周期管阵列中声波带隙的研究
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摘要
声学法检测电站锅炉泄漏技术由于其机理的优势,具有灵敏度高、可以迅速得到检测结果及理论上能够确定泄漏口的大小及位置等优点,是一种先进的技术方法。但声波检测锅炉泄漏过程中,炉内管阵列结构等因素将改变泄漏声波的传播特性,对检测结果有一定的影响。本文研究声波在管阵列中的传播特性,首先以电站锅炉内的管阵列为背景,搭建实验平台,将钢管以三角形周期结构排列于空气中,实验研究声波经管阵列传播后的带隙规律,得到声子带隙随管阵列结构参数改变的变化规律;然后利用平面波展开法求解得到正三角形周期结构的声波禁带,与实验结果进行对比验证,两者具有很好的吻合性。
Acoustic detection method for power plant boiler tubes leakage is considered as an advanced technology, which is high sensitivity and get the monitoring result quickly, and it can determine the position and size of the leakage. The acoustic wave propagation is changed by the boiler tubes which may be change the monitoring result when the leakage is occur in the boiler. In this paper, the acoustic propagation in tube rows is studied. First, the tube rows experimental platform is built according to the boiler tubes. The steel pipes are triangular periodic array in the air. The laws of acoustic band-gaps of acoustic wave through the tube rows is studied by experiment, the laws are obtained by change the structural parameters of the steel tubes. Then the acoustic band-gaps of regular triangle are calculated by the plane-wave expansion method, the result is compared with the experimental data, they have a good consistent.
Acoustic detection method for power plant boiler tubes leakage is considered as an advanced technology, which is high sensitivity and get the monitoring result quickly, and it can determine the position and size of the leakage. The acoustic wave propagation is changed by the boiler tubes which may be change the monitoring result when the leakage is occur in the boiler. In this paper, the acoustic propagation in tube rows is studied. First, the tube rows experimental platform is built according to the boiler tubes. The steel pipes are triangular periodic array in the air. The laws of acoustic band-gaps of acoustic wave through the tube rows is studied by experiment, the laws are obtained by change the structural parameters of the steel tubes. Then the acoustic band-gaps of regular triangle are calculated by the plane-wave expansion method, the result is compared with the experimental data, they have a good consistent.
引文
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[2] 牛涛.推广应用锅炉四管泄漏的在线监测技术.华北电力技术,1998,(9):4~6,28
[3] 牛涛.声谱分析法监测炉管泄漏.中国电力,1997,30(6):68
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[5] 姜根山.锅炉管道泄漏声行为特性研究:[博士学位论文].保定:华北电力大学能源与动力工程学院,2006
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[19] 赵宏刚,刘耀宗,韩小云,等.空气中正方形排列的大声阻抗柱体阵列的声波禁带.国防科技大学学报,2004,26(4):77~80
[20] 姜根山,安连锁,吕亚东,等.炉内单排换热器管阵列声传输特性数值研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(12):151~157
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[22] 张荣英,姜根山,屈国强,等.空气中钢管阵列声波禁带的实验研究.声学技术,2007,26(2):238~242
[23] Sigalas M M, Economou E N. Elastic and acoustic wave band structure. Journal of Sound and Vibration.1992,2(382) :158377
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[26] 齐共金.二维声子晶体的带隙研究:[硕士学位论文].长沙:国防科学技术大学材料与化学系,2002
[27] 颜琳,赵鹤平,王小云,等.三维声子晶体带隙与散射体取向的关系.吉首大学学报,2006,27(2):61~63
[28] 吴福根,刘正猷,刘有延.二维周期性复合介质中弹性波的能带结构.声学学报,2001,26(4):319~323
[29] 温激鸿,刘耀宗,郁殿龙,等.基于散射单元的声子晶体振动带隙研究.人工晶体学报,2004,33(3):358~362
[30] 吴福根,刘有延.二维周期性复合介质中的声波带隙结构及其缺陷态.物理学报,2002,51(7):1434~1438
