高铁酸盐的稳定性研究
摘要
高铁酸盐具有极强的氧化性和优良的絮凝功能，是一种优良的水处理剂，正是由于高铁酸盐在水处理方面的优异性能才使它获得了前所未有的发展前景。但是，高铁酸盐有自催化现象，具有不稳定性，不能够象液氯一样长期保存，这限制了它的大规模应用。为了寻找稳定高铁酸盐的方法，拓展其应用前景，我们进行了一系列研究。
首先我们研究了不同类型的光对高铁酸盐溶液稳定性的影响，同时研究了不同的储存方式与高铁酸盐溶液稳定性的关系和光照条件下含次氯及不含次氯的高铁酸盐溶液的分解特性，发现高铁酸盐碱性溶液避光盛贮于聚乙烯塑料容器中，可使FeO_4~(2-)的稳定性有明显提高，这一结果对我们以后在制备、存放和应用高铁酸盐溶液的过程中将起到指导作用。
接着作了粘土对高铁酸盐溶液的稳定作用的研究，结果表明粘土对高铁酸盐溶液有良好的稳定作用，通过实验分析得到其稳定作用是由于粘土中溶出的硅酸根或多聚硅酸根所致，且随着其浓度的增加对高铁酸盐的稳定作用增强。
基于影响高铁酸盐稳定性的以上因素，我们用粘土、添加剂N和高铁酸盐制成不同比例的复合高铁酸盐，并对其溶出的高铁酸根浓度进行测定。发现复合高铁酸盐有较好的稳定作用，这简化了其制备工艺且易于存放，为其工业化应用提供了可能。
最后我们用所制成的复合高铁酸盐对几种染料配水进行了脱色研究，结果表明其具有成本低、脱色效果好、无二次污染等优点，有望推广到实际应用中。
Ferrate(VI) is a strong and environmentally friendly oxidant, coagulant, and water treatment agent, which lead to its unprecedented future practical application in many fields. But ferrate(VI) has the property of self-catalysis, unlike the stability of chlorine, which contributes to its low stability in solution and prohibits its wide use. In order to find a solution to this problem and enlarge its scope of use. a series of studys are carried out on it.
At first.the affects of different light wave on the stability of ferrate solution have been investigated. At the same time, we put ferrate in the container made by different materials in different condition and ferrate decomposition property in solution whether with ClO- or without ClO-.The results indicates the ferrate was reserved in the container made by polythene have the higher stability in dark which can guide the preparation, applying and preservation of the ferrate in the future.
Then studied on several clays affect on the stability of ferrate solution. The results show the addition of clays retarded the decomposition of ferrate in alkaline solution. Through analysed the results of test, we found this due to the silicium or polysilicium of clays and its increasing stabilizing effect on ferrate when the concentration of silicium or polysilicium increases. A bargain stabilizing agent for ferrate solution was found in this way, which is helpful for practical application of ferrate .
Based on this factor,we prepared compound ferrate with ferrate, additiontion agent N and clay and determined the concentration of FeO42-.We observed the compound ferrate is relatively stable which simplify technological process and is easy to be reserved.It supply possibility for application of industrialization of the ferrate.
Finally.the decolorization of five kinds of dyes with the compound ferrate were investigated.The results show it have low cost good decolorizing efficiencies and non-polluting and so on.lt is possible for practical application of ferrate in waste water treatment.
首先我们研究了不同类型的光对高铁酸盐溶液稳定性的影响，同时研究了不同的储存方式与高铁酸盐溶液稳定性的关系和光照条件下含次氯及不含次氯的高铁酸盐溶液的分解特性，发现高铁酸盐碱性溶液避光盛贮于聚乙烯塑料容器中，可使FeO_4~(2-)的稳定性有明显提高，这一结果对我们以后在制备、存放和应用高铁酸盐溶液的过程中将起到指导作用。
接着作了粘土对高铁酸盐溶液的稳定作用的研究，结果表明粘土对高铁酸盐溶液有良好的稳定作用，通过实验分析得到其稳定作用是由于粘土中溶出的硅酸根或多聚硅酸根所致，且随着其浓度的增加对高铁酸盐的稳定作用增强。
基于影响高铁酸盐稳定性的以上因素，我们用粘土、添加剂N和高铁酸盐制成不同比例的复合高铁酸盐，并对其溶出的高铁酸根浓度进行测定。发现复合高铁酸盐有较好的稳定作用，这简化了其制备工艺且易于存放，为其工业化应用提供了可能。
最后我们用所制成的复合高铁酸盐对几种染料配水进行了脱色研究，结果表明其具有成本低、脱色效果好、无二次污染等优点，有望推广到实际应用中。
Ferrate(VI) is a strong and environmentally friendly oxidant, coagulant, and water treatment agent, which lead to its unprecedented future practical application in many fields. But ferrate(VI) has the property of self-catalysis, unlike the stability of chlorine, which contributes to its low stability in solution and prohibits its wide use. In order to find a solution to this problem and enlarge its scope of use. a series of studys are carried out on it.
At first.the affects of different light wave on the stability of ferrate solution have been investigated. At the same time, we put ferrate in the container made by different materials in different condition and ferrate decomposition property in solution whether with ClO- or without ClO-.The results indicates the ferrate was reserved in the container made by polythene have the higher stability in dark which can guide the preparation, applying and preservation of the ferrate in the future.
Then studied on several clays affect on the stability of ferrate solution. The results show the addition of clays retarded the decomposition of ferrate in alkaline solution. Through analysed the results of test, we found this due to the silicium or polysilicium of clays and its increasing stabilizing effect on ferrate when the concentration of silicium or polysilicium increases. A bargain stabilizing agent for ferrate solution was found in this way, which is helpful for practical application of ferrate .
Based on this factor,we prepared compound ferrate with ferrate, additiontion agent N and clay and determined the concentration of FeO42-.We observed the compound ferrate is relatively stable which simplify technological process and is easy to be reserved.It supply possibility for application of industrialization of the ferrate.
Finally.the decolorization of five kinds of dyes with the compound ferrate were investigated.The results show it have low cost good decolorizing efficiencies and non-polluting and so on.lt is possible for practical application of ferrate in waste water treatment.
引文
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