多波束条带测深系统数据后置处理技术研究
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摘要
多波束条带测深系统是一种具有高效率、高精度、高分辨率的海底地形测量先进设备。经哈尔滨工程大学水声研究所几年的精心开发研制，终于推出了国内首台多波束条带测深仪。本文是以此为基础，对有关技术进行了深入的研究。
多波束测深系统急需解决的问题是设备的小型化。作者针对此问题，提出了小型化的设计方案并解决了设计中的关键技术；同时对多波束测深设备的数据后置处理系统做了深入的研究，并系统地论述了测深数据误差分析及判别、数据平滑处理、声线修正技术、潮汐改正技术、坐标变换、数字海图的生成以及图像增强等方面的理论。
国产第一套多波束条带测深系统的推出，标志着我国海洋测深技术已进入多波束测深时代，但该系统还存在着体积较大，安装携带困难的问题。因此，作者对多波束条带测深系统小型化的优化方案和应用中的关键技术在论文中进行了论述。
多波束条带测深系统是一个汇集了多种高新技术的系统，它需要实时积累各种相关的数据资料。在采集数据时，会存在各种误差和环境干扰，因此选用合理的方法消除误差、优化处理，得到准确的测量结果，是多波束测量系统后置处理的核心任务。本文着重对测深数据进行误差分析，提出相应的判别准则；并对多种数据平滑处理的方法加以比较，最终编制出了适合多波束测深系统的平滑处理方法；此外对声线修正、潮汐修正和坐标变换进行了深入探讨，这些技术已在实践中得到验证和应用。
将经过处理后得到的海底地形采样点数据，形成符合海道测量规范的水深透写图、等深线图以及具有真实感的三维立体地形图的过程就是数字海图的生成。本文详细阐述了数字海图成图的基本原理和基本方法，并解决了水深透写图、等深线图生成过程中用到的关键技术问题。重点分析了海底三维地形图的光照模型和颜色模型及其技术实现，使三维地形图更加直观逼真地
Multi-beam Swath Bathymeter is a kind of newly developed advanced seafloor surveying equipment with high efficiency, high accuracy and fine terrain resolution. The first set of Multi-beam Swath Bathymeter in China had been produced because of years of hard working by acoustical academe of Harbin Engineering University. Based on the system, this dissertation studied some techniques related to multi-beam surveying.
Volume miniaturization of Multi-beam Swath Bathymeter is the main point in Multi-beam Swath surveying, so the author proposed the design project and solve the key problems for miniaturization. Meanwhile, post-processing techniques for multi-beam surveying system were studied more deeply. The analyzing for data error, data smoothness process, sound velocity profile correcting technique, tide correcting technique, coordinates transforming, digital chart making methods and image enhancement were discussed in detail.
The achievement of Chinese first Multi-beam Swath Bathymeter indicates that Chinese ocean surveying technique has entered into Multi-beam times, but the volume of the equipment is large, and installation is difficult. The author discussed the optimize solution and crucial techniques for the volume miniaturization of Multi-beam Swath Bathymeter.
Multi-beam Swath Bathymeter which is a complex system with various kinds of high techniques needs to gather correlative data information. While the data are collecting, there are many kinds of errors and environment interferes. Choosing suitable methods in order to eliminate errors, optimize data and get an exact measuring result is the main task in Multi-beam Swath Bathymeter post-processing. The author analysis the data error and proposes distinguishing
多波束测深系统急需解决的问题是设备的小型化。作者针对此问题，提出了小型化的设计方案并解决了设计中的关键技术；同时对多波束测深设备的数据后置处理系统做了深入的研究，并系统地论述了测深数据误差分析及判别、数据平滑处理、声线修正技术、潮汐改正技术、坐标变换、数字海图的生成以及图像增强等方面的理论。
国产第一套多波束条带测深系统的推出，标志着我国海洋测深技术已进入多波束测深时代，但该系统还存在着体积较大，安装携带困难的问题。因此，作者对多波束条带测深系统小型化的优化方案和应用中的关键技术在论文中进行了论述。
多波束条带测深系统是一个汇集了多种高新技术的系统，它需要实时积累各种相关的数据资料。在采集数据时，会存在各种误差和环境干扰，因此选用合理的方法消除误差、优化处理，得到准确的测量结果，是多波束测量系统后置处理的核心任务。本文着重对测深数据进行误差分析，提出相应的判别准则；并对多种数据平滑处理的方法加以比较，最终编制出了适合多波束测深系统的平滑处理方法；此外对声线修正、潮汐修正和坐标变换进行了深入探讨，这些技术已在实践中得到验证和应用。
将经过处理后得到的海底地形采样点数据，形成符合海道测量规范的水深透写图、等深线图以及具有真实感的三维立体地形图的过程就是数字海图的生成。本文详细阐述了数字海图成图的基本原理和基本方法，并解决了水深透写图、等深线图生成过程中用到的关键技术问题。重点分析了海底三维地形图的光照模型和颜色模型及其技术实现，使三维地形图更加直观逼真地
Multi-beam Swath Bathymeter is a kind of newly developed advanced seafloor surveying equipment with high efficiency, high accuracy and fine terrain resolution. The first set of Multi-beam Swath Bathymeter in China had been produced because of years of hard working by acoustical academe of Harbin Engineering University. Based on the system, this dissertation studied some techniques related to multi-beam surveying.
Volume miniaturization of Multi-beam Swath Bathymeter is the main point in Multi-beam Swath surveying, so the author proposed the design project and solve the key problems for miniaturization. Meanwhile, post-processing techniques for multi-beam surveying system were studied more deeply. The analyzing for data error, data smoothness process, sound velocity profile correcting technique, tide correcting technique, coordinates transforming, digital chart making methods and image enhancement were discussed in detail.
The achievement of Chinese first Multi-beam Swath Bathymeter indicates that Chinese ocean surveying technique has entered into Multi-beam times, but the volume of the equipment is large, and installation is difficult. The author discussed the optimize solution and crucial techniques for the volume miniaturization of Multi-beam Swath Bathymeter.
Multi-beam Swath Bathymeter which is a complex system with various kinds of high techniques needs to gather correlative data information. While the data are collecting, there are many kinds of errors and environment interferes. Choosing suitable methods in order to eliminate errors, optimize data and get an exact measuring result is the main task in Multi-beam Swath Bathymeter post-processing. The author analysis the data error and proposes distinguishing
引文
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