河北省大中型工业企业知识产权竞争力评价研究
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摘要
知识经济时代,市场经济的竞争日益激烈、复杂,知识产权已不再只承担防御者的角色,更多的是要纳入企业的进攻战略,成为企业保持竞争优势、获取利润和谋求发展的重要手段。知识产权角色的快速转变,使得企业对知识产权攻守两面作用的理解更为深入。因此,如何客观有效地在知识产权层面上评价企业的竞争力,对企业清楚地认识自己、制定正确的发展战略具有指导作用和现实意义。
本文在对知识产权相关理论研究的基础上,对河北省大中型工业企业知识产权竞争力的现状进行了分析,并构建了包含产出能力、研发能力、外在环境支持力、潜在投入能力四个一级指标在内的企业知识产权竞争力评价指标体系,运用突变级数法,采用2008年统计数据对全国30个省、自治区和直辖市的大中型工业企业的知识产权竞争力进行了综合评价,从而得出了河北省大中型工业企业的总体得分以及排名情况。
通过对评价结果的分析,找出了制约河北省大中型工业企业知识产权竞争力提升的三个关键因素,即发明专利申请数的缺乏、企业内外高级技术人员的短缺以及金融机构贷款的不足,并立足河北省发展现状,有针对性地提出了三点解决策略,为落实国家知识产权战略,增强河北省大中型工业企业知识产权竞争力提供借鉴。
In Era of knowledge economy, the market competition is becoming increasingly fierce and complex, Intellectual property doesn’t longer play the role of defender, but also incorporate the company's attack strategy and become the important tool for enterprises to maintain competitive advantage, take profits and develop themselves. As the role of intellectual property is changing, understanding of intellectual property for enterprise is better. So how to evaluate objectively and effectively the competitiveness of enterprise based on the level of IP has a great important role in guidance and practical significance for enterprises to understand themselves clearly.
Based on the relervant research and theories of intellectual property, this paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system of competitiveness of intellectual property for enterprise including output ability, R&D Ability, Supporting Ability of External Environment and Potential Investment Ability according to CPM, and uses statistics of 2008 to do empirical study on the competitiveness of IP of large and medium-sized industrial enterprises in China's 30 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions to get the total score and standing list.
According to the study outcome, comparison and analysis on the competitiveness of IP of large and medium-sized industrial enterprises are made, we finds three key factors that restrict competitiveness improvement, including lack of Invention patents, the shortage of highly qualified technicians both inside and outside of the enterprise, less loans to financial institutions. So we propose three strategies according to these problems on the basis of the economic development in Hebei province, which can be used for reference for the implement of Intellectual Property strategy and improvement of competitiveness of Intellectual Property for large and Medium-sized enterprise.
本文在对知识产权相关理论研究的基础上,对河北省大中型工业企业知识产权竞争力的现状进行了分析,并构建了包含产出能力、研发能力、外在环境支持力、潜在投入能力四个一级指标在内的企业知识产权竞争力评价指标体系,运用突变级数法,采用2008年统计数据对全国30个省、自治区和直辖市的大中型工业企业的知识产权竞争力进行了综合评价,从而得出了河北省大中型工业企业的总体得分以及排名情况。
通过对评价结果的分析,找出了制约河北省大中型工业企业知识产权竞争力提升的三个关键因素,即发明专利申请数的缺乏、企业内外高级技术人员的短缺以及金融机构贷款的不足,并立足河北省发展现状,有针对性地提出了三点解决策略,为落实国家知识产权战略,增强河北省大中型工业企业知识产权竞争力提供借鉴。
In Era of knowledge economy, the market competition is becoming increasingly fierce and complex, Intellectual property doesn’t longer play the role of defender, but also incorporate the company's attack strategy and become the important tool for enterprises to maintain competitive advantage, take profits and develop themselves. As the role of intellectual property is changing, understanding of intellectual property for enterprise is better. So how to evaluate objectively and effectively the competitiveness of enterprise based on the level of IP has a great important role in guidance and practical significance for enterprises to understand themselves clearly.
