风对南四湖调水水流水质的影响研究及其应急对策
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摘要
南水北调工程是解决我国北方地区水资源严重短缺问题的特大基础设施项目。经过近50年的勘测、规划和研究,在分析比较多种规划方案的基础上,确定分别在长江下游、中游、上游规划三个调水区,形成南水北调工程的东线、中线、西线三条调水线路。南水北调东线工程穿越我国中东部经济发达、人口众多的江苏、山东、河北三省,是我国南水北调工程总体布局的重要组成部分。
本论文引用美国研制的SMS(Surface Water Modeling System)地表水有限元模型及软件系统,结合湖泊地形特征、设计工况、水文条件、水力学原理和污染物输移扩散规律与混合特性等,主要模拟研究了不同风况作用对南四湖调水流场、浓度场的影响,并开展对南四湖事故污染应急对策研究。得出结论如下:
1、不同风况作用下,调水流场收到的影响也不同,湖区水体流速、流向有所变化,最大流速增加,使湖区环流增多、范围增大。不同风向、风速作用形成的环流形态差别较大,风速越大形成的环流越明显。
2、不同风况作用下的水面线比降不同,逆调水流向的风力使输水水面线比降增大,顺调水流向的风力使输水水面线比降减小。
3、风作用对湖区水体的影响主要取决于地形和边界形状、调水流速、风速和风向。上级湖入湖河流所属湖区水域宽广,污染带受风作用影响相对较为明显;下级湖入湖河流所属湖区水域狭窄,受风作用影响不明显。
4、分析了提高事故污染应急处置的信息化能力的必要性,提出南四湖事故污染应急对策。
南水北调南四湖水流水质模拟研究,是南水北调东线工程水质控制的关键性课题之一,为南水北调流域水污染控制规划、决策、设计提供科学的依据,可极大提高流域水污染控制的效率和管理水平。
To settle the problem that water resource in North China is very short, our country will implement the idea of South-to-North Water Transger Project. After programming and researching for more than 50 years, the scheme that the project will be divided into east route、middle route and west route was chosen from manifold blueprints. The east route project passes through JiangSu, ShanDong and HeBei Province, where the economy develops fast and the population is relatively large in the middle-east of China, so it's an important part of South-to-North Water Transger Project.
This article quotes SMS which the US develops (Surface Water Modeling System) the surface water finite element model and the software system, Unifies the lake terrain feature, the design operating mode, the hydrology condition, the hydraulics principle and the pollutant loses moves to the proliferation rule and the mix characteristic and so on, the main simulator study different wind situation function has adjusted the water flow field, the density field influence to the nansi lake, and develops to the nansi lake accidents pollutes the emergency countermeasure research. Draws the conclusion to be as follows:
1、Under the different wind situation function, adjusts the influence which the water flow field receives to be also different, the lake district water body speed of flow, flows has the change, the maximum speed of flow increases, makes the lake district circulation to increase, the scope to increase. The different wind direction, the wind speed function form the circulation shape difference is big, the wind speed is bigger the circulation which forms to be more obvious.
2、Under the different wind situation function's water facial suture gradient is different, the counter water distribution flows the wind power causes the water distribution water facial suture gradient to increase, flows to the wind power along the water distribution to cause the water distribution water facial suture gradient to reduce.
3、The wind action is mainly decided to the lake district water body's influence by the lake district terrain and the scope, the lake district water body speed of flow as well as the wind speed and the wind direction. The shangji lake enters the lake rivers respective lake district waters to be broad, the saprobic zone gets a chill the function influence relatively to be more obvious; The xiaji lake enters the lake rivers respective lake district waters to be narrow, gets a chill the function influence to be small.
4、Analyzed enhanced the accident to pollute emergency handling the informationization ability necessity, proposed that south four lake accidents polluted the emergency countermeasure.
Northward rerouting of southern river nansi water quality simulator study, is one of northward rerouting of southern river east line project water quality control crucial topics, is the northward rerouting of southern river basin water pollution control plan, the decision-making, the design provides the science reasonable basis, but enhances the basin water pollution control enormously the efficiency and the management level.