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[32] Martinez-Sala R M,Sancho J,Sanchez J V,et al.Sound attenuation by sculpture . Nature ,1995,378(16):241
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[34] F.Cervera, L.Sanchis, J.V.Sanchez-Perez,et al.Refractive acoustic devices for airborne sound.Phys.Rev.Lett.,2002,88(2):023902
[35] Wu F G, Hou Z L,Liu Z Y. Point defect states in two-dimensional phononic crystals . Phys.Lett. A,2001,292:198~202
[36] Wu F G, Liu Z Y,Liu Y Y. Stop gaps single defect states of acoustic waves in two dimensional lattice of liquid cylinders. Chinese Physics Letters, 2001, 18 (16): 785~787
[37] Wu F G, Liu Z Y, Liu Y Y. Acoustic band gaps in 2D liquid phononic crystals of rectangular structure. Phys. D:Appl.Phys.,2002,35(2):162~165
[38] 齐共金,杨盛良,白书欣,等.基于平面波算法的二维声子晶体带结构的研究.物理学报,2003,52(3),668~671
[39] Wu F G, Liu Z Y,Liu Y Y. Splitting and tuning characteristics of the point defect modes in two-dimensional phononic crystals. Physics Review E, 2004,69 (6): 066609-1~066609-4
[40] 齐共金,杨盛良,白书欣,等.二维正方点阵液态声子晶体的带隙计算.国防科技大学学报,2003,25(1):103~106
[41] Montero F R, Espinosa E, Jiménez, et al. Ultrasonic band gap in a periodic two-dimensional composite. Phys.Rev.Lett.,1998,80(6):1208~1211
[42] García-Pablos D, Sigalas M, Montero F R, et al. Theory and Experiments on Elastic Band Gaps.Phys.Rev.Lett.,2000,84(19):4349~4352
[43] Yongjun Cao, Zhilin Hou, Youyan Liu. Finite difference time domain method for band-structure calculations of two-dimensional phononic crystals.Solid State Communications,2004,132(8):539~543
[44] Torres M, Montero F R, Espinosa D. Sonic band gaps in finite elastic media: surface states and localization phenomena in linear and point defects. Phys. Rev. Lett.,1999,82(15):3054~3057
[45] Emile,Hoskinson, Zhen Ye.Phase transition in acoustic propagation in 2D random liquid media. Phys.Rev.Lett.,1999,83(14):2734~2737
[46] Kushwaha M S. Stop bands for cubic arrays of spherical balloons. Acoust. Soc. Am.,1997,101(1):619~622
[47] Sigalas M M. Defect states of acoustic waves in a two-dimensional lattice of solid cylinders.J.Appl.Phys.,1998,85(6):3026~3029
[48] Kushwaha M S, Halev P, Martinez G, et al. Theory of acoustic band structure of periodic elastic composites .Phys.Rev.B,1994,49(4):2313~2322
[49] Zhengyou Liu, Xixing Zhang, Yiwei Mao, et al. Locally resonant sonic materialsScience, 2000, 289: 1734~1736
[50] Shu Zhang, Jianchun Cheng. Existence of broad acoustic bandgaps in three-component composite, Phys. Rev. B, 2003, 68(24): 245101-1~245101-6
[51] Xin Zhang, Youyan Liu, Fugen Wu,et al, Large two-dimensional band gaps in three-component phononic crystals. Phvs. Lett. A. 2003, 317: 144~149
[52] 温激鸿,郁殿龙,王刚,等.周期结构细直梁弯曲振动中的振动带隙.机械工程学报,2005,41(4):1~6
[53] Nikifor Rakov,Arshad Mahmood,Mufei Xiao.Deposition and substrate tunable photonic Bandgap in optical responses of hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide thin films.Modern Physics Letters B,2003,17(9):387~392
[54] Zhengyou Liu, C. T. Chan, Ping Sheng. Three-component elastic wave band-gap material. Phys. Rev. B. 2002, 65(16): 165116-1
[55] 张舒,程建春.二维三元周期复合结构的声带隙特性.自然科学进展,2003,13(10):1095~1098
[56] 黄昆,韩汝琦.固体物理学.北京:高等教育出版社,1988,153~157
[57] 华佳,张舒,程建春.三元周期结构声禁带形成机理.物理学报,2005, 54(3):1261~1266
[58] 郁殿龙,刘耀宗,邱静.表面局域态对一维声子晶体中水平剪切波传输特性的影响.人工晶体学报,2005,34(3):425~431
