网络传输的若干问题研究
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摘要
随着网络规模的迅速扩大和新业务的不断出现,网络的性能逐渐恶化,其中一个比较严重的问题就是网络拥塞,目前,它已成为制约网络发展的一个瓶颈；同时,对时延及时延抖动比较敏感的多媒体业务的不断出现,在极大的丰富了网络资源的同时也引入了在现有网络中如何保证其传输品质的问题。因此,研究网络拥塞和多媒体传输品质问题,对改善网络性能、提高服务质量有着重大的意义。
本文主要对网络拥塞控制中的主动队列管理算法(AQM)和多媒体传输品质进行了研究,主要工作如下：
(1)针对现有AQM算法在大时滞网络中稳定性较差和队列长度剧烈抖动的问题,在内模控制的基础上设计了一种时滞补偿的内模PID控制器(FIMC-PID),并运用模糊控制理论根据模型偏差的程度自适应调整内模控制器的滤波器参数。通过和常规PID算法的仿真比较表明,FIMC-PID算法不仅能对大时滞进行有效的补偿,而且在不同负载、不同瓶颈链路情况下也能通过自适应调整参数而表现出较好的鲁棒性和稳定性。
(2)针对CSFQ算法在混合流量环境下公平性较差及对RTT的变化和突发流量较为敏感的问题,提出了一种新的改进算法RQ-CSFQ, RQ-CSFQ算法主要采用了类似RED算法的缓存管理策略,并结合队列长度对公平共享速率α和丢包概率进行了修正。仿真表明,RQ-CSFQ算法在继承了CSFQ优点的基础上,不仅提高了混合流量环境下算法的公平性,而且能有效的适应RTT的变化和突发流量的影响。
(3)对不同队列管理机制对多媒体传输品质的影响进行了仿真研究,并针对RIO-C算法的鲁棒性问题提出了一种改进算法gentle-RIO-C, gentle-RIO-C算法主要将RIO-C和gentle-RED进行了结合,从而使丢包概率更加平滑,仿真表明,gentle-RIO-C算法下的多媒体传输品质要优于RIO-C算法。此外,还对其他影响多媒体传输品质的因素进行了仿真研究和分析。
With the explosive increasement of Internet and the continuous emergence of new services, Internet is suffering some performance depravation problems, and network congestion is one of the severe problems, which limits the development of the network. At the same time, the multimedia services which are sensitive to delay and delay jitter enrich the network resources, but also put forward the question of how to assure its quality in network. Therefore, the investigation of network congestion and the delivery quality of multimedia transmission is important to improve the network performance and reform the service quality.
In this paper, some issues in active queue management (AQM) algorithms and the delivery quality of multimedia transmission are studied, which are detailed as follows:
(1) A stabilizing and parameter adaptive PID algorithm (FIMC-PID) based on internal mode control (IMC) and fuzzy control is proposed, which is in order to eliminate the negative impact on stability caused by large communication delay. In FIMC-PID, the filter time constant of IMC is optimized by using fuzzy algorithm. Simulation results show that large delay can be effectively compensated in FIMC-PID, and stability and robustness under different number of loads and different bandwidth of bottleneck link is also superior to PID.
(2) Based on the CSFQ algorithm, RQ-CSFQ is proposed to solve the problem of bad fairness in mixed traffic and sensitive to the variety of RTT and burst traffic in CSFQ. In RQ-CSFQ, the cache management strategy similar to RED is adopted, and the queue length is concerned to improve the estimate of fair share rate a and loss probability. Simulation results show that the merit of CSFQ is inherited, the fairness in mixed traffic is improved, and the impact of variety of RTT and burst traffic can be also effectively solved in RQ-CSFQ.
(3) The effects of queue management to the delivery quality of multimedia transmission are studied and analyzed by simulation, and based on the RIO-C algorithm, gentle-RIO-C algorithm combined RIO-C with gentle-RED is proposed, which is in order to improve the robustness of RIO-C, simulation results show that the delivery quality of multimedia transmission of gentle-RIO-C is better than RIO-C. Moreover, the effects of other factors to the delivery quality of multimedia transmission are also studied and analyzed by simulation.
