大断层附近煤层开采的防水煤柱留设离散元分析
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摘要
摘要：讨论了离散元法的理论基础及离散元模型分类与特点。针对煤矿开采中的采空区围岩冒落、破裂、变形现象,用UDEC4.0软件对桃园矿煤层采动后F2断层附近位移变化量和应力分布进行数值计算,并利用其模拟结果对F2断层煤柱留设宽度适合性进行了深入研究。主要内容有：
①分析了煤系地层与相关含水层的含水-隔水性质,对F2断层带的物质组成与物理力学性质进行了评价分析。
②采用规程中公式,计算出对应于不同安全系数的10煤与81煤的断层防水煤柱留设宽度。采用基于Mohr—Coulumb本构连续介质与Joint area contact—coulomb slip with residual strength节理介质的离散元本构模型,针对桃园煤矿地层及F2断层实际,模拟了10煤和81煤各种煤柱留设条件下的煤层采动围岩变形破坏特性,研究了断层防水煤柱宽度和采厚的非线性关系,给出了10煤和81煤煤柱宽度的合理值。
③对断层防水煤柱公式实用中的缺陷进行了深入分析,指出公式的力学涵义与应用特点,指出公式中煤柱宽度与煤层采厚线性关系的不合理性,以及与“三下”理论及裂隙发育实际规律间的矛盾性。
④对岩层移动角引入防水煤柱留设计算的适用条件与缺陷也进行了探讨。
Not only the theoretical basis of Discrete Element Method (DEM) but also the classification and characteristics of DEM were discussed. For coal mining in the mined-out area surrounding rock caving, cracking, deformation phenomena, UDEC4.0 software was used in the numerical calculation to the distribution of displacements and stresses surrouding mining goaves of seam 10# and seam 81 about fault F2 in Taoyuan Coal Mine, and proper width of waterproof pillar to the fault. Main contents are:
①Water-bearing and water-resisting features of Coal-bearing beds and related strata were analyzed. Evaluation and analysis about the material composition and physics mechanics of the fault F2 were analyzed.
②Order formula was used to calculate the width of waterproof pillar of seams 10# coal and 81# corresponding to different safety factor. Based on Tectonic model of DEM about Mohr-Coulumb Constitutive continuous medium and Joint area contact-coulomb slip with residual strength joints media, referring to Taoyuan Coal Mine Stratigraphy and fault F2, a variety of coal pillars of seam 10# and seam 81# under the conditions of deformation and failure characteristics of rocks were simulated, and non-linear relationship between the fault waterproof pillar width and thickness of the seams was researched, and the reasonable value of coal pillar width about seam 10# and seam 81# is also tried.
③By a in-depth analysis to practical deficiencies of fault waterproof pillar formula in the professional regulation, the mechanics meaning and application characteristics of the formula, the irrationality of a linear relationship between seam thickness and pillar width, as well as the contradiction between that and the actual laws of fractured, were pointed out
lacement angle theory was led to analyze the applicable conditions and defects of the design calculation on water-proof pillar to faults.
①分析了煤系地层与相关含水层的含水-隔水性质,对F2断层带的物质组成与物理力学性质进行了评价分析。
②采用规程中公式,计算出对应于不同安全系数的10煤与81煤的断层防水煤柱留设宽度。采用基于Mohr—Coulumb本构连续介质与Joint area contact—coulomb slip with residual strength节理介质的离散元本构模型,针对桃园煤矿地层及F2断层实际,模拟了10煤和81煤各种煤柱留设条件下的煤层采动围岩变形破坏特性,研究了断层防水煤柱宽度和采厚的非线性关系,给出了10煤和81煤煤柱宽度的合理值。
③对断层防水煤柱公式实用中的缺陷进行了深入分析,指出公式的力学涵义与应用特点,指出公式中煤柱宽度与煤层采厚线性关系的不合理性,以及与“三下”理论及裂隙发育实际规律间的矛盾性。
④对岩层移动角引入防水煤柱留设计算的适用条件与缺陷也进行了探讨。
Not only the theoretical basis of Discrete Element Method (DEM) but also the classification and characteristics of DEM were discussed. For coal mining in the mined-out area surrounding rock caving, cracking, deformation phenomena, UDEC4.0 software was used in the numerical calculation to the distribution of displacements and stresses surrouding mining goaves of seam 10# and seam 81 about fault F2 in Taoyuan Coal Mine, and proper width of waterproof pillar to the fault. Main contents are:
①Water-bearing and water-resisting features of Coal-bearing beds and related strata were analyzed. Evaluation and analysis about the material composition and physics mechanics of the fault F2 were analyzed.
