用户名: 密码: 验证码:
基于GIS的矿床空间定位预测研究——以铜陵凤凰山矿田为例
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
面对21世纪对矿产资源需求的严峻形势,矿床空间定位预测研究将面临新的机遇与挑战,随着我国矿产预测工作的规范化、制度化以及各种地学数据的急剧增长,GIS在矿床空间定位预测工作中的应用研究将随着地学信息科学的发展而日益普及和深化。作为于国家“十五”科技攻关项目的部分内容,本文从成矿信息的空间维特征出发,按照“空间信息结构分析——空间数据库的建立——空间数据分析——矿床空间定位预测研究”层层递进的方式,应用GIS新技术作为技术平台来组织有关内容,并以凤凰山矿田为研究实例,结合国家“十五”攻关课题—“大型矿山接替资源探查技术与示范”(编号:2001BA609A-06),做了大量研究性的工作,取得了以下主要成果:
     (1) 在充分分析现代空间信息科学及国内外矿产预测理论和方法的基础上,阐述了空间信息科学与现代矿产预测相结合的理论基础。首先,成矿信息具有空间信息的特点——多样性、复杂性,服从信息运动的规律。其次,虚拟现实技术的出现为矿床空间定位预测的可视化提供了技术支持。
     (2) 在分析GIS空间数据库特点的基础上,将空间数据库分解为属性数据库和图形数据库,采用属性数据库与图形数据库联动管理的空间数据库建库思想,将属性数据库与图形数据库的共同管理纳入GIS的框架下,构建了GIS环境下的空间数据库联动管理系统。
     (3) 在分析GIS空间分析技术发展趋势与传统统计分析方法的基础上,总结归纳了空间分析的几种方法与模型,并对凤凰山矿田进行了大量的成矿空间信息分析研究。
     (4) 利用综合地质找矿模型与综合空间信息模型研究相结合,以地质变量向量长方法为基本算法,实现了凤凰山矿田综合空间信息模型的计算机识别。
     (5) 在总结凤凰山矿田成矿规律的基础上,利用变结构人工神经网络对凤凰山矿田地表进行成矿预测并划分出新的成矿预测单元即凤凰山成矿预测单元、清水塘成矿预测单元、仙人冲成矿预测单元和铁山头成矿预测单元。利用固定结构人工神经网络模型对凤凰山矿田新屋里岩体进行了岩浆侵位反演,结合变结构人工神经网络地表预测的结果,对凤凰山矿田进行了矿床空间定位预测。指出,凤凰山矿田的成矿有利标高在不同的成矿预测单元有较大的变化。
With the demand for mineral resources being intensive, there are many difficulties and challenge faced research on orebody spatial location prognosis. Geographic Information System technology is wide applied, get along with standardization and institutionalization of mineral resources prognosis and with increasing in geo-data, to the orebody location prognosis research .
    The GIS technology is applied based on spatial feature of minerogenic information to information analysis and orebody location prognosis in this article , which is organized according to mode of'structure analyzing of spatial information -construction of spatial data base-spatial data analysis-orebody spatial location prognosis'. Lots of work are carried out on minerogenic information studying of Fenghuangshan ore field. The main contents involved in the paper are as follows:
    (1) The conjoint theoretical basis of the spatial information science and mineral prognosis theory is expanded. In the first place, the minerogenic information have features of information such as multiplicity and complexity , and then, virtual reality technology is made a good tech support for metallogenic prognosis visualization.
    (2) According to character of GIS spatial database, the spatial database is unbound two parts-attributive database and graphic database. Bring forward a new way of communication linkage between the two parts and constructing spatial database linkage managing system based on GIS.
    (3) Spatial analyzing of the minerogenic spatial information in fenghuangshan ore field are carried out after reviewing and summarizing the spatial analysis trend and traditional statistical analysis methods.
    (4) Basing on comprehensive geologic prospecting model and spatial information model and geological variable vector weights, the comprehensive spatial information geologic prospecting model of fenghuangshan ore field is recognized automatically by computer.