本论文引用美国研制的SMS(Surface Water Modeling System)地表水有限元模型及软件系统,结合湖泊地形特征、设计工况、水文条件、水力学原理和污染物输移扩散规律与混合特性等,主要模拟研究了不同风况作用对南四湖调水流场、浓度场的影响,并开展对南四湖事故污染应急对策研究。得出结论如下:
1、不同风况作用下,调水流场收到的影响也不同,湖区水体流速、流向有所变化,最大流速增加,使湖区环流增多、范围增大。不同风向、风速作用形成的环流形态差别较大,风速越大形成的环流越明显。
2、不同风况作用下的水面线比降不同,逆调水流向的风力使输水水面线比降增大,顺调水流向的风力使输水水面线比降减小。
3、风作用对湖区水体的影响主要取决于地形和边界形状、调水流速、风速和风向。上级湖入湖河流所属湖区水域宽广,污染带受风作用影响相对较为明显;下级湖入湖河流所属湖区水域狭窄,受风作用影响不明显。
4、分析了提高事故污染应急处置的信息化能力的必要性,提出南四湖事故污染应急对策。
南水北调南四湖水流水质模拟研究,是南水北调东线工程水质控制的关键性课题之一,为南水北调流域水污染控制规划、决策、设计提供科学的依据,可极大提高流域水污染控制的效率和管理水平。
To settle the problem that water resource in North China is very short, our country will implement the idea of South-to-North Water Transger Project. After programming and researching for more than 50 years, the scheme that the project will be divided into east route、middle route and west route was chosen from manifold blueprints. The east route project passes through JiangSu, ShanDong and HeBei Province, where the economy develops fast and the population is relatively large in the middle-east of China, so it's an important part of South-to-North Water Transger Project.
This article quotes SMS which the US develops (Surface Water Modeling System) the surface water finite element model and the software system, Unifies the lake terrain feature, the design operating mode, the hydrology condition, the hydraulics principle and the pollutant loses moves to the proliferation rule and the mix characteristic and so on, the main simulator study different wind situation function has adjusted the water flow field, the density field influence to the nansi lake, and develops to the nansi lake accidents pollutes the emergency countermeasure research. Draws the conclusion to be as follows:
1、Under the different wind situation function, adjusts the influence which the water flow field receives to be also different, the lake district water body speed of flow, flows has the change, the maximum speed of flow increases, makes the lake district circulation to increase, the scope to increase. The different wind direction, the wind speed function form the circulation shape difference is big, the wind speed is bigger the circulation which forms to be more obvious.
2、Under the different wind situation function's water facial suture gradient is different, the counter water distribution flows the wind power causes the water distribution water facial suture gradient to increase, flows to the wind power along the water distribution to cause the water distribution water facial suture gradient to reduce.
3、The wind action is mainly decided to the lake district water body's influence by the lake district terrain and the scope, the lake district water body speed of flow as well as the wind speed and the wind direction. The shangji lake enters the lake rivers respective lake district waters to be broad, the saprobic zone gets a chill the function influence relatively to be more obvious; The xiaji lake enters the lake rivers respective lake district waters to be narrow, gets a chill the function influence to be small.
4、Analyzed enhanced the accident to pollute emergency handling the informationization ability necessity, proposed that south four lake accidents polluted the emergency countermeasure.
Northward rerouting of southern river nansi water quality simulator study, is one of northward rerouting of southern river east line project water quality control crucial topics, is the northward rerouting of southern river basin water pollution control plan, the decision-making, the design provides the science reasonable basis, but enhances the basin water pollution control enormously the efficiency and the management level.
引文
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[10]许其功,刘鸿亮,冒亚明,等.基于有限单元算法的三峡水库水质模拟.中国给水排水,2007,23(1):27-29
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[12]KIM K W.Verification of a 3D Hydrodynamic Model of the San Juan Estuary System International[J].Water Resources Engineering Conference-Proceedings,1998,(2):1032-1037
[13]Jian Shen.Water Quality Development[R].Virginia Institute of Marine Science.The College of William and Mary,2002
[14]芮孝芳,孔凡哲,石朋.河流水文学若干研究领域的回顾与展望[J].水利水电科 技进展,2001,21(2):8-11
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