温带三种典型森林群落土壤呼吸季节动态及其驱动机制研究
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摘要
土壤呼吸驱动机制的研究对于估算森林土壤碳储量和预测未来气候变化条件下森林土壤呼吸的响应有重要意义。本研究应用红外线CO2分析仪(IRGA,LI-8100)对北京东灵山地区的辽东栎(Quercus liaotungensis Koidz.)林、华北落叶松(Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr.)林和油松(Pinus tabuliformis Carr.)林等三种典型温带森林生态系统的土壤呼吸进行了生长季内的动态监测,并通过壕沟法定量区分自养呼吸和异养呼吸,结合各种监测因子初步探讨其驱动机制。结果表明:
1.三种森林生态系统的土壤呼吸、异氧呼吸和自养呼吸呼吸速率均呈现明显的季节变化。
2.异养呼吸在土壤呼吸中占较大比重,辽东栎林、华北落叶松林、中国油松林土壤异养呼吸分别占总呼吸的80%、71%、77%,在三种林型之间的差异达到极显著水平(P<0.001)。
3.土壤温度是影响土壤呼吸各组分的主要环境因子,但土壤温度对土壤呼吸的驱动机制在不同的林型之间差异明显。4.影响土壤呼吸的生物因子在不同林型间存在差异,细根净输入量很大程度上决
定了自养呼吸的总量,凋落物净输入量对于异养呼吸有重要影响。
Based upon the field data on seasonal dynamic of soil respiration in three temperate forests, we could obtain the response of soil respiration, autotrophic respiration and heterotrophic respiration to the soil temperature, soil water moisture, leaf area index, fine root biomass, fine root turnover and litter turnover in Donglinshan mountain. The relationship proposed for soil respiration with these factors was useful for understanding and predicting potential changes in Beijing Donglinshan mountain forest ecosystem in response to forest management and climate change.We used trench method to sepetate components of soil respiration in three typical forestlands. A study was conducted to determine the seasonal dynamic of soil respiration and the drive mechanism of the changes in temperate forests in Donglingshan mountain from April to October in 2010. Results indicated that:
1. the total soil respiration, heterotrophic respiration and autotrophic respiration of three temperate forests followed a similar seasonal trend, and heterotrophic respiration differences in forest types (P<0.001).
2. The contributions of heterotrophic respiration to the total soil respiration of Oak forest, Larch forest and Pine forest were 80%、71%、77%.
3. For all forest types, the soil respiration, autotrophic respiration and heterotrophic respiration were significantly influenced by soil temperature. But the drive mechanism of soil respiration was complicated.
4. The autotrophic respiration was significantly correlated with fine root net input, while the heterotrophic respiration was significantly correlated with litter net input.
1.三种森林生态系统的土壤呼吸、异氧呼吸和自养呼吸呼吸速率均呈现明显的季节变化。
2.异养呼吸在土壤呼吸中占较大比重,辽东栎林、华北落叶松林、中国油松林土壤异养呼吸分别占总呼吸的80%、71%、77%,在三种林型之间的差异达到极显著水平(P<0.001)。
3.土壤温度是影响土壤呼吸各组分的主要环境因子,但土壤温度对土壤呼吸的驱动机制在不同的林型之间差异明显。4.影响土壤呼吸的生物因子在不同林型间存在差异,细根净输入量很大程度上决
定了自养呼吸的总量,凋落物净输入量对于异养呼吸有重要影响。
Based upon the field data on seasonal dynamic of soil respiration in three temperate forests, we could obtain the response of soil respiration, autotrophic respiration and heterotrophic respiration to the soil temperature, soil water moisture, leaf area index, fine root biomass, fine root turnover and litter turnover in Donglinshan mountain. The relationship proposed for soil respiration with these factors was useful for understanding and predicting potential changes in Beijing Donglinshan mountain forest ecosystem in response to forest management and climate change.We used trench method to sepetate components of soil respiration in three typical forestlands. A study was conducted to determine the seasonal dynamic of soil respiration and the drive mechanism of the changes in temperate forests in Donglingshan mountain from April to October in 2010. Results indicated that:
1. the total soil respiration, heterotrophic respiration and autotrophic respiration of three temperate forests followed a similar seasonal trend, and heterotrophic respiration differences in forest types (P<0.001).
2. The contributions of heterotrophic respiration to the total soil respiration of Oak forest, Larch forest and Pine forest were 80%、71%、77%.
3. For all forest types, the soil respiration, autotrophic respiration and heterotrophic respiration were significantly influenced by soil temperature. But the drive mechanism of soil respiration was complicated.
4. The autotrophic respiration was significantly correlated with fine root net input, while the heterotrophic respiration was significantly correlated with litter net input.
