稠油水淹层测井数据处理及解释方法研究
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摘要
稠油质量大、粘度高、油层非均质性复杂等特点决定了稠油的开采较稀油难度更大,开采成本也更高。和稀油进行水驱开采不同,稠油由于井间连通性很差,目前成熟的开采方式是蒸汽吞吐和蒸汽驱,开采成本也更高。早期开发的老井水淹现象较为严重,油层水淹后,其岩性和物性也发生一系列变化,测井响应呈现多样化。因此,弄清稠油油藏的水淹特征和规律,地下油水的分布特点,找出具有开采价值的剩余油富集区域,对调整井的部署,井下射孔都有指导作用,对油田的稳产增产具有重要的意义。
本文的研究工作是在广泛收集、借鉴和吸收国内外水淹层测井解释技术的基础上,针对稠油油藏的特殊性和储层水淹后各参数变化特征,’以克拉玛依稠油油藏为研究对象,充分挖掘密闭取心井资料,建立了一套基于数理统计方法的稠油水淹层定量评价模型,展开对稠油油藏水淹测井评价方法的探索性研究。论文主要分为三个部分：第一部分主要介绍了稠油测井系列中常规测井方法的测井原理,主要电路分析以及数据处理。第二部分从测井学的基本理论出发,结合油田动态生产资料,系统研究了稠油储层在水淹后岩性参数、物性参数、流体参数等变化特征,并结合稠油油藏与稀油的区别,对克拉玛依油田某区的水淹情况进行分析,研究水淹前后测井曲线的变化特点,包括自然电位、电阻率、自然伽马等测井响应特征,为建立适合稠油油藏的水淹评价体系提供理论依据。第三部分通过对岩心分析资料的研究,建立了适合稠油的孔、渗、饱等参数解释模型,并用fortran语言编制了一套水淹层处理程序,利用相渗资料建立了适合研究区域的水淹级别判定标准,根据生产动态资料和试油结果对建立的模型进行了相应的验证,效果较好。因此,本文的研究成果不仅具有很强的理论意义,而且具有重要的实用价值。
Since the characteristics of heavy oil are great quality, high viscosity and complex reservoir heterogeneity, the exploitation of it is more difficult than that of thin oil, and the exploitation cost is also more. The current mature exploitation methods of heavy oil are steam throughput and steam stimulation, which cost more money because of the poor connectivity among wells. All of that is different from light oil which is exploited by water flooding. Because the flooding condition of early developed old wells is serious, and its lithology and physical property change a lot after reservoir flooding, log response diversifies. Therefore, the clear characteristics of reservoir flooding of heavy oil, the distribution of underground water, and the searching of residual oil area which is of exploitation value play guiding roles in the deployment of the adjustment well and down hole perforating. Also it has significance for the stable output of oil fields.
This research work bases on wide collection and referencing the log interpretation techniques for heavy oil reservoirs of our country and abroad. For the particularity of heavy oil and variation of each parameter after flooding, treating Karamay as the object of study, we fully tap the sealed coring data, establish a series of quantitative evaluation models of heavy flooding layer based on mathematical statistics and expand the exploratory study of heavy oil reservoir flooding and logging evaluation. The thesis is divided into three parts:The first part mainly introduces the logging principle of conventional logging methods in heavy oil logging series, the main circuit analysis and data processing; The second part starts from the basic logging theory, combining with the dynamic means of production of the oil field, and systematically studies heavy oil reservoir's lithology parameters, physical parameters, and fluid parameters variations after the flooding. Besides, it analyses flooding situation in an area of Karamay and the changes of the logging curve before and after the flooding including natural potential, resistivity, GR and other logging response characteristics, combining with the differences between the heavy oil reservoirs and the thin oil. It provides a theoretical basis for establishing a appropriate heavy oil reservoir flooding evaluation system. The third part sets up a interpretation model with porosity, permeability, saturation and other parameters which are fit for heavy oil according to the study of the core analysis data, and compiles a set of flooded layer processing with fortran language, and takes advantages of relative permeability data to establish the standard of flood level which is fit for study area. At last, it proves great after the appropriate verification according to oil production data and oil testing results.Therefore, the results of this research not only are of strong theoretical significance, but also have important practical value.
