高性能单组份外墙腻子的配制与性能研究
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摘要
外墙腻子作为外墙涂料涂饰不可或缺的配套材料,长期以来,腻子仅仅被当作基层找平和填补的配套材料,腻子开发往往只注重其施涂性和找平性,而忽略了其柔韧性、保水性、耐水性、抗裂性等性能指标对涂装效果和长期耐久性的重要影响。因此,开发柔性较高、抗开裂性优异、耐水性较强、易于施工、性价比较高的外墙腻子势在必行。
本文以水泥为主要粘结基料,选用石英砂、重钙、滑石粉等为填料配制外墙粉体腻子,通过掺入可再分散乳胶粉、纤维素醚、木质纤维等功能助剂,研究其综合性能,最终研制出一种施工性好、开裂性优良、粘结强度高的高性能环保型粉体腻子。
首先,对基料和填料之间的配比进行初步研究,分析组成原料对腻子抗裂性能的影响,通过正交试验的结果分析,确定最优配合比。
其次,通过掺入可再分散乳胶粉、纤维素醚、木质纤维对腻子的粘结强度、抗开裂性及吸水量、保水性、耐水性、耐碱性等性能进行综合分析研究,确定高性能建筑外墙粉体腻子的最终配方。综合性能测试分析表明,本文研制的粉体腻子施工性好,粘结强度高,尤其是冻融循环后粘接强度提高较大,抗开裂性优异。
最后,借助电子扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱分析(EDXA)等现代化检测仪器,观察了腻子层的微观结构和元素变化,分析了可再分散乳胶粉、纤维素醚、木质纤维等功能助剂对腻子的抗裂性、粘结性等的改善机理,探讨了腻子宏观性能改善的结构原因。
Outer wall putty, which is looking upon as an indispensable supporting material of outer wall coating, a long period of time, only be used as supplementary material of grass-roots leveling and filling, putty often focus only on its development of workability and leveling, and neglect its flexibility, water-holding capacity, water-resistance, anti-cracking and so on which has material effect on the coating durability and long-term significant. So, research and development outer wall putty which has high flexibility, excellent anti-cracking, stronger water resistance, easily construction and high cost performance is imperativing.
The article with cement as the main bonding materials, select quartz sand, calcium carbonate and pulvis talci as stuffing confect outer wall putty, by the instruction of auxiliary agent, such as redispersible emulsion powder, HPMC, cellulose fiber and so on, research its combination property, finally developed a kind of high performance environment-friendly putty which has high construction, excellent anti-cracking, high bond strength.
First, study the mixture ratio of bonding materials and auxiliary agent, analysis the influence of raw materials filler putty performance, by the result analysis of orthogonal experimental design, determine the optimal mix.
Secondly, by the instruction of redispersible emulsion powder, HPMC, cellulose fiber, analysis approach its combination property, such as bonding strength, anti-cracki- ng and water quantity, water-holding capacity, water resistance, alkali resistance, defini- ted the final formulation of high performance outer wall putty. Combinbination property test analysis showed that the putty of the article developed have high construction, high bond strength, especially the bond strength which under freeze-thaw cycles, excellent anti-cracking.
Finally, by dint of SEM and EDXA and other modern detection equipment, observe the microstructure and element change of putty, analysis auxiliary agent, such as redisp- ersible emulsion powder, HPMC, cellulose fiber filler anti-cracking, bond strength and other mechanisms of putty, discuss the structure performance which has led to macroec- conomic performance improvement of putty.
本文以水泥为主要粘结基料,选用石英砂、重钙、滑石粉等为填料配制外墙粉体腻子,通过掺入可再分散乳胶粉、纤维素醚、木质纤维等功能助剂,研究其综合性能,最终研制出一种施工性好、开裂性优良、粘结强度高的高性能环保型粉体腻子。
首先,对基料和填料之间的配比进行初步研究,分析组成原料对腻子抗裂性能的影响,通过正交试验的结果分析,确定最优配合比。
其次,通过掺入可再分散乳胶粉、纤维素醚、木质纤维对腻子的粘结强度、抗开裂性及吸水量、保水性、耐水性、耐碱性等性能进行综合分析研究,确定高性能建筑外墙粉体腻子的最终配方。综合性能测试分析表明,本文研制的粉体腻子施工性好,粘结强度高,尤其是冻融循环后粘接强度提高较大,抗开裂性优异。
最后,借助电子扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱分析(EDXA)等现代化检测仪器,观察了腻子层的微观结构和元素变化,分析了可再分散乳胶粉、纤维素醚、木质纤维等功能助剂对腻子的抗裂性、粘结性等的改善机理,探讨了腻子宏观性能改善的结构原因。
Outer wall putty, which is looking upon as an indispensable supporting material of outer wall coating, a long period of time, only be used as supplementary material of grass-roots leveling and filling, putty often focus only on its development of workability and leveling, and neglect its flexibility, water-holding capacity, water-resistance, anti-cracking and so on which has material effect on the coating durability and long-term significant. So, research and development outer wall putty which has high flexibility, excellent anti-cracking, stronger water resistance, easily construction and high cost performance is imperativing.