    (5) According to the prediction result of Variable Structure Neural Net Mode, metallogenic prediction cells in fenghuangshan ore field are divided, after summarizing the matellogenic laws of the ore field, as follows: fenghuangshan cell, qingshuitang cell, xianrenchong cell and tishantou cell. And then, the orebody
    
    
    locality which is varied to different cell is pointed out with the result of Magmatic Emplacement Process Inversion in fenghuangshan ore field.
引文
[1]张均,陈守余,张玉香.隐伏矿体定位预测中的几个关键问题.贵金属地质1998.7(4):293~301
    [2]董树文,赵逊,张彦英等.21世纪地质科学展望—31届国际地质大会学术启示.地球学报,2001,22(1):1~4
    [3]陈毓川,张之一,项礼文等.90年代地球科学的动向—第30届国际地质大会学术报导.北京:地质出版社1997.155~159
    [4]邓吉牛.地质资料二次开发在矿山找矿中的作用.有色金属地质与勘查,1999(6)
    [5]邓吉牛.21世纪我国金属矿山地质找矿预测新概念探讨.有色金属矿产与勘查,2000.9(1~2).
    [6]江斌,空间和空间认知一略谈空间信息理论的形成,地图,1998,No3
    [7]Goodchild M F. Spatial Analysis Using GIS.NCGIA, 1994.
    [8]SCEC, 2001(SCEC.Report of the April 2000 Work Session On Methodological Issues Involving the Integration of Statistics and Geography[R], Statistical Commission and Economic Commission for Europe Conference of European Statisticians, Switzerland.2000, http://www.unece.org/2001)
    [9]罗国华,地理信息系统导入普查作业之展望,http://www.census.gov/geo/www/tiger/index.html, 2001
    [10]周海燕,王家耀,吴升.空间数据挖掘技术及其应用.测绘通报,2002,No2:11~13
    [11]程裕琪,陈毓川.再论矿床成矿系列问题.中国地质科学院院刊,1993
    [12]陈毓川.中国大型、超大型矿床基本特征.第五届全国矿床会议论文集.北京:地质出版社,1993:164~165
    [13]陈毓川.中国矿床成矿系列.第五届全国矿床会议论文集,北京:地质出版社,1993:89~91
    [14]陈毓川,朱裕生.中国矿床成矿模式.北京:地质出版社,1993
    [15]於崇文.成矿动力系统在混沌边缘分形生长一种新的成矿理论与方法论.地学前缘,2001,8(3):10~28
    [16]陈国达,黄瑞华.成矿构造学.地球科学进展,1991,6(1):60~62
    [17]陈国达,黄瑞华.大地构造成矿学.地球科学进展,1991,6(2):60~62.
    [18]王世称,王於天.综合信息解译原理与矿产预测图编制方法.长春:吉林大学出
    
    版社,1989
    [19]王世称,陈永良,夏立显.综合信息矿产预测理论与方法.北京:科学出版社,2000
    [20]R.H.Sibson. Fault rocks and fault mechanism J. Geo.Sec.London.1990 vol133.p3
    [21]苏红旗,肖克炎,王四龙.基于GIS的证据权重法矿产预测系统(EWM).地质与勘探,1999,35(1):44~46.
    [22]池顺都,吴新林.云南元江地区铜矿GIS预测找矿有利度和空间相关性分析.地球科学,1998,23(1):75~78.
