考虑应力路径变化的路基土的力学特性研究及工程应用
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摘要
80年代以来,随着我国公路建设的迅猛发展,在不良地质地区兴建公路日益增多。对于这些土质路基,如何处理路基底部地基、填筑路堤以及进行开挖路堑时的边坡防护就成了制约交通投资和施工工期的重要因素。目前路基的设计和施工方案基本都是根据路基土体的初始和工后的应力状态,而没有考虑施工的过程中土体的应力变化过程,结果往往会与实际情况产生较大的偏差,为此,本文尝试采用应力路径分析方法,以更好地模拟工程实际。
首先,本文系统地总结分析应力路径变化对土的抗剪强度、土的应力-应变关系及变形特性的影响,结果表明:由于加载的应力路径不同,土体表现出来的剪切性状也不一样,土的总应力抗剪强度指标大小有所差异;应力路径变化对土的应力-应变关系和变形有着明显的影响。
其次,本文归纳总结了应力路径原理在分析地基的稳定性和沉降计算中的应用的各种理论,探讨了有关应力路径分析方法在路堤填筑和路堑边坡工程中的应用理论。
第三,本文结合典型路基工程包括地基沉降、路堤填筑、压实以及边坡开挖等实例进行了计算分析,初步论证本文中阐述的应力路径原理和理论在路基工程中应用的正确性。
利用应力路径原理在路堤填筑和路堑边坡开挖工程中的应用的理论还处于初步探讨阶段,还有待于在室内试验和实际设计、施工中进一步论证和深化。
Since the 1980s, as rapid development of highway construction in China, the construction of highways increasingly increase in bad geological growing. It becomes a important factor how to treat foundation under subgrade and protect slope on fill embankment and excavation cut, and restricts traffic investment and construction period for the soil subgrade. At present, the design and construction programme of subgrade are based on state of initial and complete soil stress on the whole, without taking into account process about stress change in the process of construction, so the actual situation will have a greater difference. Therefor, This paper attempts to use stress path analysis methods, in order to better simulate actual projects.
Firstly, this paper systematically generalized the impact of stress path variety for shear strength, constitutive relation and deformation of soil. The results showed that: As the different path of stress load, the shear characters of soil are different, and the total stress shear strength of soil is vary; stress path variety is a distinct impact for constitutive relation and deformation of soil.
Secondly,this paper also inextenso and systematically generalized the various theories which are applied to stability analysis and settlement calculations of foundation, and further discussed the application theory about the stress path analysis method with embankment fill and cut slope construction.
Thirdly, In this paper, typically examples of the subgrade construction include foundation settlement, embankment fill, compaction, as well as excavating the slope were calculated analysis. at the same time, the correctness of the theory that stress path principle application in subgrade construction was demonstrated.
The theory that stress path principle in embankment fill and cut excavation is still in the further exploratory stage, as well as , the existing theories will be further deepened and demonstrated by test in the room, actual design and construction and feasibility studies, and further deepen.
首先,本文系统地总结分析应力路径变化对土的抗剪强度、土的应力-应变关系及变形特性的影响,结果表明:由于加载的应力路径不同,土体表现出来的剪切性状也不一样,土的总应力抗剪强度指标大小有所差异;应力路径变化对土的应力-应变关系和变形有着明显的影响。
其次,本文归纳总结了应力路径原理在分析地基的稳定性和沉降计算中的应用的各种理论,探讨了有关应力路径分析方法在路堤填筑和路堑边坡工程中的应用理论。
第三,本文结合典型路基工程包括地基沉降、路堤填筑、压实以及边坡开挖等实例进行了计算分析,初步论证本文中阐述的应力路径原理和理论在路基工程中应用的正确性。
利用应力路径原理在路堤填筑和路堑边坡开挖工程中的应用的理论还处于初步探讨阶段,还有待于在室内试验和实际设计、施工中进一步论证和深化。
Since the 1980s, as rapid development of highway construction in China, the construction of highways increasingly increase in bad geological growing. It becomes a important factor how to treat foundation under subgrade and protect slope on fill embankment and excavation cut, and restricts traffic investment and construction period for the soil subgrade. At present, the design and construction programme of subgrade are based on state of initial and complete soil stress on the whole, without taking into account process about stress change in the process of construction, so the actual situation will have a greater difference. Therefor, This paper attempts to use stress path analysis methods, in order to better simulate actual projects.