本文主要对网络拥塞控制中的主动队列管理算法(AQM)和多媒体传输品质进行了研究,主要工作如下：
(1)针对现有AQM算法在大时滞网络中稳定性较差和队列长度剧烈抖动的问题,在内模控制的基础上设计了一种时滞补偿的内模PID控制器(FIMC-PID),并运用模糊控制理论根据模型偏差的程度自适应调整内模控制器的滤波器参数。通过和常规PID算法的仿真比较表明,FIMC-PID算法不仅能对大时滞进行有效的补偿,而且在不同负载、不同瓶颈链路情况下也能通过自适应调整参数而表现出较好的鲁棒性和稳定性。
(2)针对CSFQ算法在混合流量环境下公平性较差及对RTT的变化和突发流量较为敏感的问题,提出了一种新的改进算法RQ-CSFQ, RQ-CSFQ算法主要采用了类似RED算法的缓存管理策略,并结合队列长度对公平共享速率α和丢包概率进行了修正。仿真表明,RQ-CSFQ算法在继承了CSFQ优点的基础上,不仅提高了混合流量环境下算法的公平性,而且能有效的适应RTT的变化和突发流量的影响。
(3)对不同队列管理机制对多媒体传输品质的影响进行了仿真研究,并针对RIO-C算法的鲁棒性问题提出了一种改进算法gentle-RIO-C, gentle-RIO-C算法主要将RIO-C和gentle-RED进行了结合,从而使丢包概率更加平滑,仿真表明,gentle-RIO-C算法下的多媒体传输品质要优于RIO-C算法。此外,还对其他影响多媒体传输品质的因素进行了仿真研究和分析。
With the explosive increasement of Internet and the continuous emergence of new services, Internet is suffering some performance depravation problems, and network congestion is one of the severe problems, which limits the development of the network. At the same time, the multimedia services which are sensitive to delay and delay jitter enrich the network resources, but also put forward the question of how to assure its quality in network. Therefore, the investigation of network congestion and the delivery quality of multimedia transmission is important to improve the network performance and reform the service quality.
In this paper, some issues in active queue management (AQM) algorithms and the delivery quality of multimedia transmission are studied, which are detailed as follows:
(1) A stabilizing and parameter adaptive PID algorithm (FIMC-PID) based on internal mode control (IMC) and fuzzy control is proposed, which is in order to eliminate the negative impact on stability caused by large communication delay. In FIMC-PID, the filter time constant of IMC is optimized by using fuzzy algorithm. Simulation results show that large delay can be effectively compensated in FIMC-PID, and stability and robustness under different number of loads and different bandwidth of bottleneck link is also superior to PID.
(2) Based on the CSFQ algorithm, RQ-CSFQ is proposed to solve the problem of bad fairness in mixed traffic and sensitive to the variety of RTT and burst traffic in CSFQ. In RQ-CSFQ, the cache management strategy similar to RED is adopted, and the queue length is concerned to improve the estimate of fair share rate a and loss probability. Simulation results show that the merit of CSFQ is inherited, the fairness in mixed traffic is improved, and the impact of variety of RTT and burst traffic can be also effectively solved in RQ-CSFQ.
(3) The effects of queue management to the delivery quality of multimedia transmission are studied and analyzed by simulation, and based on the RIO-C algorithm, gentle-RIO-C algorithm combined RIO-C with gentle-RED is proposed, which is in order to improve the robustness of RIO-C, simulation results show that the delivery quality of multimedia transmission of gentle-RIO-C is better than RIO-C. Moreover, the effects of other factors to the delivery quality of multimedia transmission are also studied and analyzed by simulation.
引文
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[5]张远翼,杨祥,司海平.典型的主动队列管理算法性能分析.桂林工学院学报,2007,27(3)：437-441
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