The article with cement as the main bonding materials, select quartz sand, calcium carbonate and pulvis talci as stuffing confect outer wall putty, by the instruction of auxiliary agent, such as redispersible emulsion powder, HPMC, cellulose fiber and so on, research its combination property, finally developed a kind of high performance environment-friendly putty which has high construction, excellent anti-cracking, high bond strength.
First, study the mixture ratio of bonding materials and auxiliary agent, analysis the influence of raw materials filler putty performance, by the result analysis of orthogonal experimental design, determine the optimal mix.
Secondly, by the instruction of redispersible emulsion powder, HPMC, cellulose fiber, analysis approach its combination property, such as bonding strength, anti-cracki- ng and water quantity, water-holding capacity, water resistance, alkali resistance, defini- ted the final formulation of high performance outer wall putty. Combinbination property test analysis showed that the putty of the article developed have high construction, high bond strength, especially the bond strength which under freeze-thaw cycles, excellent anti-cracking.
Finally, by dint of SEM and EDXA and other modern detection equipment, observe the microstructure and element change of putty, analysis auxiliary agent, such as redisp- ersible emulsion powder, HPMC, cellulose fiber filler anti-cracking, bond strength and other mechanisms of putty, discuss the structure performance which has led to macroec- conomic performance improvement of putty.
引文
[1]莫荣寿.三种腻子配制法[J].中国建材, 2000,6-33.
[2]石玉梅.建筑涂料与墙体腻子[J].中国涂料, 1998,5-(21-22).
[3]郑波.新型高性能单组分建筑外墙腻子粉的研究.
[4]胡志伟,王奋伟,刘岳琳.建筑腻子的功能、性能及几种典型涂装问题的处理方法[J].现代涂料与涂装, 2002(6): 10-12.
[5]孔向军.外墙腻子的研制.福建建材,2000(3).
[6]彭家惠,吴莉等.磷石膏基建筑腻子的配制与性能研究[[J] .新型建筑材料,2002 (1).
[7]顾期斌.聚合物改性水泥基外墙腻子研制.化学建材,2006(2).
[8]陈玲芳.建筑内外墙腻子的研制.福建建材,总第73期.
[9]易翔,曹阳等.建筑物外墙用粉体腻子的研制.湖南工程学院学报,2007 (6).
[10]李云飞,张美琴,钱红宇.干混砂浆概述[J].吉林建材,2004(5): 28-30.
[11]叶海云,许小安等.建筑装修新材料简明手册[M] .广东,广东科技出版社,1995.
[12]周昌盛.新型水泥基防水粉在建筑涂料装饰上的应用.涂料工业, 2000,(2):40.
[13]马捷,袁扬,张乐群.纤维增韧技术在建筑腻子中的应用[J].化学建材,2007,23(4):39-43 .
[14]黄其秀.大掺量粉煤灰复合水泥物理性能与混凝土性能[J].材料科学与工程,2002(2).
[15]余学芳.粉煤灰混凝土的抗裂性分析[J].混凝土.2003 ( 2): 61-63.
[16]李瑞爆.粉煤灰混凝土强度与抗渗性的研究[J].煤炭工程,2003 (4):34-36.
[17]方军良.用粉煤灰制取建筑用干粉外墙腻子[J].新型建筑材料,2003(3):I5-17.
[18]徐峰.填料在建筑涂料中的应用及其发展.现代涂料与涂装,2006(8).
[19]董峰亮.水性防水涂料中助剂的作用.化学建材,2002(1):33-35.
[20]科博尔.可再分散乳胶粉与干混砂浆[J].化学建材,1999(1):11-14.