Based on the relervant research and theories of intellectual property, this paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system of competitiveness of intellectual property for enterprise including output ability, R&D Ability, Supporting Ability of External Environment and Potential Investment Ability according to CPM, and uses statistics of 2008 to do empirical study on the competitiveness of IP of large and medium-sized industrial enterprises in China's 30 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions to get the total score and standing list.
According to the study outcome, comparison and analysis on the competitiveness of IP of large and medium-sized industrial enterprises are made, we finds three key factors that restrict competitiveness improvement, including lack of Invention patents, the shortage of highly qualified technicians both inside and outside of the enterprise, less loans to financial institutions. So we propose three strategies according to these problems on the basis of the economic development in Hebei province, which can be used for reference for the implement of Intellectual Property strategy and improvement of competitiveness of Intellectual Property for large and Medium-sized enterprise.
引文
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4 Amy Jocelyn Glass, Xiaodong Wu.Intellectual property rights and quality improvement. Journal of Development Economics,2007,82(2):393-415
5 Peggy E. Chaudhry.Changing levels of intellectual property rights protection for global firms: A synopsis of recent U.S. and EU trade enforcement strategies. Science Direct,2006,49(6):463-472
6 Sadao Nagaoka.Determinants of high-royalty contracts and the impact of strongerprotection of intellectual property rights in Japan. Journal of the Japanese And International Economies,2005,19(2):233-254
7 Taro Akiyama, Yuichi Furukawa.Intellectual property rights and appropriability of innovation. Economics Letters,2009,103(3):138-141
8 Edwin L-C.Lai, Larry D.Qiu.The North’s intellectual property rights standard for the South. Journal of International Economics.2003,59(1):183-209
9金永红,吴江涛.企业自主知识产权战略管理研究—以上海为例.软科学,2008,22(08):60-80
10陈伟,于艳.企业国际化经营知识产权战略系统耦合研究.科学管理研究,2007,25(04):87-90
11周英男,杜鸿雁.企业技术创新过程中的知识产权战略选择模型.科学学研究,2007,25(S2):455-459
12赵旭梅.日本企业知识产权经营战略及其启示.亚太经济,2009, (05):51-54
13陈伟,于艳丽.跨国公司知识产权战略升级与我国企业应对机制研究.科技管理研究,2009,(09):346-348
14杨拉克.中小企业知识产权保护策略研究.科技进步与对策,2007,24(12):103-105
15史晓燕.浅谈企业知识产权综合保护体系的建立.商场现代化,2007,(496):307-308
16张秀峰,聂鸣.基于创新型企业与模仿型企业协调发展的知识产权保护强度分析.科技管理研究,2007,(09): 239-241
17孙斌,吴松强.基于基层政府视角的知识产权保护研究.企业经济,2009,(10):168-170
18杨玲梅.知识产权保护的国际化趋势与我国的应对措施.武汉大学学报,2009,62(05):619-623
