多Agent供应链管理系统建模与仿真研究
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摘要
供应链管理(Supply Chain Management, SCM)是目前受国际学术界和企业界普遍重视的一种增强企业竞争力的管理思想和方法。Agent具有自主性、交互性、主动性和反应性,它比传统的软件方法更适宜于开发供应链管理系统。
本文针对供应链的特点提出了一种多Agent供应链管理系统的模型,利用软件组件技术对该模型进行了研究,并通过Agent系统开发工具JADE对供应链中物流配送中心分拣设备的功能进行了仿真,为企业顺利实施供应链管理提供坚实的理论基础和方法上的指导。
论文主要研究内容如下:
1、分析和总结了目前国内外关于供应链管理的研究现状与动态,指出了传统软件构建供应链管理系统所存在的问题。通过介绍Agent相关的概念、属性、特点等知识,提出了利用Agent构建供应链管理系统的优越性。
2、在研究供应链的概念框架及运作参考模型的基础上提出了构建供应链管理系统模型的四个步骤:供应链中实体组成的分析;处理流程的确定;业务处理Agent设计和业务处理单元框架的设计;并提出了多Agent供应链管理系统模型及基于任务的MAS模型。
3、研究了仿真过程所用到的可重用的软件组件技术,对多Agent仿真工具JADE及其中Agent的生命周期、行为、通信进行了定义说明,给出了系统模型算法以及具体的实现方法与步骤,并对仿真结果进行了分析。
Recently, the international academia and enterprises pay more attention to the supply chain management (SCM), which is one management idea and method to improve the competitiveness of enterprises. Agent has many characters such as autonomy, proclivity, communication and reactivity and it is more suitable for developing SCM system than the traditional software.
According to the character of Supply Chain, the model of SCM based on intelligent agent is proposed in this thesis and it is studied by use of the technology of software components. Combined with the agent debeloping tool (JADE), a simulation has been done for the sorting devices of logistics sending center, which will provide a theatrical and realistic guide for the implementation of Supply Chain Management.
The main research subjects are as follows:
1. The paper analysed the related research work other researchers did domestic and abroad and the trend of SCM, pointed out the problems of using traditional software to build SCM system. And it proposes the superiority of Supply Chain System using Agent, thoroughly interviewing the knowledge of the concepts, attributes, and characteristics etc. about Agent.
2. The four steps of building SCM system model based on researching conceptual framework and the referenced operating model of Supply Chain are proposed: Analysis of Supply Chain entities; the determination of the treatment process; the design of the business processing Agent and business processing unit framework; and SCM model and the MAS model based on task are proposed.
3. The paper studied the technology of reusable softeware component which is adopted during the procedure of simulation. And the simulation tool JADE which is based on Agent, and the life cycle, behaviours, and communication of the Agent are defined. Finally, the system model and algorithm is given and the simulation result is well analyzed.
本文针对供应链的特点提出了一种多Agent供应链管理系统的模型,利用软件组件技术对该模型进行了研究,并通过Agent系统开发工具JADE对供应链中物流配送中心分拣设备的功能进行了仿真,为企业顺利实施供应链管理提供坚实的理论基础和方法上的指导。
论文主要研究内容如下:
1、分析和总结了目前国内外关于供应链管理的研究现状与动态,指出了传统软件构建供应链管理系统所存在的问题。通过介绍Agent相关的概念、属性、特点等知识,提出了利用Agent构建供应链管理系统的优越性。
2、在研究供应链的概念框架及运作参考模型的基础上提出了构建供应链管理系统模型的四个步骤:供应链中实体组成的分析;处理流程的确定;业务处理Agent设计和业务处理单元框架的设计;并提出了多Agent供应链管理系统模型及基于任务的MAS模型。
3、研究了仿真过程所用到的可重用的软件组件技术,对多Agent仿真工具JADE及其中Agent的生命周期、行为、通信进行了定义说明,给出了系统模型算法以及具体的实现方法与步骤,并对仿真结果进行了分析。
Recently, the international academia and enterprises pay more attention to the supply chain management (SCM), which is one management idea and method to improve the competitiveness of enterprises. Agent has many characters such as autonomy, proclivity, communication and reactivity and it is more suitable for developing SCM system than the traditional software.
