基于GIS的GRASDSS的系统集成及人机界面研究
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摘要
我国铁路环境保护“十五”计划已明确指出在铁路建设项目的前期工作阶段,研究并实行绿色选线制度。
本文来源于国家自然科学基金项目“铁路绿色选线的理论体系及决策支持技术的研究”(50578160),运用系统分析和多目标决策的理论和方法,以地理信息技术为主要技术支撑,以决策支持技术为核心理论,从铁路选线阶段的环境影响问题出发,设计出友好的人机交互界面并实现铁路绿色选线决策支持系统(Green Railway AlignmentSelection Decision Support System,简称GRASDSS)的集成。
论文主要工作如下:
1.综合分析铁路绿色选线内涵,对前人研究成果进行吸收并做出改进:多个线路方案确定后,重新建立评价指标体系并且采用大量定量预测值,提高了预测的精度。
2.根据GRASDSS的设计目的与原则,设计友好、亲切的人机界面并完成系统的集成。充分利用VB.NET(Visual Basic.NET)与MapX的良好兼容性在.NET平台下嵌入MapX组件,通过编程实现缩放、删减等基本功能以及专题图、数据绑定、缓冲区、缓冲区分析等选线必备功能,确定线路的敏感走廊并实现线路方案确定后对多个方案的比选。
3.以宣杭线增建第二线为实例,对GRASDSS进行应用分析。首先初步确定评价因子,运用地理信息系统(Geographic informationsystem,简称GIS)专题图分析功能,对拟建线路沿线进行环境敏感性总体分析,估计铁路拟建地区对环境破坏的承受能力。通过建立拟建地区敏感等级图确定敏感走廊以指导选线。线路方案确定后,重新用矩阵法筛选评价指标体系,采用层次分析法确定指标体系中各因子的权重,运用基于GIS的图形叠置法对方案进行综合评价,得到综合环境影响值,从而得到多个方案在考虑环境因素下的优劣情况。
The national "tenth five" plan of railway environment protection has pointed out clearly that the "green railway alignment selection" should be studied and put into practice.
Based on the Project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(50578160), the thoughts and methods of systematic analysis are adopt, multi-objective decision making method is applied synthetically, GIS (Geographic information system) is used as its important supporting technique, DSS as its core theory,railway alignment environment impact factors as starting base, friendly man-machine interface is designed and the integration of GRASDSS (Green Railway Alignment Selection Decision Support System) is realized.
The main work of this paper are as follows:
1. The connotation and influence factors of the green railway alignment selection are analysised,the previous achievements are absorbed and some new improvements are made out:the new index system of Environmental Impact Assessment should be rebuilded and quantitative prediction value also should be used more in order to improve the precision of scheme comparison.
2. The man-machine interactive system is designed according to the design purpose and principle of GRASDSS and the integration of system is completed.the man-machine interface should be humanism and kind in order to improve the maneuverability of this system. VB.NET and MapX are Integtated by taking full advantage of the good compatibility of them, some basic function such as zoom and delation and some essential functions such as thematic map,data banding and buffer area analysis are carried out, the minimum environment sensitivity corridor is confirmed, the Comparison and Selection to several railway route projects is completed after the several route projects are selected.
3. The alternative alignment of the rebuilding railway of XuanCheng to HangZhou is used as an example to show the feasibility of the GRASDSS.First the assessment factors are confirmed Initially, the environment sensitivity analysis to the the place along the line are analysised by using the function of thematic map analysis in order to estimate the endurance against the environmental disruption , the route selection is guided by confirming the minimum environment sensitivity corridor. new index system are rebuilt by the matrix method,and the weight of evaluation factors are conformed by using Analytical Hierarchy Process, at last,an overall assessment to the alignments is made to get an optimal alignment by using Graphic Overlay Method based on GIS.
本文来源于国家自然科学基金项目“铁路绿色选线的理论体系及决策支持技术的研究”(50578160),运用系统分析和多目标决策的理论和方法,以地理信息技术为主要技术支撑,以决策支持技术为核心理论,从铁路选线阶段的环境影响问题出发,设计出友好的人机交互界面并实现铁路绿色选线决策支持系统(Green Railway AlignmentSelection Decision Support System,简称GRASDSS)的集成。
论文主要工作如下:
1.综合分析铁路绿色选线内涵,对前人研究成果进行吸收并做出改进:多个线路方案确定后,重新建立评价指标体系并且采用大量定量预测值,提高了预测的精度。
2.根据GRASDSS的设计目的与原则,设计友好、亲切的人机界面并完成系统的集成。充分利用VB.NET(Visual Basic.NET)与MapX的良好兼容性在.NET平台下嵌入MapX组件,通过编程实现缩放、删减等基本功能以及专题图、数据绑定、缓冲区、缓冲区分析等选线必备功能,确定线路的敏感走廊并实现线路方案确定后对多个方案的比选。
3.以宣杭线增建第二线为实例,对GRASDSS进行应用分析。首先初步确定评价因子,运用地理信息系统(Geographic informationsystem,简称GIS)专题图分析功能,对拟建线路沿线进行环境敏感性总体分析,估计铁路拟建地区对环境破坏的承受能力。通过建立拟建地区敏感等级图确定敏感走廊以指导选线。线路方案确定后,重新用矩阵法筛选评价指标体系,采用层次分析法确定指标体系中各因子的权重,运用基于GIS的图形叠置法对方案进行综合评价,得到综合环境影响值,从而得到多个方案在考虑环境因素下的优劣情况。
The national "tenth five" plan of railway environment protection has pointed out clearly that the "green railway alignment selection" should be studied and put into practice.