引文
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62 Janssens IA, Carrara A, Ceulemans R. Annual Q10 of soil respiration reflects plant phenological patterns as well as temperature sensitivity [J]. Global Change Biology, 2004, (10): 161-169
2 Jabbagy EG, and Jackson RB. The vertical distribution of soil organic carbon and its relation to climate and vegetation [J]. Ecological Application, 2000, (10): 423-436
3 Reeburgh AC. Figures summarizing the global cycles of biogeochemically important elements [J]. Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America, 1997, (78): 260-267
4 Schlesinger WH. Biogeochemisty: An Anaysis of Global Change. Academic Press, 1997, San Diego
5陈庆强,沈承德,易惟熙,彭少麟,李志安.土壤碳循环研究进展[J].地球科学进展, 1998, (13): 555-563
6于贵瑞,孙晓敏. 2006.陆地生态系统通量观测的原理与方法.北京:高等教育出版社
7韩士杰,董云社,蔡祖聪,等. 2008.中国陆地生态系统碳循环的生物地球化学过程.北京:科学出版社
8 Valentini R, Matteucci G, Dolman AJ, Schulze ED, Rebmann C, Moors EJ, Granier A, Gross P, Jensen NO, Pilegaard K, Lindroth A, Grille A, Bernhofer C,Grünwald T, Aubinet M, Ceulemans R, Kowalski AS, Vesala T, Rannikü, Berbigier P, Loustau D, Guemundsson J, Thorgeirsson H, Ibrom A, Morgenstern K, Clement R, Moncrieff J, Montagnani L, Minerbi S, Jarvis PG. Respiration as the main determinant of carbon balance in European forests[J]. Nature, 2000, ( 404): 861-865
9 Raich JW, Potter CS, Bhagawati D. Interannual variability in global soil respiration, 1980–94[J]. Global Change Biology , 2002, (8): 800-812
10何娜,王立海,孟春.压实对落叶松人工林夏季土壤呼吸日变化的影响[J].应用生态学报, 2010, (12): 3370-3376
11张增信,施政,何容,王国兵,唐燕飞,阮宏华.北亚热带次生栎林和人工松林土壤呼吸日变化[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 2010, (1): 19-23
12丁访军,聂洋,高艳平,吴鹏,胡蕖.黔中喀斯特地区5种林型冬季土壤呼吸研究[J].水土保持通报, 2010, (1): 11-16
13张慧东,尤文忠,邢兆凯,赵刚,颜廷武,魏文俊.暖温带—中温带过渡区落叶松人工林土壤呼吸特征研究[J].内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2009, (3): 24-28
14沈微,王立海,孟春.小兴安岭天然针阔混交林择伐后土壤呼吸动态变化[J].森林工程, 2009, (3): 1-4
15 Davidson EA, Berk E, and Boone RD. Soil water content and temperature as independent or con confound factors controlling soil respiration in a temperature mixed hardwood forest [J]. Global Change Biology, 1998, (4): 217-227
16 Xu M, and Qi Y. Soil-surface CO2 efflux and its spatial and temporal variations in a younge ponderosa pine plantation in northern California [J]. Global Change Biology, 2001, (7): 667-677
17 Grogan P, and Chapin FS. Arctic soil respiration, Effects of climate and vegetation depend on season [J]. Ecosystems, 1999, (2) : 451-459
18 Scott-Denton LE, Spark KL, and Monson RK. Spatial and temporal control of soil respiration rate in high-elevation, subalpine forest [J]. Soil biology and biochemistry, 2003, (35): 525-534
19 Epron D, Nouvellon Y, Roupsard O, Mouvondy W, Mabiala A, Saint-Andre L, Joffre R, Jourdan C, Bonneffond JM, Berbigier P, and Hamel O. Spatial and temporal varations of soil respiration in a Eucalyptus plantation in Congo[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2004, (202): 149-160
20 Hui D, Luo Y, and Katul G. Partitioning interannual variability in net ecosystem exchange into climatic variability and functional change [J]. Tree Physiology, 2003, ( 23): 433-442
21 King JS, Hanson PJ, Bernhardt EY, Deangelis P, Norby RJ, and Pregitzer, KS. A multiyear synthesis of soil respiration responses to elevated atmospheric CO2 from four FACE experiments [J]. Global Change Biology, 2004, (10): 1027-1042
22 ChapinⅢFS, Maston PA, and Mooney HA. Principles of terrestrial ecosystem ecology. Springer-Verlag, New York, USA
23 Atkin OK, Edwards EJ, and Loveys BR. Response of root respiration to changes in temperature and its relevance to global warming [J]. New Phytologist, 2000, (147): 141-154
24 Edwards NT, Benham DG, Marland LA, and Fitter AH. Root production is determined by radiation flux in a temperate grassland community [J]. Global Change Biology, 2004, (10): 209-227.
25侯琳,雷瑞德,王得祥,苏子友.森林生态系统土壤呼吸研究进展[J].土壤通报, 2006, (3): 589-594
26杨玉盛,董彬,谢锦升,陈光水,李灵,刘东霞,李震.林木自养呼吸及测定方法进展[J].植物生态学报, 2004, (3): 426-434
27范志平,王红,邓东周,孙学凯,高俊刚,曾德慧.土壤异养呼吸的测定及其温度敏感性影响因子[J].生态学杂志, 2008, (7): 1221-1226
28杨玉盛,陈光水,谢锦升,王小国,牛志鹏,韩永刚,张有利.格氏栲天然林与人工林土壤异养呼吸特性及动态[J].土壤学报, 2006, (1): 53-61
29陈光水,杨玉盛,王小国,谢锦升,高人,李震.格氏栲天然林与人工林根系呼吸季节动态及影响因素[J].生态学报, 2005, (8): 1941-1947
30 Luo Y, Wan S, Hui D, Wallace L. Acclimatization of soil respiration to warming in a tall grass prairie[J]. Nature, 2001, (413), 622-625
31 Davidson EA, Janssens IA, Luo YQ. On the variability of respiration in terrestrial ecosystem: moving beyord Q10 [J]. Global Change Biology, 2006, (12), 154-164
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