According to the character of Supply Chain, the model of SCM based on intelligent agent is proposed in this thesis and it is studied by use of the technology of software components. Combined with the agent debeloping tool (JADE), a simulation has been done for the sorting devices of logistics sending center, which will provide a theatrical and realistic guide for the implementation of Supply Chain Management.
The main research subjects are as follows:
1. The paper analysed the related research work other researchers did domestic and abroad and the trend of SCM, pointed out the problems of using traditional software to build SCM system. And it proposes the superiority of Supply Chain System using Agent, thoroughly interviewing the knowledge of the concepts, attributes, and characteristics etc. about Agent.
2. The four steps of building SCM system model based on researching conceptual framework and the referenced operating model of Supply Chain are proposed: Analysis of Supply Chain entities; the determination of the treatment process; the design of the business processing Agent and business processing unit framework; and SCM model and the MAS model based on task are proposed.
3. The paper studied the technology of reusable softeware component which is adopted during the procedure of simulation. And the simulation tool JADE which is based on Agent, and the life cycle, behaviours, and communication of the Agent are defined. Finally, the system model and algorithm is given and the simulation result is well analyzed.
引文
[1] Lee Hau L, Bellington Corey. Material management in decentralized supply chains[J].Operations Research, 1993, 41 (5): 835~847
[2]陈荣秋.生产方式的变革与竞争要素的关系[J].中外管理导报,2002(6): 56~59
[3] Norrie DH, Shen W. Agent based systems for intelligent manufacturing: a state of the art survey [J].Knowledge Information System, 1999, 1(2): 129~56
[4]袁成祥.基于Agent供应链管理研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2004
[5] Wooldridge M J, Jennings N R. Intelligent Agent: theory and practice [J]. Knowledge Engineering Review, 1995, 10(2): 115~152
[6]刘少锋.多Agent技术在供应链管理系统中的应用研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2005(6)
[7]马士华,林勇,陈志祥.供应链管理[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005
[8] Fox M S, Chionglo J F, Barbuceanu M. The integrate supply chain management system. [R] Internal Report, 1993, 35~47
[9] Swaminathan J M, Smith S F, Sadeh N M. Multi-agent framework for supply chain. Dynamics in Proceedings of NSF Research Planning Workshop on AI & Manufacturing [R]. 1996, 51~58
[10] Kalakota R, Stallaert J,Whinstop A B.Implementing real-time supply chain optimization [R].Working Paper.1997, 351~368
[11] William E Walsh, Michael P Wellman.Modeling supply chain formation in multi-agent system[C]. UCAI-99 Workshop on Agent Mediated Electronic Commerce. 1999: 472~496
[12]赵博,范玉顺.MAS技术在生产调度研究中的应用[J].控制与决策,2003,18(1): 1~6
[13]彭俊松,孙鸿广等.基于多Agent协同求解的企业供应链过程建模研究[J].复旦学报,1999, (9): 14~18
[14]刘金琨,王树青.复杂工业过程多智能体协调Petri网模型[J].系统仿真学报,1999(16): 2555~2558
[15] S.Franklin, A.Grasser. Is It an Agent or Just a Program? A Taxonomy for Sutonomous Dgents[C]. Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Agent Theories, Architectures and Languages. Springer-Verlag, 1996
[16] M.Wooldridge. Agent-base Software Engineering[J]. In IEEE Proceedings on Software Engineering, February 1997, 144(1): 6~37
[17] Hayes-Roth. B.Intelligent Control. Artificial Intelligence[J]. 1993(19): 213~220
[18] Maes, P. Sicial interface agents: Acquiring competence by learning form users and other agents [C]. AAAI press, 1994(3): 71~78
[19]刘大有,杨鲲,陈建忠.Agent研究现状与发展趋势[J].软件学报,2000,11(3): 315~321
[20]王汝传,徐小友.智能Agent及其在信息网络中的应用[M].北京:北京邮电大学出版社,2006
[21]李钰.多Agent系统结构及Agent间交互的研究[D].西安:电子科技大学,2003(5)
[22]张炎.基于多Agent的电子商务个性化推荐系统研究[D].南京:南京师范大学,2007(4)
