我国外资银行监管法律制度的完善
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摘要
外资银行监管法律制度的构建是我国银行监管法的一个重要内容。伴随着全球经济一体化和金融自由化程度的日益加深，跨国银行作为当代世界经济和金融发展的重要力量，在近些年来取得了较快的发展。我国加入WTO后，大量的外资银行进入我国，开放程度越来越大，在促进了我国金融业的发展的同时也进一步加剧金融系统的不稳定性。要克服外资银行的经营活动给我国国经济带来的负面影响，有效地保障并促进我国金融业的持续稳定、安全、健康地发展，就需要对外资银行进行审慎而有效的监管。因此，如何借鉴发达国家的先进经验，结合我国的具体国情，逐步建立完善的外资银行监管法律制度，就成为我国目前金融监管立法和执法中面临的一个重要任务。
本文主要探讨在国际经济一体化和金融自由化背景下我国外资银行监管的法律问题。本文以外资银行监管的基本原理研究为基础，从市场准入监管、经营运作监管、退出监管三个层面研讨了我国外资银行监管所牵涉到的法律问题，在研究方法上，通过对主要国家外资银行监管法律制度的相关规定进行比较分析，从中找出发达国家在外资银行监管法制建设上值得我们借鉴的先进经验。评价了我国当前外资银行监管立法的现状，着重探讨了我国外资银行监管所存在的缺陷与不足，对完善我国外资银行监管法制提出了一些探索性的建议。
The construction of supervision law system for foreign bank is an important part of Chineses bank supervision a law. With global economy integration and finance liberalization degree deepened gradually, the multinational bank is an important strength of contemporary economic and financial development in the world, obtaining a quicker development in the last years. After our country entering WTO,a large of foreign banks enters our country , the degree opening to the outside world is more and more deep , and prompted the development of Chinese finace, meanwhile, also increased the instability. We need to overcome a negative effect of the foreign bank business operations on our country country economy, continuing for and promoting our country finance effective guarantee stability , development safe , healthy , need to carry out cautious but effective inspection on the foreign bank. How to drawing the advanced experience, being tied in the specific national condition of our country, perfecting foreign bank supervision legal system step by step , is an important mission of finance supervision legislation and execution process.
The dissertation focuses on the legal issues of china's foreign bank supervision in the background of international financial integration and financial liberalization. The main body of a book is studied with the basal principle that the foreign bank supervision for the basis, the operation secondary market access being supervision , managing supervision , withdraws from supervision three law problems having deliberated what our country foreign bank inspection involves arriving at face to face tier, On research method, analyse comparatively , find out out of developed country advanced experience being worthy for us to draw lessons on supervision a legal system building in foreign bank by the fact that the relevance regulation supervision legal system is in progress to main country foreign bank.. Have estimated that current foreign bank of our country supervision the legislation current situation, have emphasized the suggestion having discussed the defect that our country foreign bank there exists in inspection institute and being not worth supervision legal institutions to perfect our country foreign bank having put forward some probe suggestion.
本文主要探讨在国际经济一体化和金融自由化背景下我国外资银行监管的法律问题。本文以外资银行监管的基本原理研究为基础，从市场准入监管、经营运作监管、退出监管三个层面研讨了我国外资银行监管所牵涉到的法律问题，在研究方法上，通过对主要国家外资银行监管法律制度的相关规定进行比较分析，从中找出发达国家在外资银行监管法制建设上值得我们借鉴的先进经验。评价了我国当前外资银行监管立法的现状，着重探讨了我国外资银行监管所存在的缺陷与不足，对完善我国外资银行监管法制提出了一些探索性的建议。
The construction of supervision law system for foreign bank is an important part of Chineses bank supervision a law. With global economy integration and finance liberalization degree deepened gradually, the multinational bank is an important strength of contemporary economic and financial development in the world, obtaining a quicker development in the last years. After our country entering WTO,a large of foreign banks enters our country , the degree opening to the outside world is more and more deep , and prompted the development of Chinese finace, meanwhile, also increased the instability. We need to overcome a negative effect of the foreign bank business operations on our country country economy, continuing for and promoting our country finance effective guarantee stability , development safe , healthy , need to carry out cautious but effective inspection on the foreign bank. How to drawing the advanced experience, being tied in the specific national condition of our country, perfecting foreign bank supervision legal system step by step , is an important mission of finance supervision legislation and execution process.
