HBP-HTC的制备及其对真丝（绸）的改性研究
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摘要
超支化合物由于其新奇的结构和独特的性能成为目前高分子科学中的研究热点。本课题基于对真丝(绸)的功能性改性和探索超支化合物在纺织上的应用为目的,利用缩水甘油三甲基氯化铵(EPTAC)对端氨基超支化合物(HBP-NH2)进行端基改性,成功制备了端氨基超支化合物季铵盐(HBP-HTC),并利用HBP-HTC对真丝绸进行阳离子改性处理,以改善真丝绸的染色性能,并赋予真丝绸优异的抗菌性能。
EPTAC和HBP-NH2在室温下即可迅速反应,通过调节质量比可有效地控制季铵盐基团的接枝量。HBP-HTC分子量分布较宽,具有较好的热稳定性,其溶液呈碱性,具有一定的紫外吸收特性和优异的抗菌性能。
HBP-HTC改性真丝(绸)的较优工艺为:HBP-HTC浓度5g/L,温度100℃,在其自身溶液pH值下处理3min。改性处理对真丝(绸)结构和力学性能基本无影响。利用HBP-HTC对真丝绸进行改性处理可以在无盐促染下有效提高活性染料的上染能力,并实现了酸性染料的中性低温染色,且对染色的色牢度和匀染性均无影响。
HBP-HTC改性处理赋予了真丝绸优异的抗菌性能,且具有良好的耐洗涤性。HBP-HTC改性处理能够有效提高真丝绸的紫外线防护性能。经HBP-HTC处理后的改性真丝绸吸湿性、吸水性提高,且改性处理对真丝绸的白度无影响。
Hyperbranched polymers have received much attention due to their unique chemical and physical properties. The purpose of present research is to modify B. mori silk and explore the application of hyperbranched polymers in textile. So 2, 3-epoxypropyl trimethylammonium chloride (EPTAC) was applied to the modification of terminated groups of amino-terminated hyperbranched polymer (HBP-NH2) and 2-Hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride amino-terminated hyperbranched polymer (HBP-HTC) was synthesized successfully. The HBP-HTC was applied to the modification of B. mori silk to enhance the dyeability of silk fabric and endow the silk fabric with excellent antibacterial property.
HBP-NH2 reacted with EPTAC in ambient temperature rapidly, and series of HBP-HTC which has different amount of quaternary ammonium salt groups was synthesized by controlled the ratio of EPTAC and HBP-NH2. HBP-HTC has a wide molecular weight distribution and good thermal stability. The aqueous solution of HBP-HTC presents alkaline, and has UV absorption characteristic and excellent antibacterial property.
The optimum technology of modification was showed as follows: B.mori silk fabric was treated with 5g/L HBP-HTC aqueous solution at 100°C for 3 min without adjusting the pH value. The modified silk fabric has the higher dye uptake of reactive dyes in absence of the electrolytes and can be dyed in neutral dyebath at low temperature with acid dyes. They had similar level-dyeing property and fastness compared to the conventional dyeings.
The HBP-HTC modified silk fabric has excellent antibacterial property and durability. Modification with HBP-HTC can also enhance its UV protective property, hygroscopicity and water absorbility. Meanwhile, the modification has no influence on the strength and whiteness of silk fabric.
EPTAC和HBP-NH2在室温下即可迅速反应,通过调节质量比可有效地控制季铵盐基团的接枝量。HBP-HTC分子量分布较宽,具有较好的热稳定性,其溶液呈碱性,具有一定的紫外吸收特性和优异的抗菌性能。
HBP-HTC改性真丝(绸)的较优工艺为:HBP-HTC浓度5g/L,温度100℃,在其自身溶液pH值下处理3min。改性处理对真丝(绸)结构和力学性能基本无影响。利用HBP-HTC对真丝绸进行改性处理可以在无盐促染下有效提高活性染料的上染能力,并实现了酸性染料的中性低温染色,且对染色的色牢度和匀染性均无影响。
HBP-HTC改性处理赋予了真丝绸优异的抗菌性能,且具有良好的耐洗涤性。HBP-HTC改性处理能够有效提高真丝绸的紫外线防护性能。经HBP-HTC处理后的改性真丝绸吸湿性、吸水性提高,且改性处理对真丝绸的白度无影响。
Hyperbranched polymers have received much attention due to their unique chemical and physical properties. The purpose of present research is to modify B. mori silk and explore the application of hyperbranched polymers in textile. So 2, 3-epoxypropyl trimethylammonium chloride (EPTAC) was applied to the modification of terminated groups of amino-terminated hyperbranched polymer (HBP-NH2) and 2-Hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride amino-terminated hyperbranched polymer (HBP-HTC) was synthesized successfully. The HBP-HTC was applied to the modification of B. mori silk to enhance the dyeability of silk fabric and endow the silk fabric with excellent antibacterial property.
HBP-NH2 reacted with EPTAC in ambient temperature rapidly, and series of HBP-HTC which has different amount of quaternary ammonium salt groups was synthesized by controlled the ratio of EPTAC and HBP-NH2. HBP-HTC has a wide molecular weight distribution and good thermal stability. The aqueous solution of HBP-HTC presents alkaline, and has UV absorption characteristic and excellent antibacterial property.
The optimum technology of modification was showed as follows: B.mori silk fabric was treated with 5g/L HBP-HTC aqueous solution at 100°C for 3 min without adjusting the pH value. The modified silk fabric has the higher dye uptake of reactive dyes in absence of the electrolytes and can be dyed in neutral dyebath at low temperature with acid dyes. They had similar level-dyeing property and fastness compared to the conventional dyeings.
The HBP-HTC modified silk fabric has excellent antibacterial property and durability. Modification with HBP-HTC can also enhance its UV protective property, hygroscopicity and water absorbility. Meanwhile, the modification has no influence on the strength and whiteness of silk fabric.
引文
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