    [23]池顺都,赵鹏大.应用GIS圈定找矿可行地段和有利地段.地球科学,1998,23(2):125~128
    [24]常印佛.长江中下游铜铁成矿带.北京:地质出版社,1991
    [25]李长江,麻土华.矿产勘查中的分形混沌与ANN.北京:地质出版社,1999
    [26]张均.隐伏矿体定位预测的方法学基础及方法论.贵金属地质,2000,9(2):100~104
    [27]彭省临,刘亮明,赖健清等.论生产矿山深、边部隐伏矿定位预测的途径和方法.中国地质学会80周年学术论文集.北京:地质出版社,2002.708~712
    [28]Woodall R. Empiricism and concept in successful mineral exploration[J]. Australian Journal of Earth Science, 1994, 41:1~10
    [29]邬伦.地理信息系统原理.科学出版社,2001
    [30]毋河海,龚健雅.地理信息系统(GIS)空间数据结构与处理技术.测绘出版社,1997
    [31]付炜.GIS属性数据库的关系模式分解研究.陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版),2000,28(2):93~98
    [31]张龙祥,黄正瑞,龙军.数据库原理与设计.北京:人民邮电出版社,2002.205~221
    [32]陈述彭,鲁学军,周成虎.地理信息系统导论.科学出版社,1999,123~128
    [33]张超,陈丙咸,邬伦.地理信息系统.高等教育出版社,1995
    [34]刘光.地理信息系统二次开发教程(组件篇).清华大学出版社,2003
    [35]齐清文.关于多比例尺GIS中数据库多重表达的几个问题.地理研究,1999
    [36]Thomas Devogele. On spatial database integration.Geographical Information science, 1998
    [37]Rongxing Li. Data Structure and Application Issues in 3-D Geographic Information systems.Geoamtics, 1994
    
    
    [38] 宫鹏.城市地理信息系统:方法与应用.中国海外地理信息系统协会,1996
    [39] GB/t 18317-2001,中华人民共和国国家标准,专题地图信息分类与代码,国家质量技术监督局,2001-09-01
    [40] Haining R. GIS and Spatial Analysis.Beijing: Lecture series in Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1999
    [41] 王劲峰,李连发,葛咏等.地理信息空间分析的理论体系探讨.地理学报,2000.55(1)
    [42] 田德森.现代地图学理论.北京:测绘出版社,1991
    [43] 毋河海.地图数据库系统.北京:测绘出版社,1991.
    [44] Haining R.Spatial Data Analysis in the Social and Environmental Science. Cambridge University Press, 1990.
    [45] 李新,冯学智.空间数据分析与空间模型.地理研究,1999,18(2)
    [46] 郭仁忠.空间分析(修订版).北京:高等教育出版社,2001
    [47] 刘兴权,梁艳平.浅析GIS中的空间分析与J立用模型.四川测绘,2001,(4)150~155
    [48] Fischer M.M, Henk J.S, Unwin D Geographic Information Systems, Spatial Data Analysis and Spatial Modeling: an Introduction.In: Fischer M.M. Henk J S, Unwin D.(eds).Spatial Analytical Perspectives On GIS, GISDATA. Taylor and Francis, 1999. P~20
    [49] 郭志刚.社会统计分析方法—SPSS软件应用.北京:中国人民大学出版社,1999.12
    [50] 黄旭钊,徐昆,梁月明.利月Maplnfo综合分析多源地学信息进行矿产预测.地球科学,2001,26(2):189
    [51] 王劲峰.资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室第三届学术委员会第一次会议学术报告,1996.
    [52] 赵鹏大,胡旺亮,李紫金.矿床统计预测.地质出版社,1988
    [53] 程芳,陈守伦2002.水利水电规划方案优选的人工神经网络方法.水电能源科学,20(1):48-50
    [54] Lippmann, R.P. An introduction to computing with neural networks. IEEE ASSP Magazine, 1987, P.4.
    [55] 陈继光,张烨.GPS高程拟合的BP网络结构探讨.水电能源科学,2002,20(1):45-47
    [56] 张立明.人工神经网络的模型及其应用.复旦大学出版社,1993,44
    [57] Mandelbrot B. How long is the coast of Britaina—statistical self-similarity and
    
    fractional dimension. Science, 1967, 156(3775):636~638
    [58] 申维.成矿预测中的分形模型分维数估计的新方法.长春地质学院学报1997
    [59] 肖克炎.试论综合找矿模型.地质与勘探,1994,30(1):41~45
    [60] Gaa'l.G, Koistinen.E, Lehtonch.M. and Tontti.M. Deposit modeling of nickel belt in England. Jour.Math.Geo, 1978, Vol.10.No.5.