[23] Michael Wooldridge,石纯一译.多Agent系统引论[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003
[24]毛新军.面向主体的软件开发[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005(6): 10~423
[25] Barbuceanu M ,Fox M S. The Information Agent: An Infrastructure Agent Supporting Collaborative Enterprise Architectures [C]. Third Workshop on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collahorative Enterprises, M organtown, West Virginia, IEEE Computer Society Press, 1994
[26] Parunak H V D. Practical and Industrial Applications of Agent Based Systems[C]. Environmenta1 Research Institute of Michigan (ERIM), 1998
[27] Barhuceanu J. Fox J S. The design of a coordination 1anguage for mlti-agent systems[C]. Intelligent Agents, LNAI Vol. 1193. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 1996, 34l~356
[28] Bond. Bruce. C-Commerce. The New Arena for Businiss Applications, 1999, GartnerGroup Research. http://www.gartner.com
[29] Phill1ps, Charles, Meeker. The B2B Internet Report-Collaborative Commerce, 2000, Morgan Stanley Dean Witter Internet Research
[30] Behrens S. Electronic Col1aborative Commerce An Overview of Enabling Technologies, 2000. http://citeseer.Nj. nec.com/ Behrens/electronic.html
[31] Fou J. Web Services and Co11aborative Commerce Collaboration[EB]. http://www.webservicesarchitect.com/content/articles/fou01.asp
[32] Woodridge M .Jennngs N R. Intelligent Agent: Theory and Practice[J]. The Knowledge Engineering Review, 1995, 10(2): 115~l52
[33] Lambent, Douglas M, Cooper, Martha C. Issues in Supply Chain Management [J].Industrial Marketing Management 2000(29): 65~83
[34] Lambert D M, Cooper M C, Pagh J D. Supply Chain Management: Implementation Issues and Research Opportunities[J].The International Journal of Logistics Management, 1998, 9(2): 1~9
[35] Cooper M C, Lambert D M, Pagh J D. Supply Chain Management: More Than a New Name for Logistics[J]. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 1997(13): 1~13
[36] http://www.supply-chain.org/galleries/public-gallery/SCM0763teams_ic[1].pdf[J/OL]
[37] Elhadi, Shakshuki, Saad, Abu-draz. Multi-agent System Architechture To Trading Systems[J]. Journal of Interconnection Networks, 2005, Vol.6: 283~302
[38] Lin F R, G w Tan, M J Shaw. Multi-agent Enterprise Modeling[J]. Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce, 1999,9(1): 7~32
[39]方裕,杨芙清.可重用软件工程研究[J].电子学报,1988,16(4): 99~104
[40]杨芙清,朱冰,梅宏.软件复用[J].软件学报,1995,6(9): 525~533
[41] Clure C M.Software reuses techniques [J]. Prentice Hall PTR, 1997
[42]黄伟建.多Agent技术在供应链管理中的应用研究[D].天津:天津大学,2004
[43] M.Nikraz, G.Caire, and Parisa A. Bahri. A Methodology for the Analysis and Design of Multi-Agent Systems using JADE[EB], httP://jade.cselt.it /doe/JADE_methodology _website_version.pdf, 2006
[44] Giovanni Caire (TILAB), etal.JADE Tutorial-Application Dfined Content Languages and Ontologies[EB]. http://jade.cselt.it/, 2004
[45] Giovanni Caire (TILAB).JADE Tutorial-JADE Programming for beginners[EB]. http://jade.cselt.it/, 2003
[46] Fabio Bellifemine (TILAB), etal.JADE Programmer GUIDE[EB]. http://jade.cselt.it/, 2005
[47] Fabio Bellifemine (TILAB), etal.JADE Administrator GUIDE[EB]. http://jade.cselt.it/, 2006
[48] Nirupam Julka, Rajagopalan Srinivasan, I Karimi. Agent-based supply chain management-1: framework[J]. Computers and Chemical Engineering, 2002, 26: 1755~1769
[49] Nirupam Julka, Rajagopalan Srinivasan, I Karimi. Agent-based supply chain management-1: framework[J].Computers and Chemical Engineering,2002,26: 1771~1769
[50] Mark S Fox, Mihai Barbuceanu, Rune Teigen. Agent-Oriented Supply Chain Management[J].The International Joumal of Flexible Manufacturing Systems, 2000, (12):165~188
[51] Barbuceanu, Teigen R, Fox M S. Agent based design and simulation of supply chain systems [J]. Sixth IEEE Workshop, 1997 36~41.
