城镇高中农村籍寄宿生学习问题行为调查及其对策研究
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摘要
城镇高级中学里来自农村的那一批批高中寄宿生，是值得当今社会关注的一个学生群体。他们需要置身于学校宿舍这样一个相对特殊的环境中走过高中三年平凡而又不乏艰辛的求学历程，必然会面临诸多问题和困难，由此调整或处理不当则容易导致在不少寄宿生身上诱发一些学习问题行为。笔者以江西省德兴铜矿中学的寄宿生作为研究对象，经过观察，访谈与调查，发现寄宿生在高中学习成长的不同阶段由于寄宿而助长产生学习方面的种种心理问题与现象，并以此剖析其学习问题行为成因，本着以人为本的教育思想，提出了“群策群力，构建和谐宿舍”的寄宿生生活模式设想，以期构建有利于促进寄宿生身心和谐发展的宿舍环境，帮助他们更加顺利地完成高中学业。
本研究的主要结论如下：
1、城镇高中寄宿生数量激增是我国基础教育高级阶段教育规模扩张的必然结果。随着高中生寄宿现象的日益凸显，寄宿生的学业生活环境需要更加引起关注，他们在高中不同阶段普遍存在的一些学习问题行为必然对其学业状况产生深刻影响。
2、高中寄宿生由于寄宿而助长产生的种种学习方面的问题行为，寻根究底，宿舍管理中存在的问题，宿舍集体生活环境的不良影响，家庭方面的消极因素以及学生自身的认知误区等是其主要诱因。
3、寄宿生在宿舍学习生活中既有针对物质生活条件的正常需求，必须满足他们在学习，通讯交往以及衣食住行等方面的合理需求；更有学习成长过程中的心理疏导方面的需求，他们的心理负担乃至心理障碍必须及时予以缓解和疏导。
4、寄宿生在宿舍生活中既要矢志不移成就学业，也要努力锻炼生活自理能力和培养社会主义集体责任感。这就需要寄宿生与学校积极配合，上下一致，只有“群策群力，构建和谐宿舍”，才能更有效地促进寄宿生求知强能，形成良好的社会主义道德素养。
Content: Living in the senior middle school dormitories are mostly the boarding students from the countryside, who need to take three years of hard-working to pursue their studies. And staying in such a relatively special environment, boarding students have to learn to face up to a good many problems and difficulties, otherwise it is quite easy for them to bring about some problem behavior of studies. Having the boarding students in Dexing Copper Mine Middle School as a case, the author adopts surveys, interviews and a questionnaire as his research patterns, which help to discover all sorts of problems with the boarding students of different grades and try to analyze the likely causes of them. In line with the thought of humanist education, the present article tries to propose an idea of "Pooling the wisdom and efforts of everyone so as to establish a harmonious dormitory" in order that a comfortable and instructive residential environment can contribute to the boarding students' physical and mental health, leading to going on smoothly with their studies.
The main results of research are as follows:
Ⅰ. There has been a steep rise in the number of boarding students due to the greatly-increased enrollment in senior middle schools. With the development, we need to pay more attention to relevant problems with the boarding students, as some problem behavior of the students in different grades will surely bring in some bad effect on their studies.
Ⅱ. The causes of the boarding students' problem behavior lie in problems with the dormitory management, negative influence of the residential environment, the difficult family background and the misunderstandings of the students themselves.
Ⅲ. The boarding students have to be satisfied with not only the material prerequisites for their studies, communication as well as basic necessities of life, but also some relief from their psychological burden, both of which are beneficial to the developing of their mental and physical health.