[59] Chunyin Qiu,Zhengyou Liu,Jun Mei,et al.The layer multiple-scattering method for calculating transmission coefficients of 2D phononic crystals.Solid State Communications,2005,134(11):765~770
[60] Sanchis L, et al.Reflectance properties of two-dimensional sonic band-gap crystals.J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,2001,(109):2598~2605
[61] Sigalas M M.Theoretical study of three dimensional elastic band gaps with the finite-difference time-domain method.J.Appl.Phys.,2000,87(6):3122~3125
[62] 王刚,温激鸿,韩小云,等.二维声子晶体带隙计算中的时域有限差分方法.物理学报,2003,52(8):1943~1947
[63] 张荣英.二维声子晶体带隙结构的实验研究:[硕士学位论文].华北电力大学.2005
[64] 杜功焕,朱哲民,龚秀芬,等.声学基础.南京:南京大学出版社,2001,186~194
[2] 牛涛.推广应用锅炉四管泄漏的在线监测技术.华北电力技术,1998,(9):4~6,28
[3] 牛涛.声谱分析法监测炉管泄漏.中国电力,1997,30(6):68
[4] R.W. Smock. EPRI Declares War on Power Plant Boiler Tube Failures. Power Engineering.1990,(1):10
[5] 姜根山.锅炉管道泄漏声行为特性研究:[博士学位论文].保定:华北电力大学能源与动力工程学院,2006
[6] 王莹,殷刚,徐怀胜.电站锅炉爆管诊断的计算机应用.节能技术,1998,(4):22~23
[7] 王顺,潘效军.电站锅炉“四管”泄漏故障诊断专家系统.沈阳电力高等专科学校学报,1997,6(3):18~22
[8] 廖宏楷,杨华,马斌,等.锅炉“四管”爆漏专家系统.热力发电,1998,(6):51~54
[9] 廖宏楷,马斌,窦洪.锅炉四管爆漏专家系统的不确定知识处理.广东电力,1998,11(2):8~10
[10] 杨兵,张小飞,丁辉,等.基于知识库的锅炉“四管”爆漏预报专家系统.动力工程,2004,24(1):18~22
[11] 胡琛,声波除灰技术的研究:[硕士学位论文] .北京:华北电力大学能源与动力工程学院,2000
[12] 王国春,王清照.应用声波在炉膛中清灰除渣的技术研究:[硕士学位论文].华北电力大学(北京)热能工程系,1997
[13] 姜根山,田静,李晓东.锅炉管束声散射的理论分析.声学学报,2000,25(2):155~160
[14] Driscoll R J.Mixing Enhancement in Chemical Lasers, Part Ⅰ: Experiments [J].AIAAJ.,1986,24(7):1120~1126
[15] Kushwaha M. S, Halevi P. Ultra wide band filter for noise Control. Jpn. J.Appl. Phys.,1997,36(9):1043~1044
[16] Kushwaha M S. Stop-bands for periodic metallic rods: Sculptures that can filter the noise.Appl.Phys.Lett.,1997,70(24):3218~3220
[17] 王刚,赵宏刚,温激鸿,等.二维周期钢管阵列带隙特性计算中的时域有限差分算法.国防科技大学学报,2004,26(4):72~76
[18] 赵宏刚,韩小云,温激鸿,等.空气中周期管阵列的声波禁带研究.材料科学与工程学报,2004,22(1):68~70
[19] 赵宏刚,刘耀宗,韩小云,等.空气中正方形排列的大声阻抗柱体阵列的声波禁带.国防科技大学学报,2004,26(4):77~80
[20] 姜根山,安连锁,吕亚东,等.炉内单排换热器管阵列声传输特性数值研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(12):151~157
[21] 姜根山,安连锁,田静.炉内双排换热器管阵列声传输特性数值研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(17):106~111
[22] 张荣英,姜根山,屈国强,等.空气中钢管阵列声波禁带的实验研究.声学技术,2007,26(2):238~242
[23] Sigalas M M, Economou E N. Elastic and acoustic wave band structure. Journal of Sound and Vibration.1992,2(382) :158377
[24] Kushwaha M S,Halevi P,Dobrzynski L,Djafarirouhani B. Acoustic Band-structure of periodic elastic composites. Phys, Rev. lett. 1993, 71(13) :2022~2025
[25] 钱斯文,杨盛良,赵恂,等.新型光学/声学带隙材料研究进展.材料科学与工程学报,2004,22(3):436~441
[26] 齐共金.二维声子晶体的带隙研究:[硕士学位论文].长沙:国防科学技术大学材料与化学系,2002
[27] 颜琳,赵鹤平,王小云,等.三维声子晶体带隙与散射体取向的关系.吉首大学学报,2006,27(2):61~63
[28] 吴福根,刘正猷,刘有延.二维周期性复合介质中弹性波的能带结构.声学学报,2001,26(4):319~323
[29] 温激鸿,刘耀宗,郁殿龙,等.基于散射单元的声子晶体振动带隙研究.人工晶体学报,2004,33(3):358~362
[30] 吴福根,刘有延.二维周期性复合介质中的声波带隙结构及其缺陷态.物理学报,2002,51(7):1434~1438
[31] Mulholland L S, Maaria A, Heckl.Multi-directional sound wave propagation through a tube bundle.Journal of Sound and Vibration,1994,176(3):377~398
[32] Martinez-Sala R M,Sancho J,Sanchez J V,et al.Sound attenuation by sculpture . Nature ,1995,378(16):241
[33] Sanchez-perez J V, Caballero D, Martinz-Sala R, et al.Sound attenuation by a two-dimensional array of rigid cylinders.Phys.Rev.Lett.,1998,80(24):5325~5328