[52]石纯一,张伟.基于Agent的计算[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2007
[53]赵新宇,等.基于Agent的供应链模型[J].计算机科学,2004,31(8): 16~21
[54]曾钦志.基于Multi-Agent的林产品配送中心建模与仿真[D].南京:南京林业大学,2007
[55]姚城.物流配送中心规划与运作管理[M].广州:广东经济出版社,2004
[56]王燕,等.配送中心全程规划[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004
[57]周全中.现代物流技术与装备实务[M].北京:中国物资出版社,2002
[58]郝渊晓,等.现代物流技术学[M].广州:中山大学出版社,2001
[59]刘昌祺.物流配送中心设施及设备设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004
[2]陈荣秋.生产方式的变革与竞争要素的关系[J].中外管理导报,2002(6): 56~59
[3] Norrie DH, Shen W. Agent based systems for intelligent manufacturing: a state of the art survey [J].Knowledge Information System, 1999, 1(2): 129~56
[4]袁成祥.基于Agent供应链管理研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2004
[5] Wooldridge M J, Jennings N R. Intelligent Agent: theory and practice [J]. Knowledge Engineering Review, 1995, 10(2): 115~152
[6]刘少锋.多Agent技术在供应链管理系统中的应用研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2005(6)
[7]马士华,林勇,陈志祥.供应链管理[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005
[8] Fox M S, Chionglo J F, Barbuceanu M. The integrate supply chain management system. [R] Internal Report, 1993, 35~47
[9] Swaminathan J M, Smith S F, Sadeh N M. Multi-agent framework for supply chain. Dynamics in Proceedings of NSF Research Planning Workshop on AI & Manufacturing [R]. 1996, 51~58
[10] Kalakota R, Stallaert J,Whinstop A B.Implementing real-time supply chain optimization [R].Working Paper.1997, 351~368
[11] William E Walsh, Michael P Wellman.Modeling supply chain formation in multi-agent system[C]. UCAI-99 Workshop on Agent Mediated Electronic Commerce. 1999: 472~496
[12]赵博,范玉顺.MAS技术在生产调度研究中的应用[J].控制与决策,2003,18(1): 1~6
[13]彭俊松,孙鸿广等.基于多Agent协同求解的企业供应链过程建模研究[J].复旦学报,1999, (9): 14~18
[14]刘金琨,王树青.复杂工业过程多智能体协调Petri网模型[J].系统仿真学报,1999(16): 2555~2558
[15] S.Franklin, A.Grasser. Is It an Agent or Just a Program? A Taxonomy for Sutonomous Dgents[C]. Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Agent Theories, Architectures and Languages. Springer-Verlag, 1996
[16] M.Wooldridge. Agent-base Software Engineering[J]. In IEEE Proceedings on Software Engineering, February 1997, 144(1): 6~37
[17] Hayes-Roth. B.Intelligent Control. Artificial Intelligence[J]. 1993(19): 213~220
[18] Maes, P. Sicial interface agents: Acquiring competence by learning form users and other agents [C]. AAAI press, 1994(3): 71~78
[19]刘大有,杨鲲,陈建忠.Agent研究现状与发展趋势[J].软件学报,2000,11(3): 315~321
[20]王汝传,徐小友.智能Agent及其在信息网络中的应用[M].北京:北京邮电大学出版社,2006
[21]李钰.多Agent系统结构及Agent间交互的研究[D].西安:电子科技大学,2003(5)
[22]张炎.基于多Agent的电子商务个性化推荐系统研究[D].南京:南京师范大学,2007(4)
[23] Michael Wooldridge,石纯一译.多Agent系统引论[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003
[24]毛新军.面向主体的软件开发[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005(6): 10~423
[25] Barbuceanu M ,Fox M S. The Information Agent: An Infrastructure Agent Supporting Collaborative Enterprise Architectures [C]. Third Workshop on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collahorative Enterprises, M organtown, West Virginia, IEEE Computer Society Press, 1994
[26] Parunak H V D. Practical and Industrial Applications of Agent Based Systems[C]. Environmenta1 Research Institute of Michigan (ERIM), 1998
[27] Barhuceanu J. Fox J S. The design of a coordination 1anguage for mlti-agent systems[C]. Intelligent Agents, LNAI Vol. 1193. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 1996, 34l~356