Ⅳ. The boarding students shall pledge to devote themselves to their studies, learn to take care of themselves and above all foster the socialist collective sense of
本研究的主要结论如下：
1、城镇高中寄宿生数量激增是我国基础教育高级阶段教育规模扩张的必然结果。随着高中生寄宿现象的日益凸显，寄宿生的学业生活环境需要更加引起关注，他们在高中不同阶段普遍存在的一些学习问题行为必然对其学业状况产生深刻影响。
2、高中寄宿生由于寄宿而助长产生的种种学习方面的问题行为，寻根究底，宿舍管理中存在的问题，宿舍集体生活环境的不良影响，家庭方面的消极因素以及学生自身的认知误区等是其主要诱因。
3、寄宿生在宿舍学习生活中既有针对物质生活条件的正常需求，必须满足他们在学习，通讯交往以及衣食住行等方面的合理需求；更有学习成长过程中的心理疏导方面的需求，他们的心理负担乃至心理障碍必须及时予以缓解和疏导。
4、寄宿生在宿舍生活中既要矢志不移成就学业，也要努力锻炼生活自理能力和培养社会主义集体责任感。这就需要寄宿生与学校积极配合，上下一致，只有“群策群力，构建和谐宿舍”，才能更有效地促进寄宿生求知强能，形成良好的社会主义道德素养。
Content: Living in the senior middle school dormitories are mostly the boarding students from the countryside, who need to take three years of hard-working to pursue their studies. And staying in such a relatively special environment, boarding students have to learn to face up to a good many problems and difficulties, otherwise it is quite easy for them to bring about some problem behavior of studies. Having the boarding students in Dexing Copper Mine Middle School as a case, the author adopts surveys, interviews and a questionnaire as his research patterns, which help to discover all sorts of problems with the boarding students of different grades and try to analyze the likely causes of them. In line with the thought of humanist education, the present article tries to propose an idea of "Pooling the wisdom and efforts of everyone so as to establish a harmonious dormitory" in order that a comfortable and instructive residential environment can contribute to the boarding students' physical and mental health, leading to going on smoothly with their studies.
The main results of research are as follows:
Ⅰ. There has been a steep rise in the number of boarding students due to the greatly-increased enrollment in senior middle schools. With the development, we need to pay more attention to relevant problems with the boarding students, as some problem behavior of the students in different grades will surely bring in some bad effect on their studies.
Ⅱ. The causes of the boarding students' problem behavior lie in problems with the dormitory management, negative influence of the residential environment, the difficult family background and the misunderstandings of the students themselves.
Ⅲ. The boarding students have to be satisfied with not only the material prerequisites for their studies, communication as well as basic necessities of life, but also some relief from their psychological burden, both of which are beneficial to the developing of their mental and physical health.
Ⅳ. The boarding students shall pledge to devote themselves to their studies, learn to take care of themselves and above all foster the socialist collective sense of
引文
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[2] Selman, R. L. (1980). The growth of interpersonal understanding. Development and Clinical Analysis. New York: Academic Press.
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[4] 袁振国．教育研究方法．北京：高等教育出版社，2000．7．
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[8] 漆权．创新与创新教育．上海：上海教育出版社，2003．
[9] 刘晓明，张明．中小学心理健康教育．长春：东北师范大学出版社，2004．
[10] 徐芬．学业不良儿童的教育与矫治．杭州：浙江教育出版社，1997．
[11] 萧宗六．学校管理学．北京：人民教育出版社，2001．
[12] 徐胜三．中学教育心理学．北京：人民教育出版社，2001．
[13] 林清华．观点—2003．教育．福州：福建人民出版社，2004．5．
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[14] 金一鸣．教育原理．合肥：安徽教育出版社，1995．12．
[15] 钱源伟．基础教育改革研究．上海：上海科技教育出版社，2003．4．
[16] 何建明．中国高考报告．北京：华夏出版社，2000．4．
[17] 莫雷，张卫．青少年发展与教育心理学．广州：暨南大学出版社，1997．
[18] 查啸虎，李敏．农村基础教育的问题与对策．中小学教育．2005，2期，5-9页．
[19] 彭大鹏，赵俊清．农村“留守子女”问题之社会和政策因素分析．中小学教育．2005，3期，6-9页．
[20] 陈建平．寄宿制对学生综合素质发展影响的调查与研究．教育与管理．2004．12．5．
[21] 朱永新．中国教育缺什么．教师博览．2002，10期，22-26页．
[22] 樊未晨．受追捧的“县一中模式”．教师博览．2005，4期，13-14页．[23] 高吉利，李秀萍．高中生英语自主学习能力调查．中小学英语教学与研究．2005，2期，24-27页．
[24] 张玉杰．中学生人际交往初探．心理发展与教育，1986，3期，26-27页．
[25] 赵忠心．中国家庭子女教育．北京：中国法制出版社，2000．
[26] 肖川．教育必须关注学生的生活世界．教师博览．2005，5期，6-7页．
[27] 张野，刘晓明．青少年自我概念研究及其对教学的启示．教育科学，2002，2期，47-53页．
[28] 张进辅．我国青少年学生公私观特点的研究．心理发展与教育，1993，1期，1-13页．
[29] 高新民．构建和谐社会不能脱离社会主义初级阶段现实．半月谈．2005，6期，29-31页．
[30] 邹泓．同伴关系的发展功能及影响因素．心理发展与教育．1998，2期，39-44．
[31] 郑和钧，邓京华．高中生心理学．杭州：浙江教育出版社，1999
[32] 陈芳．检讨中国高考制度．教师博览．2004，9期，10-11页．
[33] 张文质，林少敏．漫话教育活动中的人文精神．教师博览．2004，9期，24-27页．
[2] Selman, R. L. (1980). The growth of interpersonal understanding. Development and Clinical Analysis. New York: Academic Press.