Based on the Project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(50578160), the thoughts and methods of systematic analysis are adopt, multi-objective decision making method is applied synthetically, GIS (Geographic information system) is used as its important supporting technique, DSS as its core theory,railway alignment environment impact factors as starting base, friendly man-machine interface is designed and the integration of GRASDSS (Green Railway Alignment Selection Decision Support System) is realized.
The main work of this paper are as follows:
1. The connotation and influence factors of the green railway alignment selection are analysised,the previous achievements are absorbed and some new improvements are made out:the new index system of Environmental Impact Assessment should be rebuilded and quantitative prediction value also should be used more in order to improve the precision of scheme comparison.
2. The man-machine interactive system is designed according to the design purpose and principle of GRASDSS and the integration of system is completed.the man-machine interface should be humanism and kind in order to improve the maneuverability of this system. VB.NET and MapX are Integtated by taking full advantage of the good compatibility of them, some basic function such as zoom and delation and some essential functions such as thematic map,data banding and buffer area analysis are carried out, the minimum environment sensitivity corridor is confirmed, the Comparison and Selection to several railway route projects is completed after the several route projects are selected.
3. The alternative alignment of the rebuilding railway of XuanCheng to HangZhou is used as an example to show the feasibility of the GRASDSS.First the assessment factors are confirmed Initially, the environment sensitivity analysis to the the place along the line are analysised by using the function of thematic map analysis in order to estimate the endurance against the environmental disruption , the route selection is guided by confirming the minimum environment sensitivity corridor. new index system are rebuilt by the matrix method,and the weight of evaluation factors are conformed by using Analytical Hierarchy Process, at last,an overall assessment to the alignments is made to get an optimal alignment by using Graphic Overlay Method based on GIS.
引文
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[3]冉茂平.铁路绿色选线决策支持系统(GRASDSS)总体设计与应用研究:[硕士学位论文].长沙:中南大学,2005,6
[4]曾庆华.铁路“绿色选线”.铁道知识,2005,(4):20-21
[5]曾庆华.从内昆铁路修建浅谈铁路次生环境影响及控制措施.46-19
[6]杨舟.基于GIS的铁路绿色选线决策支持系统--模型库系统研究:[硕士学位论文].长沙:中南大学,2006,6
[7]Gibson,Martin.Road construction and environmental assessment.Highways and Transportation,1993,40(5)
[8]Janez,Sturm.Geograhpical Information System of Slovenian Railways Co [OL].www.esri.com
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[10]Tome Judge.Software Brings Field Data to Planning Room[J].Railway Track&Structures,1999,(4)
[11]GIS Based Railway Network Information System[OL].www.esri.com
[12]Malafant K.W.J.,Fordham D.P..GIS,DSS and integrated scenario modelling frame- works for exploring alternative futures.Advances in Ecological Science s.1998,1:669-678
[13]Braden R,Clark D,S Shenker.Integrated Services in the Internet Architecture an Overview RFC1633,IST,MIT,and PARC,1994.1
[14]Hess Ronald L.,Rubin Ronald S.,West Jr.,Lawrence A..Geographic information systems as a marketing information system technology.Decision Support Systems,2004,38(2):197-212
[15]LukashehA.F.,Droste R.L,Warith M.A.Review of Expert System(ES),Geographic Information System(GIS),Decision Support System(DSS),and their applications in landfill design and management.Waste Management and Research.2001,19(2):177-185
[16]Fassio A,Giupponi C,Hiederer R.,Simota C.A decision support tool for simulating the effects of alternative policies affecting water resources:An application at the European scale.Journal of Hydrology,2005,304(1-4):462-476
[17]van der Meulen George G..Geographical information and decision support system.Computers,Environment and Urban Systems.1992,16(3):187-193
[18]周华国.基于环境影响的交通建设项目方案优选:[硕士学位论文].北京:北方交通大学,1998
[19]李昌志.基于GIS的流域产沙及水土保持决策支持系统研究.四川大学博士学位论文,2002
[20]程锋.基于GIS决策模型整合的基本农田保护规划系统.中国农业大学博士论文.2003
[21]http://studyship.corn/Technical-Paper/Machine-manufacture/0122623612007.html
[22]黄雄.基于GIS空间分析的道路选线技术研究:[硕士学位论文].长沙:长沙路理工大学,2006,5
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