基于小波变换的视频压缩算法研究
摘要
随着Internet网络、无线通信技术以及交互式多媒体技术的迅速发展,视频压缩技术成为当今视频通信的研究重点。在最近的二十多年中,小波理论得到了迅速的发展,成功地在许多领域得到应用。在图像压缩领域,基于小波变换的JPEG2000已经成为当今主流的图像压缩标准。在视频压缩领域,基于小波的压缩算法不断出现,并且表现出其优异的性能和良好的发展前景。
本文以此为背景,提出基于小波变换的视频压缩算法研究,首先对小波变换理论进行了较为深入的阐述,包括多分辨率分析理论、图像小波分解过程的推导等,对图像分解中小波基的选择问题进行了讨论,从而确定了课题的实施方案,即在本文设计的视频压缩算法中采用双正交小波基D9/7。其次,研究了基于小波变换的静止图像压缩算法EZW、SPIHT和一种改进的EZW算法,这些算法是视频压缩编码算法中的关键部分。在软件平台上进行了算法验证、分析和对比,结果显示,应用改进的EZW算法对图象进行压缩,重构图像的PSNR值较高。论文第三部分研究了基于小波变换的视频压缩算法和多分辨率运动补偿算法,对运动补偿算法进行了适当改进。最后,设计了一个基于小波变换、小波域运动补偿和改进的EZW算法的视频压缩方案,进行了软件设计并对其运行结果进行了数据分析。经与H.263视频压缩标准对比,说明本文提出的算法在中高码率下性能优异,在低码率下也达到了H.263标准。
With the rapid development of Internet network, wireless communication, and interactive multimedia, video compression is becoming an important issue in the research area of video communication today. In the last twenty more years, wavelet theory is developed rapidly , and the research areas of wavelet theory are also expanded thoroughly. Wavelet theory has been applied to many fields successfully. In the field of still-image compression, the JPEG2000, which based on wavelet transform has become the most popular standard of image compression. In the video compression field, new compression algorithm based on wavelet appears and exhibit excellent performance and good future.
Under this background, this paper raises the research on video compression algorithm using wavelet transform.Firstly, wavelet theory is dedply elaborated,including MRME , derivation of image deposition using wavelet and the problem of wavelet bases selection ,all of this determines the program of the paper.Secondly,studies the methods of image compresstion EZW,SPITH and an improved EZW,and displays the experiment result.The result shows that image compression using improved EZW,the reconsruction imgae gets higher PSNR.Then reaserch the video compression algorithm and MRME ,improve the lgorithm.Finally,this paper designs wavelet video compression systerm and displays the results.The results shows that the algorithm is merit under high rate,and reach the H.263 under low rate.
本文以此为背景,提出基于小波变换的视频压缩算法研究,首先对小波变换理论进行了较为深入的阐述,包括多分辨率分析理论、图像小波分解过程的推导等,对图像分解中小波基的选择问题进行了讨论,从而确定了课题的实施方案,即在本文设计的视频压缩算法中采用双正交小波基D9/7。其次,研究了基于小波变换的静止图像压缩算法EZW、SPIHT和一种改进的EZW算法,这些算法是视频压缩编码算法中的关键部分。在软件平台上进行了算法验证、分析和对比,结果显示,应用改进的EZW算法对图象进行压缩,重构图像的PSNR值较高。论文第三部分研究了基于小波变换的视频压缩算法和多分辨率运动补偿算法,对运动补偿算法进行了适当改进。最后,设计了一个基于小波变换、小波域运动补偿和改进的EZW算法的视频压缩方案,进行了软件设计并对其运行结果进行了数据分析。经与H.263视频压缩标准对比,说明本文提出的算法在中高码率下性能优异,在低码率下也达到了H.263标准。
With the rapid development of Internet network, wireless communication, and interactive multimedia, video compression is becoming an important issue in the research area of video communication today. In the last twenty more years, wavelet theory is developed rapidly , and the research areas of wavelet theory are also expanded thoroughly. Wavelet theory has been applied to many fields successfully. In the field of still-image compression, the JPEG2000, which based on wavelet transform has become the most popular standard of image compression. In the video compression field, new compression algorithm based on wavelet appears and exhibit excellent performance and good future.
Under this background, this paper raises the research on video compression algorithm using wavelet transform.Firstly, wavelet theory is dedply elaborated,including MRME , derivation of image deposition using wavelet and the problem of wavelet bases selection ,all of this determines the program of the paper.Secondly,studies the methods of image compresstion EZW,SPITH and an improved EZW,and displays the experiment result.The result shows that image compression using improved EZW,the reconsruction imgae gets higher PSNR.Then reaserch the video compression algorithm and MRME ,improve the lgorithm.Finally,this paper designs wavelet video compression systerm and displays the results.The results shows that the algorithm is merit under high rate,and reach the H.263 under low rate.
引文
[1] 陈武凡.小波分析及其在图像处理中的应用.北京:科学出版社,2002.
[2] David Salomon.数据压缩原理与应用.北京:电子工业出版社,2003.