Firstly, this paper systematically generalized the impact of stress path variety for shear strength, constitutive relation and deformation of soil. The results showed that: As the different path of stress load, the shear characters of soil are different, and the total stress shear strength of soil is vary; stress path variety is a distinct impact for constitutive relation and deformation of soil.
Secondly,this paper also inextenso and systematically generalized the various theories which are applied to stability analysis and settlement calculations of foundation, and further discussed the application theory about the stress path analysis method with embankment fill and cut slope construction.
Thirdly, In this paper, typically examples of the subgrade construction include foundation settlement, embankment fill, compaction, as well as excavating the slope were calculated analysis. at the same time, the correctness of the theory that stress path principle application in subgrade construction was demonstrated.
The theory that stress path principle in embankment fill and cut excavation is still in the further exploratory stage, as well as , the existing theories will be further deepened and demonstrated by test in the room, actual design and construction and feasibility studies, and further deepen.
引文
[1] 赵晓磊.应力路径法实现高填方软土的加固与优化[J].安阳师范学院学报,2004(5):130～132.
[2] 贾 娟,汪益敏,林叔忠.不良地质路堑高边坡的施工模拟与监测分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报.2005,24(22):4106～4110.
[3] 罗嗣海,邓通发,杨建永.考虑应力路径的地基临塑(界)荷载计算[J].东华理工学院学报,2007,2(30):154～156.
[4] 胡中雄.土力学与环境土工学[M].上海:同济大学出版社,1997.
[5] Lambe T W. Stress path method. Proc.ASCE,1967,SM.NO.6:309～331.
[6] 钱坤,尹新生.几种不同地基沉降量计算方法的分析[J].山西建筑,2005,12(24):97～87.
[7] 李纲林,刘祖德,邹 勇.应力路径法在地基沉降计算中的应用[J] .武汉大学学报(工学版), 2003,36(6):56～60.
[8] 龚晓楠.地基处理新技术[M].陕西:陕西科学技术出版社,1997.
[9] 童怀峰.高填方路基处理机理及优化设计[D].郑州,郑州大学,2005.
[10] 张浩华.软土高填方路基后处理技术及工程应用研究[D].郑州,郑州大学,2004.
[11] 王希年.软基路堤施工期稳定性分析与评价[J].中南公路工程,2003,28(1):12～14.
[12] 李元明.软土地基上分阶段填筑路堤的稳定性评价[D].南京,东南大学,2004.
[13] 高 正 中 , 张 青 云 . 考 虑 应 力 路 径 影 响 的 土 坡 稳 定 分 析 法 [J]. 西 南 交 通 大 学 学报,1997,32(4):370～376.
[14] 梁波,孙遇祺编.高等土力学[R].兰州,2000.
[15] 李广信编.高等土力学[M] .北京:清华大学出版社,2004.
[16] 卢廷浩编.土力学[M] .南京:河海大学出版社,2002.
[17] 邓洪亮浮海.饱和粘性土的抗剪强度及应力路径探讨[J].洛阳大学学报,1997,12(4):44～49.
[18] C. C. L add,Stability Evaluation During Staged Construction. P roc. ASCE, 1991,Vol117, GT4.
[19] 黄 英,何发祥,赵惠敏.不同应力路径对红土三轴剪切试验成果的影响[J]. 云南工业大学学报,1999,15(1):6～11.
[20] 戴自航,沈蒲生,程嫒彩.土的应力-应变路径若干问题描述[J].岩土工程学报 ,2004,26(6):854～857.
[21] 杨 杰.砂土弹塑性-损伤本构关系的数值建模[D].武汉,华中科技大学,2005.