The dissertation focuses on the legal issues of china's foreign bank supervision in the background of international financial integration and financial liberalization. The main body of a book is studied with the basal principle that the foreign bank supervision for the basis, the operation secondary market access being supervision , managing supervision , withdraws from supervision three law problems having deliberated what our country foreign bank inspection involves arriving at face to face tier, On research method, analyse comparatively , find out out of developed country advanced experience being worthy for us to draw lessons on supervision a legal system building in foreign bank by the fact that the relevance regulation supervision legal system is in progress to main country foreign bank.. Have estimated that current foreign bank of our country supervision the legislation current situation, have emphasized the suggestion having discussed the defect that our country foreign bank there exists in inspection institute and being not worth supervision legal institutions to perfect our country foreign bank having put forward some probe suggestion.
引文
[1] 李金泽．跨国银行市场准入法律制度．法律出版社．2003：122-264页
[2] 蔡奕．跨国银行监管的主要法律问题研究．厦门大学出版社．2005：128页
[3] 史纪良．银行监管比较研究．中国金融出版社出版社．2005：215-247页
[4] 毛择盛．跨国银行的进入、绩效及管制．人民出版社．2005：18-19页 167-168页
[5] 许邦贵．金融监督管理国外的经验与借鉴．中南工业大学出版社．1995：3页
[6] 周林．世界银行业监管．上海财经大学出版社．1998：367页
[7] 盛杰民．论对外资银行监管的法律原则．现代法学，1997(4)：25页
[8] 张庆麟．外资银行若干法律问题研究．法学评论，1999(2)：12页
[9] 郑晓辉．亚洲“四小龙”对外资银行的监管比较及其借鉴．国际金融，1996(9)：6页
[10] 刘丰名．巴塞尔协议与国际金融法．武汉测绘大学出版社．1994：26页
[11] 马红艘．美国的金融创新与金融监管．武汉大学出版社．1998：336页
[12] 陈元．美国银行监管．中国金融出版社．1998：247页
[13] 潘英丽．西方商业银行管理．华东师范大学出版社．1996：64页
[14] 刘宇飞．国际金融监管的新发展．经济科学出版，2000：258-262页
[15] 白瑞明．亚洲金融大动荡与中国经济的慎思．中国金融出版社．1998：162页
[16] 邹立刚．张桂红．对外资金融机构的法律监管．法律出版社．2001：38-52页
[17] 赵威．最新国际货币金融法．人民法院出版社．2002：58页
[18] 岳彩申．跨国银行监管体制研究．现代法学，2001(8)：36页
[19] 陈燕玲．新巴塞尔协议及其对我国银行业的影响．中央财经大学学 报，2000(1)：102-105页
[20] 杨浩．外资银行在华扩张的方式及对策研究．世界经济研究，2003(4)：57页
[21] 钱小安．建立中国统一的金融监管体制的构想．金融与保险，2002(5)：36页
[22] 李锦南．金融市场开放背景下外资银行监管制度的完善．金融与保险，2002(9)：13页
[23] 戴相龙．加入WTO金融部门对策．金融与保险，2002(5)：116-118页
[24] 王贵国．国际货币金融法．北京大学出版社．2002：128页
[25] 严峻伟．国际监管：跨国银行的金融规范．上海社会科学院出版社．2001：156-169页
[26] 谢伏晗．金融监管与金融改革．中国发展出版社．2002：205-207页
[27] 李津京，陈佩虹．国际商务法律环境．机械工业出版社．2002：192-201页
[28] 赵维田．世贸组织的法律制度．吉林人民出版社．2000：204-206页
[29] 刘文华．WTO与中国金融法律制度的冲突与规避．中国城市出版社．2001：69-73页
[30] 缪剑文，罗培新．WTO与国际金融法律实务．吉林人民出版社．2001：106-112页
[31] 刘剑文．WTO与中国法律改革．西苑出版社．2001：89页
[32] 李仁真．欧盟银行法研究．武汉大学出版社．2002：98-100页
[33] 季恒．我国对外资银行有效监管的政策选择和具体措施．金融论坛，2002(2)：28-29页