    [61] 朱裕生.矿产资源评价方法学导论.地质出版社,1984
    [62] 王於天.成矿预测单元的基本概念及其划分方法.地质论评,1990,36(6):489~493
    [63] 赵海玲.岩浆物理性质和流体动力学.北京:地震出版社,1995.1~5
    [64] 赵海玲.岩浆物理性质和流体动力学研究.地学前缘.1994.1(1~2):104~110
    [65] 杨群周,彭省临.成矿流体压力场的数值模拟及其在成矿预测中的应用.找矿地质论从 2001.16(4):238~242
    [66] 李德元,徐国荣,水鸿寿等.二维非定常流体力学数值方法.北京:科学出版社,1998.312~314
    [67] 薛禹群,朱学愈.地下水动力学.北京:地质出版社,1979.60~63
    [68] 孙雄,洪汉净,马宗晋.构造应力作用下流体运动的动力学分析—构造流体动力学.地球学报,1998.19(2):150-157
    [69] Hubbert M K. Darcy law and the field eqution of the flow undergroud fluids Trans. Amer. Lnst. Min. Metal. Eng. 1956, 207:202—239
    [70] 张达,李东旭.铜陵凤凰山矿田成矿构造应力场模拟研究.地质力学学报,1998.4.(2):91~96
    [71] An Ou, Gao GB, Li qunfang et al. Forecast method for risk area and risk time of strong earthquake by superimposing the residual and present stress field[J]. Crustal Deformation and Earthquake. 1994.14(1):66~73
    [72] 李清元.三维矢量结构GIS拓扑关系及其动态建立.测绘学报,1997,26(3):235~240
    [73] 吴堑虹.利用GIS编制矿产预测图.地质与勘探,2000,36(3):48~50.
    [74] Harlan.J.Onsrud and Gerard Rushton.Sharing Geographic Information. the state university of new Jersey, 1995, 1~7
    [75] Luc Anselin.The future of Spatial Analysis in the Social Sciene. Geographic Information Sciecce, 1999, 5(2):67~76
    [76] Openshaw.S. Some Trends and Futrue Perspectives for Spatial Analysis in GIS. Geographic Information Sciences, 1998, 4(1-2): 5~13
    
    
    [77] Haining.R.P Spatial Data Analysis in the Social and Envionmental Science, Cambridge University Press, 1990
    [78] Cressie.N.A Statistics for spatial data. New York:John Wiley&Sons. 1993
    [79] Can.A.E Geographic Information Systems in Housing and Mortgage Finance. Journal of Housing Research 9(special issue), 1998
    [80] Armstrong.M.P 1994, Requirements for development of GIS-based group decision-support systems. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 45(9)
    [81] Copas.C.V. Spatial information systems for decision support. In Human Factors in Geographical Information Systems, edited by D.Medyckyj-Scott and H.M.Hearnshaw, London:Belhaven Press, 1993
    [82] Yee Leung. Intelligent Spatial Decision Support Systems. Heidelberg:Springer, 1997
    [83] Roschelle.J and Teasley.S.D. The construction of shared knowledge in collaborative problem solving. In Computer Supported Collaborative Learning, edited by C.O'Malley, Springer-Verlag:Berlin, 1995
    [84] C. DERCOLE, D.I. GROVES AND C. M. KNOX-ROBINSON, Using fuzzy logic in a Geographic Information System environment to enhance conceptually based prospectivity analysis of Mississippi Valley-type mineralization, Australian Journal of Earth Sciences (2000) 47, 913~927
    [85] H.H. Asadia, b, M. Haleb, A predictive GIS model for mapping potential gold and base metal mineralization in Takabarea, Iran, Computers & Geosciences 2001(27): 901~912
    [86] LIU Liangming, Peng Shenglin, Yang Qunzhou, etal.Prediction of Location of hidden ore deposits in the aged ore fields: an example from Fenghuangshan ore field, Tonglin, China. Geotectnica et Metallogenia, 2001, 25:132~139