[21] OHAMA Y.Handbook of polymer-Modified Concrete and Mortars[M].USA Noyes Publications,1995.
[22] OHAMA Y. polymer~modified mortars and concretes[M]. Noyes Publications,Park Ridge,NJ,USA,1984:343.
[23] ZIVICA V. The properties of cement paste with admixture of polyvinyl cetate emulsion[J]. Bull RILEM,1986(28):121-128.
[24] SENBURG J.E,VANDERHOFF J.W.Hypothesis for reinforcement of Portland ement by polymer latexes[J].J.Am.Ceram.Soc.1974,57(6):42-45.
[25] JUSTNES H.QYE B A.The microstructure of polymer cement mortars[M].Publication No9,Nordic Concrete Research,Norske Betongforening ronprinsensgate,Oslo,1990:69-80.
[26]张心亚,夏正斌,等.建筑腻子的现状与发展方向[J].化学建材,2001(3):24-26.
[27]徐峰.GN型内墙腻子的配制[J].化学建材,2000(4):26-28.
[28]张心亚,涂伟萍.高性能单组分建筑用腻子粉的研制及应用[J].化学建材,2001(5):16-20.
[29]张发爱.纤维素醚及其应用.化工新型材料.2001(11):21-23.
[30]崔久传.纤维素醚在建材行业中的应用.纤维素醚工业.2003(11):17-19.
[31]杨淑蕙.植物纤维化学[M].中国轻工业出版社.2001.
[32] G.A.斯穆克[加拿大]著.曹邦威译.纸浆造纸工程大全[M].巾国轻工业出版社.2001.
[33] Kraai Paul P. Proposed test to determine the cracking potential due to drying shrinkage of concrete[J].Concrete Construction,1985(9):775-778.
[34]陈燕,岳文海,董若兰.石膏建筑材料[M].:中国建材工业出版社,2003.
[35]岑如军,唐蕾,鲍水红等.建筑粉刷石膏的研制[[J].新型建筑材料,2003(11):36-40.
[36]南京化工学院数学组.正交设计[M].数学统计补充教材.
[37]郭陶明.粉煤灰在建筑材料领域的应用分析.新型建材与施工技术, 14-17.
[38]何倩倩,姚金水,张希岩.可再分散乳胶粉的研究进展及应用前景.涂料工业, 2007,37(5): 52-55.
[39]张心亚,涂伟萍,陈焕钦等.高弹性防水外墙抹平胶的研制及应用[J].新型建筑材料, 2001(10):9-11.
[40]马捷,袁扬,张乐群.纤维增韧技术在建筑腻子中的应用.化学建材, 2007,23(4):39-43.
[41]杨海浪,陈中华.单组分高强耐水腻子的研制.涂料工业, 2003, 33(9):25-28.
[42]徐静,刘加平,史林.木质纤维的性能特点及其在工程中的应用.江苏建筑,2007,5:(54-58).
[43]桑国臣,刘加平,尚建丽.外墙外保温柔性耐水干粉腻子的研制.新型建筑材料, 2007, 4:(32-34).
[44]王嘉琪.石屑砂浆性能研究[D].河海大学硕士论文,2003.
[45]廉惠珍,童良等.建筑材料物相研究基础[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1996.
[2]石玉梅.建筑涂料与墙体腻子[J].中国涂料, 1998,5-(21-22).
[3]郑波.新型高性能单组分建筑外墙腻子粉的研究.
[4]胡志伟,王奋伟,刘岳琳.建筑腻子的功能、性能及几种典型涂装问题的处理方法[J].现代涂料与涂装, 2002(6): 10-12.
[5]孔向军.外墙腻子的研制.福建建材,2000(3).
[6]彭家惠,吴莉等.磷石膏基建筑腻子的配制与性能研究[[J] .新型建筑材料,2002 (1).
[7]顾期斌.聚合物改性水泥基外墙腻子研制.化学建材,2006(2).
[8]陈玲芳.建筑内外墙腻子的研制.福建建材,总第73期.
[9]易翔,曹阳等.建筑物外墙用粉体腻子的研制.湖南工程学院学报,2007 (6).
[10]李云飞,张美琴,钱红宇.干混砂浆概述[J].吉林建材,2004(5): 28-30.
[11]叶海云,许小安等.建筑装修新材料简明手册[M] .广东,广东科技出版社,1995.