[34] 龚明华．跨国银行引进：利弊分析与监管措施比较研究．当代财经，2002(8)：19-20页
[35] 陈小敏．美国银行法．法律出版社，2000：221-223页
[36] 陈元．美国银行监管．中国金融出版社，1998：136-138页
[37] 钟志勇．跨国银行总行与海外分行法律关系论．中国方正出版 社．2005：15-18页
[38] 马君潞．金融自由化．中国金融出版社．1999：68-69页
[39] 李金泽．银行业法律热点难点问题探索．中国检察出版社．2003：175-179页
[40] 周林主编．世界银行业监管．上海财经大学出版社．1998：165页
[41] 张忠军．金融监管法论．法律出版社．1998：54-58页
[42] 刘逖．中国银行业外资的冲击．上海远东出版社．2000：65-72页
[43] 岳彩申．跨国银行法律制度研究．北京大学出版社．2002：126-148页
[44] Beck, Thorsten A. Ross Levine and Norman Loayza. Finance and the Sources of Growth. Journal of Financial Economics, 2000: 7-8P
[45] Caprio, Gerard, and Patrick Honohan. Restoring Banking. Stability Beyond Supervised Capital Requirements. Journal of Economic Perspectives, Fall 1999: 56-59P
[46] Basle Committee on Banking Supervision. Compendium of Documents by the Committee. Volume Three, International Supervisiory Issues, April 1997: 32P
[47] J. J Norton etc. International Banking Regulation and Supervision: Chang and Transformation in the 1990s &NIJhoff Publishers, 1994: 102-110P
[48] Morrison, Peter. WTO Agreement Liberalizes Financial Services Market. International Financial Law Review, August 1998: 137P
[49] European Central Bank (2001 c). Memorandum of Understanding on co-operation between payments systems overseers and banking supervisors in stage Ⅲ of EMU, April: 17-18P
[50] European Commission(2000). Report on Financial Stability Prepared by the ad——hoc working group of the Economic and Financial Committee. Economic Papers, Number 143, May: 36-37P
[51] Peek, Joe, and Eric Rosengren The International Transmission of Financial Shocks: The Case of Japan, American Economic Review, September 1997: 28-30P
[52] Diez Guardia, Nuria(2001). Regu]ating e—commerce infinancial services, CEPS working party report, October: 32-36P
[53] Adlung, R. A. Carzinaga and A. Mattoo(1999)A Review of GATTS Commitments, forthcoming WTO Working Paper: 21-26P
[2] 蔡奕．跨国银行监管的主要法律问题研究．厦门大学出版社．2005：128页
[3] 史纪良．银行监管比较研究．中国金融出版社出版社．2005：215-247页
[4] 毛择盛．跨国银行的进入、绩效及管制．人民出版社．2005：18-19页 167-168页
[5] 许邦贵．金融监督管理国外的经验与借鉴．中南工业大学出版社．1995：3页
[6] 周林．世界银行业监管．上海财经大学出版社．1998：367页
[7] 盛杰民．论对外资银行监管的法律原则．现代法学，1997(4)：25页
[8] 张庆麟．外资银行若干法律问题研究．法学评论，1999(2)：12页
[9] 郑晓辉．亚洲“四小龙”对外资银行的监管比较及其借鉴．国际金融，1996(9)：6页
[10] 刘丰名．巴塞尔协议与国际金融法．武汉测绘大学出版社．1994：26页
[11] 马红艘．美国的金融创新与金融监管．武汉大学出版社．1998：336页
[12] 陈元．美国银行监管．中国金融出版社．1998：247页
[13] 潘英丽．西方商业银行管理．华东师范大学出版社．1996：64页
[14] 刘宇飞．国际金融监管的新发展．经济科学出版，2000：258-262页
[15] 白瑞明．亚洲金融大动荡与中国经济的慎思．中国金融出版社．1998：162页
[16] 邹立刚．张桂红．对外资金融机构的法律监管．法律出版社．2001：38-52页
[17] 赵威．最新国际货币金融法．人民法院出版社．2002：58页
[18] 岳彩申．跨国银行监管体制研究．现代法学，2001(8)：36页