    [87] R. FREIJ-AYOUB, J.L. WALSHE AND H-B. MUHLHAUS, Prediction of rock alteration patterns: a potential, tool in mineral exploration, Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 2000(47): 885~894
    [88] S. J. GARDOLL, D. I. GROVES, C.M. KNOX-ROBINSON, etc. Developing the tools for geological shape analysis, with regional- to local-scale examples from the Kalgoorlie Terrane of Western Australia, Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2000(47): 943~935
    [89] The History of GIS J. Coppock & D. Rhind in Geographical Information
    
    Systems - Principles and Applications Edited by David Maguire, Michael Goodchild and David Rhind. New York. 1995, p.21~43
    [90] Wilson J D 1996.CAD/GIS Convergence.Creating the Next-Generation GIS.GIS WORLD, 1996, (9)
    [91] Zhong Ershun, Song Guanfu, Wang Erqi. Development of a Components GIS based on Applications, Proceedings of IEAS '97 & IWGIS '97, 1997(1): 18~22
    [92] Zola.K.M and Frank L. F Population Desity Sufface:a New Approach to an Old Problem. Society and Natural resources, 2001(14):39~49
    [93] David Matin. An assessment of surface and Zonal models of population. International Journal of GeoGraphical Information Systems. 1996, 10(8):973~989
    [94] ZHANG Jin, GONG Jianya. Hypergraphobased Object-oriented Model and Hypergraph Theory for GIS. Geo-Spatial Information. 2002, 5(1): 37~43
    [95] GUAN Falan. the application of gis in urban planning-environmental zoning study in the old city of wenzhou-china. The Journal of Chinese Geography, 1994, 4(3/4):54~68
    [96] Lesley Wyborn et al., Using GIS for mineral potential evaluation in Areas with few-know mineral occurrences. The second forum on GIS in the geosciences, AGSO, 1995, P.199~211
    [97] Klaus Simon.Does δ D from fluid inclusion in quartz reflect the original hydrothermal fluid. Chemical Geology, 2001, 177, 483~495
    [98] Xiao Xinjian, Gu Lianxing and Ni Pei. Multi-episode boiling in the Shizishan copper-gold deposit at Tongling, Anhui Province:its bearing on ore formation. Science in China(SeriesD), 2002, 45(1): 34~44
    [99] G.Frantziskonis, A. Denis. Complementary Entropy and Wavelet Analysis of Drilling-Ability Data.Mathematical Geology, 2003, 35(1):90~103
    [100] James. W. Babcock. Introduction to geologic ore derposit modeling. Mining Engineering, 1984:1631~1636
    [101] Mandelbrot B B. The fractal geometry of nature. New York:W H Feemanm, 1982
    [102] Mandelbrot B.B. Self-affine fractal sets. In: Fractals in Physics. North-Holland, Amsterdram, 1986, 3~28
    [103] G. Cybenko. Approximation by Superpositions of A Sigmoidan Function. Math. Contr. Signal Sys., 1989, 2 (4): 303~314
    [104] K. I. Funahashi. On The Approximate Realization of Continuous Mapping by
    
    Neural Networks. Intel. Conf. NN, 1989
    [105] K. Hornik. Approximation Capabilities of Multilayer Feedsorward Network. Neural Networks, 1991, 4 (2): 251~257
    [106] S. De Iaco, D.E. Myers, D. Posa. The Linear Coregionalization Model and the Product--Sum Space__Time Variogram.Mathematical Geology, 2003, 35(1):25~38
