study results include:
1.Theoretical research. City gas interchangeability theory is a complex technical system, including interchangeability of city gas and flexibility of gas appliances. Changes in gas components have a major impact on gas combustion characteristics. The main factors affecting gas flame stability have been studied. Current domestic and international gas interchangeability judgment methods have also been reviewed. The paper also analyzed the principal combustion characteristics indexes of gas interchangeability.
2.Experiments on gas interchangeability test. Testing systems and devices of flexibility domain of gas appliances was advanced, the integrated experimental platform of multi-gas-interchangeability-test and gas-appliance-flexibility-test was established. The flexible range of gas appliances to different gases and the interchangeability domain of city gases were determined experimentally. The devices have the advantages of real-time operation, continuous gas flowing, adjustable gas flow measurement and random flow control, gas components adjusted freely, no buffer tank, automatic design, small and accurate multi-gas blending, to test and determine the combustion characteristics of gas appliances. The system and device forms the experimental measures to quantify the design quality and characteristics of gas appliances, which provides test foundation and platform for product design, performance test, quality assessment and technology upgrading for gas appliance industry aiming to multi-gas resources in China.
3.Research on city gas blending technology based on interchangeability. Traditional city gas blending technology and methods have been analyzed and evaluated based on the principle of interchangeability. Its limitation has also been pointed out, and the experimental gas blending method was amended, tested and verified. City gas blending method of "multi-component, multi-index" was developed. The study points out: the main combustion characteristic indexes of gas interchangeability and gas blending methods can be Wobbe index, Combustion Potential index and Yellow Flame index.
引文
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