[3] Wight, M. R. (1989), Body image satisfaction in adolescent girls and boys: Longitudinal study. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 18, 71-84.
[4] 袁振国．教育研究方法．北京：高等教育出版社，2000．7．
[5] 张文新．青少年发展心理学．济南：山东人民教育出版社，2002．
[6] 孙培青．中国教育史．上海：华东师范大学出版社，2000．
[7] 单中惠，杜成宪．中外教育简史．北京：北京师范大学出版社，2002．
[8] 漆权．创新与创新教育．上海：上海教育出版社，2003．
[9] 刘晓明，张明．中小学心理健康教育．长春：东北师范大学出版社，2004．
[10] 徐芬．学业不良儿童的教育与矫治．杭州：浙江教育出版社，1997．
[11] 萧宗六．学校管理学．北京：人民教育出版社，2001．
[12] 徐胜三．中学教育心理学．北京：人民教育出版社，2001．
[13] 林清华．观点—2003．教育．福州：福建人民出版社，2004．5．
[13] 赵忠心．家庭教育学．北京：人民教育出版社，1994．7．
[14] 金一鸣．教育原理．合肥：安徽教育出版社，1995．12．
[15] 钱源伟．基础教育改革研究．上海：上海科技教育出版社，2003．4．
[16] 何建明．中国高考报告．北京：华夏出版社，2000．4．
[17] 莫雷，张卫．青少年发展与教育心理学．广州：暨南大学出版社，1997．
[18] 查啸虎，李敏．农村基础教育的问题与对策．中小学教育．2005，2期，5-9页．
[19] 彭大鹏，赵俊清．农村“留守子女”问题之社会和政策因素分析．中小学教育．2005，3期，6-9页．
[20] 陈建平．寄宿制对学生综合素质发展影响的调查与研究．教育与管理．2004．12．5．
[21] 朱永新．中国教育缺什么．教师博览．2002，10期，22-26页．
[22] 樊未晨．受追捧的“县一中模式”．教师博览．2005，4期，13-14页．[23] 高吉利，李秀萍．高中生英语自主学习能力调查．中小学英语教学与研究．2005，2期，24-27页．
[24] 张玉杰．中学生人际交往初探．心理发展与教育，1986，3期，26-27页．
[25] 赵忠心．中国家庭子女教育．北京：中国法制出版社，2000．
[26] 肖川．教育必须关注学生的生活世界．教师博览．2005，5期，6-7页．
[27] 张野，刘晓明．青少年自我概念研究及其对教学的启示．教育科学，2002，2期，47-53页．
[28] 张进辅．我国青少年学生公私观特点的研究．心理发展与教育，1993，1期，1-13页．
[29] 高新民．构建和谐社会不能脱离社会主义初级阶段现实．半月谈．2005，6期，29-31页．
[30] 邹泓．同伴关系的发展功能及影响因素．心理发展与教育．1998，2期，39-44．
[31] 郑和钧，邓京华．高中生心理学．杭州：浙江教育出版社，1999
[32] 陈芳．检讨中国高考制度．教师博览．2004，9期，10-11页．
[33] 张文质，林少敏．漫话教育活动中的人文精神．教师博览．2004，9期，24-27页．