    [107] Aharonov E, Spiegelman M.Three dimensional flow and reaction in porous media:Implications for the earth's mantle and sedimentary basins. J Geophy. Res., 1997, 102, B7, 14821~14833
    [108] Gu L X, Hu W X, He J X, et al. Regional variations in ore composition and fluid features of massive sulphide deposits in South China:Implications for genetic modeling. Episodes, 2000, 23(2): 110~118
    [109] Turner J.S.Development of geophysical fluid dynamics:The influence of laboratory experiments.Appl.Mech.Rev., 2000, 53, 11~22
    [110] M.Kusakable, Y.Komoda, B.Takano, T.Abiko.Sulfur isotopic effects in the disproportionation reaction of sulfur dioxide in hydrothermal fluids:implications for the δ ~(34)S variations of dissolved bisulfate and element sulfur from active crater lakes[J]. Journal ofvocanology and Geothermal research, 2000, 97, 287~307
    [111] PENG Sheng_lin, YANG Mu, LIU Liang ming.etl. Approaches to location prognosis of concealed ore deposits(bodies) of productive mines. J.CENT.SOUTH UNIV.TECHNOL.2002.9(2): 112~117
    [112] LIU Liang ming, PENG Sheng lin. Mechanical and chemical behavior of intergranular fluids in nonhydrostatically stressed rocks at low temperature Trans.Nonferrous Met. S oc. China. 2001.11 (4):623~627
    [113] HAO Ruixia, PENG Sheng lin. Nonequilibrium thermodynamic model of manganese carbonate oxidation.CHINESE JOURNAL OF GEOCHEMISTRY. 1999.18(1):80~86
    [114] 赖健清,彭省临,王核等.云南省中部富碱斑岩成矿机理探讨.大地构造与成矿学,1997.21(4).362~368
    [115] 谢荣举,彭省临.岩石钾质变化及钾交代与成矿关系.大地构造与成矿学,1998,22(3):271~279
    [116] 赖健清,彭省临.一种新的稀土元素地球化学反演方法及其应用.中南工业大学学报 1995,26(3):290~294
    [117] 彭省临,邵拥军.隐伏矿体定位预测研究现状及发展趋势.大地构造与成矿
    
    学,2001,25(3):329~334
    [118] 刘亮明,王志强,彭省临等,综合信息论在储量危急矿山深边部找矿中的应用,地质科学,2002,37(4):444~452
    [118] 刘亮明,彭省临等.矿山企业持续发展的接替资源战略——兼论黄沙坪铅锌矿的深边部的找矿前景,矿产与地质,1999,13(5):261-263
    [119] 刘亮明,彭省临,张宪润.铜陵凤凰山矿区隐伏床预测研究的主要策略及初步成效.2000年湖南矿物岩石地球化学论丛,长沙:中南大学出版,2000.91-93
    [120] 龚健雅.当代GIS的若干理论和技术.武汉测绘出版社,1999
    [121] 柏延臣.空间数据分析与空间模型.地理研究,1999(2)
    [122] 李裕伟.空间信息技术的发展及其在地球科学中的应用.地学前缘,1998,5(1~2):335~341
    [123] 周东岱,叶水盛,王世称.基于GIS遥感区域构造的空间信息集成研究.地球科学,2001,27(1):55~58
    [124] 何国金,胡德永,从柏林等.卫星遥感数据开采与知识发现的信息论方法.遥感技术与应用,1999,14(3):42~47.
    [125] 李德仁,李清泉.论地球空间信息科学的形成.地球科学进展,1998,13(4):319~326
    [126] 郑贵洲.地理信息系统(GIS)在地质学中的应用.地球科学,1998,23(4):420~423
    [127] 李德仁.空间信息学及其应用——RS,GPS,GIS及其应用.武汉:武汉测绘科技大学出版社,1998
    [128] 赵鹏大,池顺都.初论地质异常.地球科学,1991,16(3):241~248
    [129] 吴传璧,施俊法.勘查战略和矿产勘查.国外地质科技,1999(1):28~35
    [130] 翟裕生,彭润民,邓军等.区域成矿学与找矿新思路.现代地质,2001,15(2):151~156
    [131] 翟裕生.走向21世纪矿床学.矿床地质,2001,20(1):10~14
    [132] 於崇文.成矿动力系统在混沌边缘分形生长一种新的成矿理论与方法论.地学前缘,2001,8(3):10~28
    [133] 彭省临,邵拥军,刘亮明.安徽铜陵凤凰山铜矿矿床成因新认识.矿床地质,2002,21(增刊):443~446
    [134] 陈国达.地洼学说的新进展.北京:科学出版社,1992:111~122
    [135] 陈国达,杨心宜,梁新权.中国华南活化区历史—动力学初步研究.大地构造与成矿学,2001,25(3):228~238
    [136] 陈国达.初议壳体大地构造学.大地构造与成矿学,1998,22(3):185~
    
    190
    [137]陈国达.大地构造研究中的辩证思维.河北地质学院学报,1993,19(6):561~566
    [138]陈国达.多因复成矿床与超大型矿床.第九届国际矿床成因协会《构造—岩浆活化(地洼)》学组讨论会论文摘要,No.3:233
    [139]陈国达.关于多因复成矿床的一些问题.大地构造与成矿学,2000,24(3):199~201
    [140]奥斯特洛夫斯基.目的预测.地质科技参考资料,1993,(17):21~27

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700