②Order formula was used to calculate the width of waterproof pillar of seams 10# coal and 81# corresponding to different safety factor. Based on Tectonic model of DEM about Mohr-Coulumb Constitutive continuous medium and Joint area contact-coulomb slip with residual strength joints media, referring to Taoyuan Coal Mine Stratigraphy and fault F2, a variety of coal pillars of seam 10# and seam 81# under the conditions of deformation and failure characteristics of rocks were simulated, and non-linear relationship between the fault waterproof pillar width and thickness of the seams was researched, and the reasonable value of coal pillar width about seam 10# and seam 81# is also tried.
③By a in-depth analysis to practical deficiencies of fault waterproof pillar formula in the professional regulation, the mechanics meaning and application characteristics of the formula, the irrationality of a linear relationship between seam thickness and pillar width, as well as the contradiction between that and the actual laws of fractured, were pointed out
lacement angle theory was led to analyze the applicable conditions and defects of the design calculation on water-proof pillar to faults.
引文
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[9]崔芳鹏,武强,胡瑞林,等.断层防水煤(岩)柱安全宽度的计算与评价[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2009,28(04)：517-560.
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[11]左建平,陈中辉,王怀文.深部煤矿采动诱发断层活动规律[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(03)：305-309.
[12]谭志祥,周鸣,邓喀中.断层对水体下采煤的影响及其防治[J].煤炭学报,2000,25(03)：256-259.
[13]施青龙,韩进,刘同彬,等.采场底板断层防水煤柱留设研究[J].岩石力学和工程学报,2005,24(02)：5585-5590.
[14]卜万奎,茅献彪.断层倾角对断层活化及底板突水的影响研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(02)：386-394.
[15]Kim Y. S, Sanderdon D. J. The relationship between displacement and length of faults:a review[J]. Earth Science Reviews,2005,68:317-334.
[16]Islam M. R, Shin R. J. Mining-induced fault reactivation associated with the main conveyor belt roadway and safety of the Barapukuria Coal Mine in Bangladesh:Constraints from BEM simulations[J]. International Journal of Coal Geology,2009(79):115-130.
[17]Donnelly L. J. A review of coal mining induced fault reactivation in Great Britain[J]. Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, 2006,39:5-50.
[18]Donnelly L. J, Culshaw M. G, Bel 1 F. G. Longwall mining-induced fault reactivation and delayed subsidence ground movement in British coalfields[J]. Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology,2008,41:301-314.
[19]Galybin A. N. A model of mining_induced fault sliding[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics sand Mining Sciences,1997,34(03):91.el-91. e3.
[20]张均峰,张华玲,孟达,等.断层参数对承压水体上采煤的影响分析[J].水文地质工程地质,2009,(06)：10-15.
[21]Hao Y. H, Azzam R. The plastic zones and displacements around underground opening in rock masses containing a fault[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics sand Mining Sciences,2005,20(01):49-61.
[22]刘朋辉,魏迎奇,杨昭东.贵州印江岩口滑坡过程的数值模拟分析[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报,2007,5(02)：115-120.
[23]成名,刘维甫,刘凯欣.高速冲击问题的离散元法数值模拟[J].计算力学学报,2009,26(04)：591-594.
[24]Ferrero A. M, Godio A. Geophysical L.Sambuelli. Geomechanical Investigations Applied to the Rock Mass Characterisation for Distinct Element Modelling[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2007,6(40):603-622.
[25]周建,杨永香,刘洋.循环荷载下砂土液化特性颗粒流数值模拟[J].岩土力学,2009,30(04)：1083-1088.
[26]Federico A. T, Michael E. P. Discrete element method for modeling solid and particulate materials [J]. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering,2007,70(04):379-404.
[27]伍永田,张旭生,李晓芸.采空区塌陷的离散元模拟[J].采矿技术,8(01)：73-74.
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