[3] Daubichies. Orthonormal bases of compactly supported wavelets,Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics,1988.
[4] Daubechies. Ten Lectures on Wavelets,vol 61 of CBMS-NSF Regional Conference Series in Applied Mathematics,SIAM, Philadelphia, 1992.
[5] S.Mallat.A theory for multiresolution decomposition:representation IEEE Trans Pattn Anal March Intel the wavelet ,1989.
[6] 张宗平,刘贵忠.基于小波的视频图像压缩研究进展,电子学报,2002,30(6):883-889.
[7] 杨福生.小波变换的工程分析与应用.北京,科学出版社,1999.
[8] 臧春峰,崔春姬.静态图像压缩-从 JPEG 到 JPEG-2000.长春理工大学学报,2005.
[9] 程正兴.小波分析算法与应用.西安交通大学出版社,2004.
[10] 马小虎,张明敏等.多媒体数据压缩标准及其实现.北京:清华大学出版社,2004.
[11] D.Taubman, “High Performance Scalable Image Compression With EBCOT”,IEEE Trans.Image Processing, 2000, 9 (7):1158-1170.
[12] S.A.Matucci,ISodagar, T Chiang,Y-Qzhang, “A Zerotree Wavelet video coder”,IEEE Trans.Circuits and Systerms for video tech,1997,7(1):109-108.
[13] X.Yang, K.Rmchandram,“Scalable wavelet video coding alisasing-reduced hierarchical motion compensation [J]”,Image Processing, 2000, 9 (5):778-791.
[14] 石胜飞.小波变换在图像压缩中的应用.电子周刊,2000.10.
[15] 伯小晨,李涛,姚路.MATLAB 工具箱应用指南.电子工业出版社,2000.
[16] 张剑,余胜生.基于零树小波与分形图像编码算法的 JPEG-2000.微型机与应用,2004(1):32-36.
[17] 林刚,刘泽民.基于运动补偿的三维小波视频编码.中国图像图形学报,2004(11):15-18.
[18] VT.Franques,“Wavelet-based embeded zerotree extention to color coding” SPIE,Vol3391-02,2000.
[19] 张晓芸,宋建社,郑永安.视频编码技术研究进展.计算机工程,2004 (7).
[20] 张宗平,刘贵忠,候兴松一种改进的三维小波视频编码.西安交通大学学报,2001(6):12-15.
[21] 贾永兴,余远德,陈鸣.小波图像零树量化算法的研究和改进.数字视频,2001 (5):23-29.
[22] 马社祥,刘贵忠,尚赵伟.基于小波变换的图像和视频压缩编码.工程数学学报,2001(12): 17-30.
[23] 于永彦.基于运动补偿和帧内编码实现视频图像的无损压缩.通信与计算机,2003(4):18-22.
[24] 胡昌华等.基于 MATLAB7.1 的系统分析与设计—小波分析.西安电子科技大学出版社,2004.
[25] 周熠.基于小波分析的嵌入零树静态图像压缩方法.计算机应用与软件,2004 (8):12-16.
[26] 彭进业,俞卞章,等.一种改进的图像自适应零树编码方法.电子学报,2002,30(4):591-593.
[27] 程正兴.小波分析算法与应用.西安:西安交通大学出版社,2001:78-130 178-203.
[28] 胡昌华,张军波,夏军,等.基于 MATLAB 的系统分析与设计一一小波分析。西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2001:24-157.
[29] R. Kutil. Approaches to Zerotree Image and Video Coding on MIMD Architectures.Parallel Computing,2002,28(7):1095 一 1109.
[30]S.Kasaei,M.Deriche,B.Boashash.An Efficient Quantization Technique for Wavelet Coefficients of Fingerprint Images. IEEE Trans. on Signal Processing,1997,62(3):361-366.
[31] S.J.Xiao, X. Q.Jiang, L.Blunt et al.Comparison Study of the Biorthogonal Spline Wavelet Filtering for Areal Rough Surfaces. Machine Tools&Manufacture,2001,41(13 一 14):2103-2111
[32] 郁晓红,姚敏.小波变换及图像压缩编码时小波基选择.计算机应用,2001,21(7):20-22.
[33] 刘宪坤.MPEG-1 视频压缩技术.电子世界,1998,(11):6-10.
[34] ISO/IEC 15444-1:2000, “Information technology-JPEG2000 image codingsystem: Core coding system”, 2000.
[35]B.Pesquet-PopesandV.Bottreau:Three-dimensional lifting schemes for motion-compensated video compression,Proc. IEEE ICASSP (2001),1793-1796.
[36] 王向阳,杨红颖一种新的嵌入零树晓波图像编码算法.通信学报.2002,23(8):113-116.
[37] 钟玉琢,王琪,赵黎,杨小勤.MPEG-2 运动图像压缩编码国际标准及 MPEG 的新进展.北京:清华大学出版社,2002:45-58.
[38] 葛伟.基于小波的图像处理技术的实现与探讨.现代计算机,2002,(139):6-7.
[2] David Salomon.数据压缩原理与应用.北京:电子工业出版社,2003.
