复杂机电装备故障诊断关键技术研究
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摘要
本文以复杂机电装备智能故障诊断应用为背景，以Petri网理论与面向对象技术为中心线索，综合运用模糊与概率理论、Petri网理论、面向对象技术及仿真技术等对复杂机电装备故障传播与故障诊断过程的建模、仿真及应用问题进行了深入的研究。
本文的主要研究内容及其成果如下：
1．将用于离散系统建模的高级Petri网技术、模糊与概率理论和面向对象的思想进行集成，提出一种描述故障传播与故障诊断过程的模型——模糊概率Petri网(FPPN)，并详细介绍了这种描述方式的定义、演化形式及其进行故障诊断的推理方式。实践证明，这种描述方式具有建模复杂系统故障传播和诊断过程的能力。
2．提出一种适应于FPPN模型的复杂系统故障诊断求解方法，该方法利用Lagrangian松弛法和次梯度优化法相结合，求解在某些正常和异常现象已知的情况下的最大概率故障源集合。该方法避免了组合爆炸问题，能够适应一定规模的、基于FPPN模型的故障诊断问题求解。
3．将面向对象设计技术融入复杂系统的建模过程，建立了描述复杂系统故障传播与故障诊断过程的模型一面向对象的模糊概率Petri网系统(FPPNS)。面向对象设计技术增强了模型的可重用性、可扩展性和可维护性，从而使FPPNS模型具有模块化的特征。FPPNS模型利用对象内嵌于Petri网和Petri网内嵌于对象相结合的方法，扩展了模型的建模能力和推理能力。
4．提出一种构造复杂Petri网仿真程序的方法，该方法采用面向对象的编程思想，构建了一种面向对象的仿真器，并采用基于控制层与操作层的仿真控制策略，以类及其实例的方式实现从Petri网结构到程序结构的转换。
5．提出一种基于FPPNS的故障诊断仿真算法，该算法采用库所对象与变迁对象动态扫描机制，采用最小下次事件推进原理实时控制两个对象的状态变化，从而实现仿真系统的演化。
6．建立了复杂机电装备FPPNS模型，对该模型所涉及的对象类进行定义，
The research on intelligent fault diagnosis for complex mechatronic equipment system is a very active and popular subject to which more and more attention has been paid by both academia and industry. The fault propagation and diagnosis processes are continuous and discrete, viz. they are very difficult to model and analyze. The dissertation focuses on the modeling and simulation of the fault propagation and diagnosis processes for complex mechatronic equipment.
The main content and contribution of the dissertation are as follows:
1. In order to model fault propagation and diagnosis processes, a new kind of extended Petri net, fuzzy probability Petri nets (FPPN) which integrates high-level Petri nets, fuzzy and probability theory and object-oriented concepts into one modeling frame, is put forward. And the definition, the evolutionary pattern and the conflict mode of FPPN are studied in detail in the dissertation.
2. A method suited for solving fault diagnosis problem of complex system is presented, which integrates Lagrangian relaxation and subgradient optimization method to compute the fault set which has the maximal probability to be the fault source. The method avoids the combinatorial explosion, it is efficacious to solve fault diagnosis problem based on FPPN
3. Fuzzy probability Petri nets system (FPPNS), which cooperates object-oriented design method into modeling process, is put forward. Embeding objects in Petri net and embeding Petri net in objects combine to structure the models formed by FPPNS, that makes the model are reusable, expandable and emendable.
4. A method constructing simulation programme based on complex Petri nets, is put forward. The method constructs an object-oriented emluator, introduces a strategy based on control layer and operation layer, and carries out the structure conversion from Petri nets to simulation programme.
5. In order to solve simulation problem of complex Petri nets, a new simulation
本文的主要研究内容及其成果如下：
1．将用于离散系统建模的高级Petri网技术、模糊与概率理论和面向对象的思想进行集成，提出一种描述故障传播与故障诊断过程的模型——模糊概率Petri网(FPPN)，并详细介绍了这种描述方式的定义、演化形式及其进行故障诊断的推理方式。实践证明，这种描述方式具有建模复杂系统故障传播和诊断过程的能力。
2．提出一种适应于FPPN模型的复杂系统故障诊断求解方法，该方法利用Lagrangian松弛法和次梯度优化法相结合，求解在某些正常和异常现象已知的情况下的最大概率故障源集合。该方法避免了组合爆炸问题，能够适应一定规模的、基于FPPN模型的故障诊断问题求解。
3．将面向对象设计技术融入复杂系统的建模过程，建立了描述复杂系统故障传播与故障诊断过程的模型一面向对象的模糊概率Petri网系统(FPPNS)。面向对象设计技术增强了模型的可重用性、可扩展性和可维护性，从而使FPPNS模型具有模块化的特征。FPPNS模型利用对象内嵌于Petri网和Petri网内嵌于对象相结合的方法，扩展了模型的建模能力和推理能力。
4．提出一种构造复杂Petri网仿真程序的方法，该方法采用面向对象的编程思想，构建了一种面向对象的仿真器，并采用基于控制层与操作层的仿真控制策略，以类及其实例的方式实现从Petri网结构到程序结构的转换。
5．提出一种基于FPPNS的故障诊断仿真算法，该算法采用库所对象与变迁对象动态扫描机制，采用最小下次事件推进原理实时控制两个对象的状态变化，从而实现仿真系统的演化。
6．建立了复杂机电装备FPPNS模型，对该模型所涉及的对象类进行定义，
The research on intelligent fault diagnosis for complex mechatronic equipment system is a very active and popular subject to which more and more attention has been paid by both academia and industry. The fault propagation and diagnosis processes are continuous and discrete, viz. they are very difficult to model and analyze. The dissertation focuses on the modeling and simulation of the fault propagation and diagnosis processes for complex mechatronic equipment.
The main content and contribution of the dissertation are as follows:
1. In order to model fault propagation and diagnosis processes, a new kind of extended Petri net, fuzzy probability Petri nets (FPPN) which integrates high-level Petri nets, fuzzy and probability theory and object-oriented concepts into one modeling frame, is put forward. And the definition, the evolutionary pattern and the conflict mode of FPPN are studied in detail in the dissertation.
2. A method suited for solving fault diagnosis problem of complex system is presented, which integrates Lagrangian relaxation and subgradient optimization method to compute the fault set which has the maximal probability to be the fault source. The method avoids the combinatorial explosion, it is efficacious to solve fault diagnosis problem based on FPPN
3. Fuzzy probability Petri nets system (FPPNS), which cooperates object-oriented design method into modeling process, is put forward. Embeding objects in Petri net and embeding Petri net in objects combine to structure the models formed by FPPNS, that makes the model are reusable, expandable and emendable.
4. A method constructing simulation programme based on complex Petri nets, is put forward. The method constructs an object-oriented emluator, introduces a strategy based on control layer and operation layer, and carries out the structure conversion from Petri nets to simulation programme.
5. In order to solve simulation problem of complex Petri nets, a new simulation
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