19李迎春.知识产权制度保护水平的测度与分析.财会通讯,2009,(10):89-92
20安新颖,冷福海.基于结构方程模型的企业自主创新能力研究.科技进步与对策,2008,25(04):63-66
21朱孔来.自主创新能力指标体系及综合评价方法.统计与决策,2007,(18):54-57
22柳飞红,傅利平.基于FAHP的企业技术创新能力评价指标权重的确定.统计与信息论坛,2009,24(02):24-28
23刘明珍.中国企业自主知识产权和知名品牌发展研究.中国软科学,2006,(03):123-131
24黄永春,杨晨.企业自主知识产权名牌的竞争效应的理论分析.科技管理研究,2007,(07):143-146
25陈伟,于艳丽.企业知识产权开发与市场运营机制研究及其互动机理分析.科技管理研究,2008,(02):206-208
26朱伟民.资源能力整合的企业知识产权竞争优势研究.科学学与科学技术管理,2009,(10):139-144
27刘介明.供应链企业知识产权协同管理研究.[武汉理工大学博士学位论文].2009,(4):28
28于艳丽.我国企业国际化经营知识产权战略系统研究.[哈尔滨工程大学博士论文].2008,(5):23
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35钟云龙,马聪.知识产权法前沿问题报告.北京:中国经济出版社,2007:11
36夏轶群.企业技术专利商业化经营策略研究.[上海交通大学博士学位论文].2009,(6): 3
37 Birgitte Andersen, Sue Konzelmann.Insearch of a useful theory of the productive potential of intellectual property rights. Science Direct,2008,(37):12–28
38理查德.A.波斯纳.法律的经济分析.蒋兆康.北京:中国大百科全书出版社,1997:49
39张玉敏.中国欧盟知识产权法比较研究.北京:法律出版社,2005:2-6
40张玉敏.中国欧盟知识产权法比较研究.北京:法律出版社,2005:14
41倪海清.知识产权保护—吸引FDI与东道国创新[南开大学博士学位论文].2009,(5):39
42 Samuel Adams.Globalization and income inequality: Implications for intellectual property rights. Journal of Policy Modeling,2008,(30):725–735
43梅术文.知识产权管理要点.中小企业科技,2007,(5): 42-43
44白红玲.企业竞争力分析与评价研究.[新疆农业大学硕士学位论文].2003,(6):14-15
45 Herschel I. Grossman.Inventors and pirates: creativeactivity and intellectual property rights. European Journal of Political Economy,2005,21: 269–285
46 Clemente Forero-Pineda.The impact of stronger intellectual property rights on Science and technology in developing countries. Research Policy,2006,(35): 808–824
47 Theo Eicher, Cecilia Garc?a-Penalosa.Endogenous strength of intellectual property rights, Implications for economic development and growth. European Economic Review,2008,(52) : 237–258
48朱伟民.资源能力整合的企业知识产权竞争优势研究.科学学与科学技术管理,2009,(10):139-144
49金永红,吴江涛.企业自主知识产权战略管理研究—以上海为例.软科学,2008,22(08):60-80
50罗燕婷.安徽省大中型工业企业技术创新能力的实证分析.[安徽大学硕士学位论文].2007,(5):27-28
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2 Yongmin Chen, Thitima Puttitanun.Intellectual property rights and innovation in Developing countries. Journal of Development Economics,2005,78(2):474-493
3 Lei Yang, Keith E. Maskus.Intellectual property rights, technology transfer and exports in developing countries. Journal of Development Economics,2009,90(2): 231-236
4 Amy Jocelyn Glass, Xiaodong Wu.Intellectual property rights and quality improvement. Journal of Development Economics,2007,82(2):393-415
5 Peggy E. Chaudhry.Changing levels of intellectual property rights protection for global firms: A synopsis of recent U.S. and EU trade enforcement strategies. Science Direct,2006,49(6):463-472