[19] 陈燕玲．新巴塞尔协议及其对我国银行业的影响．中央财经大学学 报，2000(1)：102-105页
[20] 杨浩．外资银行在华扩张的方式及对策研究．世界经济研究，2003(4)：57页
[21] 钱小安．建立中国统一的金融监管体制的构想．金融与保险，2002(5)：36页
[22] 李锦南．金融市场开放背景下外资银行监管制度的完善．金融与保险，2002(9)：13页
[23] 戴相龙．加入WTO金融部门对策．金融与保险，2002(5)：116-118页
[24] 王贵国．国际货币金融法．北京大学出版社．2002：128页
[25] 严峻伟．国际监管：跨国银行的金融规范．上海社会科学院出版社．2001：156-169页
[26] 谢伏晗．金融监管与金融改革．中国发展出版社．2002：205-207页
[27] 李津京，陈佩虹．国际商务法律环境．机械工业出版社．2002：192-201页
[28] 赵维田．世贸组织的法律制度．吉林人民出版社．2000：204-206页
[29] 刘文华．WTO与中国金融法律制度的冲突与规避．中国城市出版社．2001：69-73页
[30] 缪剑文，罗培新．WTO与国际金融法律实务．吉林人民出版社．2001：106-112页
[31] 刘剑文．WTO与中国法律改革．西苑出版社．2001：89页
[32] 李仁真．欧盟银行法研究．武汉大学出版社．2002：98-100页
[33] 季恒．我国对外资银行有效监管的政策选择和具体措施．金融论坛，2002(2)：28-29页
[34] 龚明华．跨国银行引进：利弊分析与监管措施比较研究．当代财经，2002(8)：19-20页
[35] 陈小敏．美国银行法．法律出版社，2000：221-223页
[36] 陈元．美国银行监管．中国金融出版社，1998：136-138页
[37] 钟志勇．跨国银行总行与海外分行法律关系论．中国方正出版 社．2005：15-18页
[38] 马君潞．金融自由化．中国金融出版社．1999：68-69页
[39] 李金泽．银行业法律热点难点问题探索．中国检察出版社．2003：175-179页
[40] 周林主编．世界银行业监管．上海财经大学出版社．1998：165页
[41] 张忠军．金融监管法论．法律出版社．1998：54-58页
[42] 刘逖．中国银行业外资的冲击．上海远东出版社．2000：65-72页
[43] 岳彩申．跨国银行法律制度研究．北京大学出版社．2002：126-148页
[44] Beck, Thorsten A. Ross Levine and Norman Loayza. Finance and the Sources of Growth. Journal of Financial Economics, 2000: 7-8P
[45] Caprio, Gerard, and Patrick Honohan. Restoring Banking. Stability Beyond Supervised Capital Requirements. Journal of Economic Perspectives, Fall 1999: 56-59P
[46] Basle Committee on Banking Supervision. Compendium of Documents by the Committee. Volume Three, International Supervisiory Issues, April 1997: 32P
[47] J. J Norton etc. International Banking Regulation and Supervision: Chang and Transformation in the 1990s &NIJhoff Publishers, 1994: 102-110P
[48] Morrison, Peter. WTO Agreement Liberalizes Financial Services Market. International Financial Law Review, August 1998: 137P
[49] European Central Bank (2001 c). Memorandum of Understanding on co-operation between payments systems overseers and banking supervisors in stage Ⅲ of EMU, April: 17-18P
[50] European Commission(2000). Report on Financial Stability Prepared by the ad——hoc working group of the Economic and Financial Committee. Economic Papers, Number 143, May: 36-37P
[51] Peek, Joe, and Eric Rosengren The International Transmission of Financial Shocks: The Case of Japan, American Economic Review, September 1997: 28-30P
[52] Diez Guardia, Nuria(2001). Regu]ating e—commerce infinancial services, CEPS working party report, October: 32-36P
[53] Adlung, R. A. Carzinaga and A. Mattoo(1999)A Review of GATTS Commitments, forthcoming WTO Working Paper: 21-26P