[28] Bond. Bruce. C-Commerce. The New Arena for Businiss Applications, 1999, GartnerGroup Research. http://www.gartner.com
[29] Phill1ps, Charles, Meeker. The B2B Internet Report-Collaborative Commerce, 2000, Morgan Stanley Dean Witter Internet Research
[30] Behrens S. Electronic Col1aborative Commerce An Overview of Enabling Technologies, 2000. http://citeseer.Nj. nec.com/ Behrens/electronic.html
[31] Fou J. Web Services and Co11aborative Commerce Collaboration[EB]. http://www.webservicesarchitect.com/content/articles/fou01.asp
[32] Woodridge M .Jennngs N R. Intelligent Agent: Theory and Practice[J]. The Knowledge Engineering Review, 1995, 10(2): 115~l52
[33] Lambent, Douglas M, Cooper, Martha C. Issues in Supply Chain Management [J].Industrial Marketing Management 2000(29): 65~83
[34] Lambert D M, Cooper M C, Pagh J D. Supply Chain Management: Implementation Issues and Research Opportunities[J].The International Journal of Logistics Management, 1998, 9(2): 1~9
[35] Cooper M C, Lambert D M, Pagh J D. Supply Chain Management: More Than a New Name for Logistics[J]. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 1997(13): 1~13
[36] http://www.supply-chain.org/galleries/public-gallery/SCM0763teams_ic[1].pdf[J/OL]
[37] Elhadi, Shakshuki, Saad, Abu-draz. Multi-agent System Architechture To Trading Systems[J]. Journal of Interconnection Networks, 2005, Vol.6: 283~302
[38] Lin F R, G w Tan, M J Shaw. Multi-agent Enterprise Modeling[J]. Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce, 1999,9(1): 7~32
[39]方裕,杨芙清.可重用软件工程研究[J].电子学报,1988,16(4): 99~104
[40]杨芙清,朱冰,梅宏.软件复用[J].软件学报,1995,6(9): 525~533
[41] Clure C M.Software reuses techniques [J]. Prentice Hall PTR, 1997
[42]黄伟建.多Agent技术在供应链管理中的应用研究[D].天津:天津大学,2004
[43] M.Nikraz, G.Caire, and Parisa A. Bahri. A Methodology for the Analysis and Design of Multi-Agent Systems using JADE[EB], httP://jade.cselt.it /doe/JADE_methodology _website_version.pdf, 2006
[44] Giovanni Caire (TILAB), etal.JADE Tutorial-Application Dfined Content Languages and Ontologies[EB]. http://jade.cselt.it/, 2004
[45] Giovanni Caire (TILAB).JADE Tutorial-JADE Programming for beginners[EB]. http://jade.cselt.it/, 2003
[46] Fabio Bellifemine (TILAB), etal.JADE Programmer GUIDE[EB]. http://jade.cselt.it/, 2005
[47] Fabio Bellifemine (TILAB), etal.JADE Administrator GUIDE[EB]. http://jade.cselt.it/, 2006
[48] Nirupam Julka, Rajagopalan Srinivasan, I Karimi. Agent-based supply chain management-1: framework[J]. Computers and Chemical Engineering, 2002, 26: 1755~1769
[49] Nirupam Julka, Rajagopalan Srinivasan, I Karimi. Agent-based supply chain management-1: framework[J].Computers and Chemical Engineering,2002,26: 1771~1769
[50] Mark S Fox, Mihai Barbuceanu, Rune Teigen. Agent-Oriented Supply Chain Management[J].The International Joumal of Flexible Manufacturing Systems, 2000, (12):165~188
[51] Barbuceanu, Teigen R, Fox M S. Agent based design and simulation of supply chain systems [J]. Sixth IEEE Workshop, 1997 36~41.
[52]石纯一,张伟.基于Agent的计算[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2007
[53]赵新宇,等.基于Agent的供应链模型[J].计算机科学,2004,31(8): 16~21
[54]曾钦志.基于Multi-Agent的林产品配送中心建模与仿真[D].南京:南京林业大学,2007
[55]姚城.物流配送中心规划与运作管理[M].广州:广东经济出版社,2004
[56]王燕,等.配送中心全程规划[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004
[57]周全中.现代物流技术与装备实务[M].北京:中国物资出版社,2002
[58]郝渊晓,等.现代物流技术学[M].广州:中山大学出版社,2001
[59]刘昌祺.物流配送中心设施及设备设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004