本文的研究工作是在广泛收集、借鉴和吸收国内外水淹层测井解释技术的基础上,针对稠油油藏的特殊性和储层水淹后各参数变化特征,’以克拉玛依稠油油藏为研究对象,充分挖掘密闭取心井资料,建立了一套基于数理统计方法的稠油水淹层定量评价模型,展开对稠油油藏水淹测井评价方法的探索性研究。论文主要分为三个部分：第一部分主要介绍了稠油测井系列中常规测井方法的测井原理,主要电路分析以及数据处理。第二部分从测井学的基本理论出发,结合油田动态生产资料,系统研究了稠油储层在水淹后岩性参数、物性参数、流体参数等变化特征,并结合稠油油藏与稀油的区别,对克拉玛依油田某区的水淹情况进行分析,研究水淹前后测井曲线的变化特点,包括自然电位、电阻率、自然伽马等测井响应特征,为建立适合稠油油藏的水淹评价体系提供理论依据。第三部分通过对岩心分析资料的研究,建立了适合稠油的孔、渗、饱等参数解释模型,并用fortran语言编制了一套水淹层处理程序,利用相渗资料建立了适合研究区域的水淹级别判定标准,根据生产动态资料和试油结果对建立的模型进行了相应的验证,效果较好。因此,本文的研究成果不仅具有很强的理论意义,而且具有重要的实用价值。
Since the characteristics of heavy oil are great quality, high viscosity and complex reservoir heterogeneity, the exploitation of it is more difficult than that of thin oil, and the exploitation cost is also more. The current mature exploitation methods of heavy oil are steam throughput and steam stimulation, which cost more money because of the poor connectivity among wells. All of that is different from light oil which is exploited by water flooding. Because the flooding condition of early developed old wells is serious, and its lithology and physical property change a lot after reservoir flooding, log response diversifies. Therefore, the clear characteristics of reservoir flooding of heavy oil, the distribution of underground water, and the searching of residual oil area which is of exploitation value play guiding roles in the deployment of the adjustment well and down hole perforating. Also it has significance for the stable output of oil fields.
This research work bases on wide collection and referencing the log interpretation techniques for heavy oil reservoirs of our country and abroad. For the particularity of heavy oil and variation of each parameter after flooding, treating Karamay as the object of study, we fully tap the sealed coring data, establish a series of quantitative evaluation models of heavy flooding layer based on mathematical statistics and expand the exploratory study of heavy oil reservoir flooding and logging evaluation. The thesis is divided into three parts:The first part mainly introduces the logging principle of conventional logging methods in heavy oil logging series, the main circuit analysis and data processing; The second part starts from the basic logging theory, combining with the dynamic means of production of the oil field, and systematically studies heavy oil reservoir's lithology parameters, physical parameters, and fluid parameters variations after the flooding. Besides, it analyses flooding situation in an area of Karamay and the changes of the logging curve before and after the flooding including natural potential, resistivity, GR and other logging response characteristics, combining with the differences between the heavy oil reservoirs and the thin oil. It provides a theoretical basis for establishing a appropriate heavy oil reservoir flooding evaluation system. The third part sets up a interpretation model with porosity, permeability, saturation and other parameters which are fit for heavy oil according to the study of the core analysis data, and compiles a set of flooded layer processing with fortran language, and takes advantages of relative permeability data to establish the standard of flood level which is fit for study area. At last, it proves great after the appropriate verification according to oil production data and oil testing results.Therefore, the results of this research not only are of strong theoretical significance, but also have important practical value.
引文
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[3]李安琪.水淹层测井解释及剩余油分布研究 西南石油大学学位论文 2004.5
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[14]俞佐平,陆焊.传热学[M].北京：高等教育出版社,1995
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[17]单学军,张士诚等.稠油开采中井筒温度影响因素分析石油大学(北京)
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