[34] F.Cervera, L.Sanchis, J.V.Sanchez-Perez,et al.Refractive acoustic devices for airborne sound.Phys.Rev.Lett.,2002,88(2):023902
[35] Wu F G, Hou Z L,Liu Z Y. Point defect states in two-dimensional phononic crystals . Phys.Lett. A,2001,292:198~202
[36] Wu F G, Liu Z Y,Liu Y Y. Stop gaps single defect states of acoustic waves in two dimensional lattice of liquid cylinders. Chinese Physics Letters, 2001, 18 (16): 785~787
[37] Wu F G, Liu Z Y, Liu Y Y. Acoustic band gaps in 2D liquid phononic crystals of rectangular structure. Phys. D:Appl.Phys.,2002,35(2):162~165
[38] 齐共金,杨盛良,白书欣,等.基于平面波算法的二维声子晶体带结构的研究.物理学报,2003,52(3),668~671
[39] Wu F G, Liu Z Y,Liu Y Y. Splitting and tuning characteristics of the point defect modes in two-dimensional phononic crystals. Physics Review E, 2004,69 (6): 066609-1~066609-4
[40] 齐共金,杨盛良,白书欣,等.二维正方点阵液态声子晶体的带隙计算.国防科技大学学报,2003,25(1):103~106
[41] Montero F R, Espinosa E, Jiménez, et al. Ultrasonic band gap in a periodic two-dimensional composite. Phys.Rev.Lett.,1998,80(6):1208~1211
[42] García-Pablos D, Sigalas M, Montero F R, et al. Theory and Experiments on Elastic Band Gaps.Phys.Rev.Lett.,2000,84(19):4349~4352
[43] Yongjun Cao, Zhilin Hou, Youyan Liu. Finite difference time domain method for band-structure calculations of two-dimensional phononic crystals.Solid State Communications,2004,132(8):539~543
[44] Torres M, Montero F R, Espinosa D. Sonic band gaps in finite elastic media: surface states and localization phenomena in linear and point defects. Phys. Rev. Lett.,1999,82(15):3054~3057
[45] Emile,Hoskinson, Zhen Ye.Phase transition in acoustic propagation in 2D random liquid media. Phys.Rev.Lett.,1999,83(14):2734~2737
[46] Kushwaha M S. Stop bands for cubic arrays of spherical balloons. Acoust. Soc. Am.,1997,101(1):619~622
[47] Sigalas M M. Defect states of acoustic waves in a two-dimensional lattice of solid cylinders.J.Appl.Phys.,1998,85(6):3026~3029
[48] Kushwaha M S, Halev P, Martinez G, et al. Theory of acoustic band structure of periodic elastic composites .Phys.Rev.B,1994,49(4):2313~2322
[49] Zhengyou Liu, Xixing Zhang, Yiwei Mao, et al. Locally resonant sonic materialsScience, 2000, 289: 1734~1736
[50] Shu Zhang, Jianchun Cheng. Existence of broad acoustic bandgaps in three-component composite, Phys. Rev. B, 2003, 68(24): 245101-1~245101-6
[51] Xin Zhang, Youyan Liu, Fugen Wu,et al, Large two-dimensional band gaps in three-component phononic crystals. Phvs. Lett. A. 2003, 317: 144~149
[52] 温激鸿,郁殿龙,王刚,等.周期结构细直梁弯曲振动中的振动带隙.机械工程学报,2005,41(4):1~6
[53] Nikifor Rakov,Arshad Mahmood,Mufei Xiao.Deposition and substrate tunable photonic Bandgap in optical responses of hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide thin films.Modern Physics Letters B,2003,17(9):387~392
[54] Zhengyou Liu, C. T. Chan, Ping Sheng. Three-component elastic wave band-gap material. Phys. Rev. B. 2002, 65(16): 165116-1
[55] 张舒,程建春.二维三元周期复合结构的声带隙特性.自然科学进展,2003,13(10):1095~1098
[56] 黄昆,韩汝琦.固体物理学.北京:高等教育出版社,1988,153~157
[57] 华佳,张舒,程建春.三元周期结构声禁带形成机理.物理学报,2005, 54(3):1261~1266
[58] 郁殿龙,刘耀宗,邱静.表面局域态对一维声子晶体中水平剪切波传输特性的影响.人工晶体学报,2005,34(3):425~431
[59] Chunyin Qiu,Zhengyou Liu,Jun Mei,et al.The layer multiple-scattering method for calculating transmission coefficients of 2D phononic crystals.Solid State Communications,2005,134(11):765~770
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