[22] 陈晓琳. K 0固结-CTC 路径下砂土弹塑性本构模型[D].武汉,华中科技大学,2005.
[23] 赵成刚,白 冰,王运霞编.土力学原理[M] .北京:清华大学出版社,2004.
[24] 许成顺.复杂应力条件下饱和砂土剪切特性及本构模型的试验研究[D].大连,大连理工大学,2006.
[25] Poulos,H, G. (1976).Method of calculating long-term creep settlement,J.Geotechnical engrg,Div,ASCE,vol.104, No.GT3.397.
[26] Breth,H.(1973).Axial sress-strain characteristics of sand,J. Soil Mech and Found.Div. ASCE.Vol.99.No.SMB,617.
[27] Yudbbir and Varadragan.A.(1975).Stress-path dependent deformation model of clay, J.Geo.Engrg.Div.ASCE,Vol 101,No.GT3,315.
[28] 曹杰.排水固结法在不同应力路径下引起软土地基沉降初步分析[D].南京:河海大学岩土工程研究所,2006.
[29] 罗嗣海,邓通发,杨建永.考虑应力路径的地基临塑(界)荷载计算[J].东华理工学院学报 ,2007,30(2):154～156.
[30] 魏汝龙.软粘土的强度和变形[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1987.
[31] 罗嗣海,龚晓南.论固结不排水剪总应力强度指标及其应用[J].地球科学 ,1998,23(6):643～647.
[32] Duncan,J.M.,Chang,C.Y.,1996.Nonlinear Analysis of Stress and Strain in Soils[J].Soil Mech.Found.Div.,ASCE,(SM5):1629～1653.
[33] 周正茂,蒋洪胜,杨 荣.考虑应力路径的地基沉降计算法[J].山东建筑工程学院学报 ,1997,12(3):7～12.
[34] 郭馨煦.浅析公路路基压实度的提高方法[J].市政与路桥,2007, 07S:236～236.
[35] 李颢.路堑式坡残积土质边坡变形与稳定性的研究[D].福州,福州大学,2003.
[36] 许云华.土质路堑边坡稳定性研究[D].昆明,昆明理工大学,2005.
[37] 王伍军.土质边坡稳定性因子研究[D].贵阳,贵州大学,2006.
[38] 王国体,易志宏,胡志专等.开挖边坡中应力重塑方法的有限元模拟[J].合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版),2004, 27(4):368～371.
[39] 叶季平,李雪松,邹 勇.应用应力路径分析法计算建筑物沉降变形[J].. 中国农村水利水电,2004(9):72～74.
[40] 朱飞. 高填路堤快速施工及沉降的数值仿真研究[D].武汉,华中科技大学,2006.
[2] 贾 娟,汪益敏,林叔忠.不良地质路堑高边坡的施工模拟与监测分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报.2005,24(22):4106～4110.
[3] 罗嗣海,邓通发,杨建永.考虑应力路径的地基临塑(界)荷载计算[J].东华理工学院学报,2007,2(30):154～156.
[4] 胡中雄.土力学与环境土工学[M].上海:同济大学出版社,1997.
[5] Lambe T W. Stress path method. Proc.ASCE,1967,SM.NO.6:309～331.
[6] 钱坤,尹新生.几种不同地基沉降量计算方法的分析[J].山西建筑,2005,12(24):97～87.
[7] 李纲林,刘祖德,邹 勇.应力路径法在地基沉降计算中的应用[J] .武汉大学学报(工学版), 2003,36(6):56～60.
[8] 龚晓楠.地基处理新技术[M].陕西:陕西科学技术出版社,1997.
[9] 童怀峰.高填方路基处理机理及优化设计[D].郑州,郑州大学,2005.
[10] 张浩华.软土高填方路基后处理技术及工程应用研究[D].郑州,郑州大学,2004.
[11] 王希年.软基路堤施工期稳定性分析与评价[J].中南公路工程,2003,28(1):12～14.