[12]周昌盛.新型水泥基防水粉在建筑涂料装饰上的应用.涂料工业, 2000,(2):40.
[13]马捷,袁扬,张乐群.纤维增韧技术在建筑腻子中的应用[J].化学建材,2007,23(4):39-43 .
[14]黄其秀.大掺量粉煤灰复合水泥物理性能与混凝土性能[J].材料科学与工程,2002(2).
[15]余学芳.粉煤灰混凝土的抗裂性分析[J].混凝土.2003 ( 2): 61-63.
[16]李瑞爆.粉煤灰混凝土强度与抗渗性的研究[J].煤炭工程,2003 (4):34-36.
[17]方军良.用粉煤灰制取建筑用干粉外墙腻子[J].新型建筑材料,2003(3):I5-17.
[18]徐峰.填料在建筑涂料中的应用及其发展.现代涂料与涂装,2006(8).
[19]董峰亮.水性防水涂料中助剂的作用.化学建材,2002(1):33-35.
[20]科博尔.可再分散乳胶粉与干混砂浆[J].化学建材,1999(1):11-14.
[21] OHAMA Y.Handbook of polymer-Modified Concrete and Mortars[M].USA Noyes Publications,1995.
[22] OHAMA Y. polymer~modified mortars and concretes[M]. Noyes Publications,Park Ridge,NJ,USA,1984:343.
[23] ZIVICA V. The properties of cement paste with admixture of polyvinyl cetate emulsion[J]. Bull RILEM,1986(28):121-128.
[24] SENBURG J.E,VANDERHOFF J.W.Hypothesis for reinforcement of Portland ement by polymer latexes[J].J.Am.Ceram.Soc.1974,57(6):42-45.
[25] JUSTNES H.QYE B A.The microstructure of polymer cement mortars[M].Publication No9,Nordic Concrete Research,Norske Betongforening ronprinsensgate,Oslo,1990:69-80.
[26]张心亚,夏正斌,等.建筑腻子的现状与发展方向[J].化学建材,2001(3):24-26.
[27]徐峰.GN型内墙腻子的配制[J].化学建材,2000(4):26-28.
[28]张心亚,涂伟萍.高性能单组分建筑用腻子粉的研制及应用[J].化学建材,2001(5):16-20.
[29]张发爱.纤维素醚及其应用.化工新型材料.2001(11):21-23.
[30]崔久传.纤维素醚在建材行业中的应用.纤维素醚工业.2003(11):17-19.
[31]杨淑蕙.植物纤维化学[M].中国轻工业出版社.2001.
[32] G.A.斯穆克[加拿大]著.曹邦威译.纸浆造纸工程大全[M].巾国轻工业出版社.2001.
[33] Kraai Paul P. Proposed test to determine the cracking potential due to drying shrinkage of concrete[J].Concrete Construction,1985(9):775-778.
[34]陈燕,岳文海,董若兰.石膏建筑材料[M].:中国建材工业出版社,2003.
[35]岑如军,唐蕾,鲍水红等.建筑粉刷石膏的研制[[J].新型建筑材料,2003(11):36-40.
[36]南京化工学院数学组.正交设计[M].数学统计补充教材.
[37]郭陶明.粉煤灰在建筑材料领域的应用分析.新型建材与施工技术, 14-17.
[38]何倩倩,姚金水,张希岩.可再分散乳胶粉的研究进展及应用前景.涂料工业, 2007,37(5): 52-55.
[39]张心亚,涂伟萍,陈焕钦等.高弹性防水外墙抹平胶的研制及应用[J].新型建筑材料, 2001(10):9-11.
[40]马捷,袁扬,张乐群.纤维增韧技术在建筑腻子中的应用.化学建材, 2007,23(4):39-43.
[41]杨海浪,陈中华.单组分高强耐水腻子的研制.涂料工业, 2003, 33(9):25-28.
[42]徐静,刘加平,史林.木质纤维的性能特点及其在工程中的应用.江苏建筑,2007,5:(54-58).
[43]桑国臣,刘加平,尚建丽.外墙外保温柔性耐水干粉腻子的研制.新型建筑材料, 2007, 4:(32-34).
[44]王嘉琪.石屑砂浆性能研究[D].河海大学硕士论文,2003.
[45]廉惠珍,童良等.建筑材料物相研究基础[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1996.