[3] Daubichies. Orthonormal bases of compactly supported wavelets,Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics,1988.
[4] Daubechies. Ten Lectures on Wavelets,vol 61 of CBMS-NSF Regional Conference Series in Applied Mathematics,SIAM, Philadelphia, 1992.
[5] S.Mallat.A theory for multiresolution decomposition:representation IEEE Trans Pattn Anal March Intel the wavelet ,1989.
[6] 张宗平,刘贵忠.基于小波的视频图像压缩研究进展,电子学报,2002,30(6):883-889.
[7] 杨福生.小波变换的工程分析与应用.北京,科学出版社,1999.
[8] 臧春峰,崔春姬.静态图像压缩-从 JPEG 到 JPEG-2000.长春理工大学学报,2005.
[9] 程正兴.小波分析算法与应用.西安交通大学出版社,2004.
[10] 马小虎,张明敏等.多媒体数据压缩标准及其实现.北京:清华大学出版社,2004.
[11] D.Taubman, “High Performance Scalable Image Compression With EBCOT”,IEEE Trans.Image Processing, 2000, 9 (7):1158-1170.
[12] S.A.Matucci,ISodagar, T Chiang,Y-Qzhang, “A Zerotree Wavelet video coder”,IEEE Trans.Circuits and Systerms for video tech,1997,7(1):109-108.
[13] X.Yang, K.Rmchandram,“Scalable wavelet video coding alisasing-reduced hierarchical motion compensation [J]”,Image Processing, 2000, 9 (5):778-791.
[14] 石胜飞.小波变换在图像压缩中的应用.电子周刊,2000.10.
[15] 伯小晨,李涛,姚路.MATLAB 工具箱应用指南.电子工业出版社,2000.
[16] 张剑,余胜生.基于零树小波与分形图像编码算法的 JPEG-2000.微型机与应用,2004(1):32-36.
[17] 林刚,刘泽民.基于运动补偿的三维小波视频编码.中国图像图形学报,2004(11):15-18.
[18] VT.Franques,“Wavelet-based embeded zerotree extention to color coding” SPIE,Vol3391-02,2000.
[19] 张晓芸,宋建社,郑永安.视频编码技术研究进展.计算机工程,2004 (7).
[20] 张宗平,刘贵忠,候兴松一种改进的三维小波视频编码.西安交通大学学报,2001(6):12-15.
[21] 贾永兴,余远德,陈鸣.小波图像零树量化算法的研究和改进.数字视频,2001 (5):23-29.
[22] 马社祥,刘贵忠,尚赵伟.基于小波变换的图像和视频压缩编码.工程数学学报,2001(12): 17-30.
[23] 于永彦.基于运动补偿和帧内编码实现视频图像的无损压缩.通信与计算机,2003(4):18-22.
[24] 胡昌华等.基于 MATLAB7.1 的系统分析与设计—小波分析.西安电子科技大学出版社,2004.
[25] 周熠.基于小波分析的嵌入零树静态图像压缩方法.计算机应用与软件,2004 (8):12-16.
[26] 彭进业,俞卞章,等.一种改进的图像自适应零树编码方法.电子学报,2002,30(4):591-593.
[27] 程正兴.小波分析算法与应用.西安:西安交通大学出版社,2001:78-130 178-203.
[28] 胡昌华,张军波,夏军,等.基于 MATLAB 的系统分析与设计一一小波分析。西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2001:24-157.
[29] R. Kutil. Approaches to Zerotree Image and Video Coding on MIMD Architectures.Parallel Computing,2002,28(7):1095 一 1109.
[30]S.Kasaei,M.Deriche,B.Boashash.An Efficient Quantization Technique for Wavelet Coefficients of Fingerprint Images. IEEE Trans. on Signal Processing,1997,62(3):361-366.
[31] S.J.Xiao, X. Q.Jiang, L.Blunt et al.Comparison Study of the Biorthogonal Spline Wavelet Filtering for Areal Rough Surfaces. Machine Tools&Manufacture,2001,41(13 一 14):2103-2111
[32] 郁晓红,姚敏.小波变换及图像压缩编码时小波基选择.计算机应用,2001,21(7):20-22.
[33] 刘宪坤.MPEG-1 视频压缩技术.电子世界,1998,(11):6-10.
[34] ISO/IEC 15444-1:2000, “Information technology-JPEG2000 image codingsystem: Core coding system”, 2000.
[35]B.Pesquet-PopesandV.Bottreau:Three-dimensional lifting schemes for motion-compensated video compression,Proc. IEEE ICASSP (2001),1793-1796.
[36] 王向阳,杨红颖一种新的嵌入零树晓波图像编码算法.通信学报.2002,23(8):113-116.
[37] 钟玉琢,王琪,赵黎,杨小勤.MPEG-2 运动图像压缩编码国际标准及 MPEG 的新进展.北京:清华大学出版社,2002:45-58.
[38] 葛伟.基于小波的图像处理技术的实现与探讨.现代计算机,2002,(139):6-7.