[12] 李元明.软土地基上分阶段填筑路堤的稳定性评价[D].南京,东南大学,2004.
[13] 高 正 中 , 张 青 云 . 考 虑 应 力 路 径 影 响 的 土 坡 稳 定 分 析 法 [J]. 西 南 交 通 大 学 学报,1997,32(4):370～376.
[14] 梁波,孙遇祺编.高等土力学[R].兰州,2000.
[15] 李广信编.高等土力学[M] .北京:清华大学出版社,2004.
[16] 卢廷浩编.土力学[M] .南京:河海大学出版社,2002.
[17] 邓洪亮浮海.饱和粘性土的抗剪强度及应力路径探讨[J].洛阳大学学报,1997,12(4):44～49.
[18] C. C. L add,Stability Evaluation During Staged Construction. P roc. ASCE, 1991,Vol117, GT4.
[19] 黄 英,何发祥,赵惠敏.不同应力路径对红土三轴剪切试验成果的影响[J]. 云南工业大学学报,1999,15(1):6～11.
[20] 戴自航,沈蒲生,程嫒彩.土的应力-应变路径若干问题描述[J].岩土工程学报 ,2004,26(6):854～857.
[21] 杨 杰.砂土弹塑性-损伤本构关系的数值建模[D].武汉,华中科技大学,2005.
[22] 陈晓琳. K 0固结-CTC 路径下砂土弹塑性本构模型[D].武汉,华中科技大学,2005.
[23] 赵成刚,白 冰,王运霞编.土力学原理[M] .北京:清华大学出版社,2004.
[24] 许成顺.复杂应力条件下饱和砂土剪切特性及本构模型的试验研究[D].大连,大连理工大学,2006.
[25] Poulos,H, G. (1976).Method of calculating long-term creep settlement,J.Geotechnical engrg,Div,ASCE,vol.104, No.GT3.397.
[26] Breth,H.(1973).Axial sress-strain characteristics of sand,J. Soil Mech and Found.Div. ASCE.Vol.99.No.SMB,617.
[27] Yudbbir and Varadragan.A.(1975).Stress-path dependent deformation model of clay, J.Geo.Engrg.Div.ASCE,Vol 101,No.GT3,315.
[28] 曹杰.排水固结法在不同应力路径下引起软土地基沉降初步分析[D].南京:河海大学岩土工程研究所,2006.
[29] 罗嗣海,邓通发,杨建永.考虑应力路径的地基临塑(界)荷载计算[J].东华理工学院学报 ,2007,30(2):154～156.
[30] 魏汝龙.软粘土的强度和变形[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1987.
[31] 罗嗣海,龚晓南.论固结不排水剪总应力强度指标及其应用[J].地球科学 ,1998,23(6):643～647.
[32] Duncan,J.M.,Chang,C.Y.,1996.Nonlinear Analysis of Stress and Strain in Soils[J].Soil Mech.Found.Div.,ASCE,(SM5):1629～1653.
[33] 周正茂,蒋洪胜,杨 荣.考虑应力路径的地基沉降计算法[J].山东建筑工程学院学报 ,1997,12(3):7～12.
[34] 郭馨煦.浅析公路路基压实度的提高方法[J].市政与路桥,2007, 07S:236～236.
[35] 李颢.路堑式坡残积土质边坡变形与稳定性的研究[D].福州,福州大学,2003.
[36] 许云华.土质路堑边坡稳定性研究[D].昆明,昆明理工大学,2005.
[37] 王伍军.土质边坡稳定性因子研究[D].贵阳,贵州大学,2006.
[38] 王国体,易志宏,胡志专等.开挖边坡中应力重塑方法的有限元模拟[J].合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版),2004, 27(4):368～371.
[39] 叶季平,李雪松,邹 勇.应用应力路径分析法计算建筑物沉降变形[J].. 中国农村水利水电,2004(9):72～74.
[40] 朱飞. 高填路堤快速施工及沉降的数值仿真研究[D].武汉,华中科技大学,2006.