6 Sadao Nagaoka.Determinants of high-royalty contracts and the impact of strongerprotection of intellectual property rights in Japan. Journal of the Japanese And International Economies,2005,19(2):233-254
7 Taro Akiyama, Yuichi Furukawa.Intellectual property rights and appropriability of innovation. Economics Letters,2009,103(3):138-141
8 Edwin L-C.Lai, Larry D.Qiu.The North’s intellectual property rights standard for the South. Journal of International Economics.2003,59(1):183-209
9金永红,吴江涛.企业自主知识产权战略管理研究—以上海为例.软科学,2008,22(08):60-80
10陈伟,于艳.企业国际化经营知识产权战略系统耦合研究.科学管理研究,2007,25(04):87-90
11周英男,杜鸿雁.企业技术创新过程中的知识产权战略选择模型.科学学研究,2007,25(S2):455-459
12赵旭梅.日本企业知识产权经营战略及其启示.亚太经济,2009, (05):51-54
13陈伟,于艳丽.跨国公司知识产权战略升级与我国企业应对机制研究.科技管理研究,2009,(09):346-348
14杨拉克.中小企业知识产权保护策略研究.科技进步与对策,2007,24(12):103-105
15史晓燕.浅谈企业知识产权综合保护体系的建立.商场现代化,2007,(496):307-308
16张秀峰,聂鸣.基于创新型企业与模仿型企业协调发展的知识产权保护强度分析.科技管理研究,2007,(09): 239-241
17孙斌,吴松强.基于基层政府视角的知识产权保护研究.企业经济,2009,(10):168-170
18杨玲梅.知识产权保护的国际化趋势与我国的应对措施.武汉大学学报,2009,62(05):619-623
19李迎春.知识产权制度保护水平的测度与分析.财会通讯,2009,(10):89-92
20安新颖,冷福海.基于结构方程模型的企业自主创新能力研究.科技进步与对策,2008,25(04):63-66
21朱孔来.自主创新能力指标体系及综合评价方法.统计与决策,2007,(18):54-57
22柳飞红,傅利平.基于FAHP的企业技术创新能力评价指标权重的确定.统计与信息论坛,2009,24(02):24-28
23刘明珍.中国企业自主知识产权和知名品牌发展研究.中国软科学,2006,(03):123-131
24黄永春,杨晨.企业自主知识产权名牌的竞争效应的理论分析.科技管理研究,2007,(07):143-146
25陈伟,于艳丽.企业知识产权开发与市场运营机制研究及其互动机理分析.科技管理研究,2008,(02):206-208
26朱伟民.资源能力整合的企业知识产权竞争优势研究.科学学与科学技术管理,2009,(10):139-144
27刘介明.供应链企业知识产权协同管理研究.[武汉理工大学博士学位论文].2009,(4):28
28于艳丽.我国企业国际化经营知识产权战略系统研究.[哈尔滨工程大学博士论文].2008,(5):23
29王兵等,郑友德,单晓光,寿步,田文英,许春明,陈东华,胡滨斌,万勇,万志前.知识产权基础教程.北京:清华大学出版社,2010:2
30郑成思.知识产权法教程.北京:法律出版社,1995:1
31刘春田.知识产权法.北京:中国人民大学出版社,2000:3
32吴汉东.知识产权法学.北京:北京大学出版社,2000:1-3
33张玉敏.中国欧盟知识产权法比较研究.北京:法律出版社,2005: 6
34张玉敏.中国欧盟知识产权法比较研究.北京:法律出版社,2005:2-6
35钟云龙,马聪.知识产权法前沿问题报告.北京:中国经济出版社,2007:11
36夏轶群.企业技术专利商业化经营策略研究.[上海交通大学博士学位论文].2009,(6): 3
37 Birgitte Andersen, Sue Konzelmann.Insearch of a useful theory of the productive potential of intellectual property rights. Science Direct,2008,(37):12–28
38理查德.A.波斯纳.法律的经济分析.蒋兆康.北京:中国大百科全书出版社,1997:49
39张玉敏.中国欧盟知识产权法比较研究.北京:法律出版社,2005:2-6
40张玉敏.中国欧盟知识产权法比较研究.北京:法律出版社,2005:14
41倪海清.知识产权保护—吸引FDI与东道国创新[南开大学博士学位论文].2009,(5):39
42 Samuel Adams.Globalization and income inequality: Implications for intellectual property rights. Journal of Policy Modeling,2008,(30):725–735
43梅术文.知识产权管理要点.中小企业科技,2007,(5): 42-43
44白红玲.企业竞争力分析与评价研究.[新疆农业大学硕士学位论文].2003,(6):14-15
45 Herschel I. Grossman.Inventors and pirates: creativeactivity and intellectual property rights. European Journal of Political Economy,2005,21: 269–285
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