高铁车地通信系统级仿真平台设计与多基站协作技术的研究
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摘要
近些年,高速铁路在我国乃至全世界发展迅猛,人们在享受高速快捷的旅行同时,渴望在旅途中也能获得与地面同样的移动网络服务。此外,列控系统离不开车载台与调度台之间的通信,然而,列车在高速运动下,受多普勒频移等影响,通信系统的性能急剧下降,这也为行车安全带来了严重的隐患。因此,研究高速运动对通信系统的影响及提出适宜于高速铁路的通信系统方案,正在成为研究热点。
2008年,3GPP提出了满足ITU制定的IMT-Advanced技术需求的LTE-Advanced,其目标是成为IMT-Advanced的候选技术。如今,LTE-A的发展已经日趋成熟,终有一天,LTE-A会应用于高铁车地通信。现有LTE-A的技术标准是否能满足高铁通信环境下的性能要求,针对高铁通信环境,现有LTE-A系统的通信方案又该做出怎样的改进,成为人们关注的焦点。而验证一个通信方案或通信部署的性能表现离不开系统级仿真。本文正是设计了一种基于高铁车地通信环境,基于LTE-A系统的系统级仿真平台。通过该仿真平台,可以有效的确定某一通信技术对高铁环境下系统性能的影响,在未来可以成为,验证沿高铁线路架构的LTE-A网络部署方案的有效手段。
此外,鉴于多基站协作技术在LTE-A系统中的重要性和其在优化系统性能方面的突出表现,在本文的第二部分,结合高铁通信场景特点,对现有多基站协作技术方案做出修改,利用已设计实现的系统级仿真平台,通过比较不同多基站协作方案对系统性能的影响,分析几种方案的优缺点,并最终提出了适合于高铁场景的多基站协作方案。
Recently, it's amazing that high-speed railway system has rapid developments in China and abroad. People expect to acquire a high quality of mobile communication services as at home while traveling in high-speed. In addition, train control system is based on wireless communication between train and the dispatch center. However, affected by Doppler frequency shift, the quality of communication system degrads while the train moved fast, which results in the serious insecurity of train. To deal with this situation, researches on the impacts over communication exerted by high as well as the possible solution have aroused much concern.
In2008,3GPP suggested LTE-Advanced so as to meet the requirements of IMT-Advanced, and expected it could be a candidate of IMT-Advanced. LTE-A has been under well development now, sooner or later, it will be used in High-speed railway. People wonder whether LTE-A can perform well and whether it should be changed to meet the requirements of High-speed railway. In this paper, a system-level simulation platform for high-speed railway is developed based on LTE-A. The platform can evaluate the performance of the communication system effectively, and is the foundation of designing a communication system which can meet the requirements of High-speed railway.
Apart from that, considering the importance of CoMP in LTE-A as well as its advantage over other technologies, we apply COMP to high-speed railway train-ground communication system. On the basis of the comparison among several CoMP schemes through system-level simulation platform, a CoMP scheme for High-speed railway system is proposed.
2008年,3GPP提出了满足ITU制定的IMT-Advanced技术需求的LTE-Advanced,其目标是成为IMT-Advanced的候选技术。如今,LTE-A的发展已经日趋成熟,终有一天,LTE-A会应用于高铁车地通信。现有LTE-A的技术标准是否能满足高铁通信环境下的性能要求,针对高铁通信环境,现有LTE-A系统的通信方案又该做出怎样的改进,成为人们关注的焦点。而验证一个通信方案或通信部署的性能表现离不开系统级仿真。本文正是设计了一种基于高铁车地通信环境,基于LTE-A系统的系统级仿真平台。通过该仿真平台,可以有效的确定某一通信技术对高铁环境下系统性能的影响,在未来可以成为,验证沿高铁线路架构的LTE-A网络部署方案的有效手段。
此外,鉴于多基站协作技术在LTE-A系统中的重要性和其在优化系统性能方面的突出表现,在本文的第二部分,结合高铁通信场景特点,对现有多基站协作技术方案做出修改,利用已设计实现的系统级仿真平台,通过比较不同多基站协作方案对系统性能的影响,分析几种方案的优缺点,并最终提出了适合于高铁场景的多基站协作方案。
Recently, it's amazing that high-speed railway system has rapid developments in China and abroad. People expect to acquire a high quality of mobile communication services as at home while traveling in high-speed. In addition, train control system is based on wireless communication between train and the dispatch center. However, affected by Doppler frequency shift, the quality of communication system degrads while the train moved fast, which results in the serious insecurity of train. To deal with this situation, researches on the impacts over communication exerted by high as well as the possible solution have aroused much concern.
In2008,3GPP suggested LTE-Advanced so as to meet the requirements of IMT-Advanced, and expected it could be a candidate of IMT-Advanced. LTE-A has been under well development now, sooner or later, it will be used in High-speed railway. People wonder whether LTE-A can perform well and whether it should be changed to meet the requirements of High-speed railway. In this paper, a system-level simulation platform for high-speed railway is developed based on LTE-A. The platform can evaluate the performance of the communication system effectively, and is the foundation of designing a communication system which can meet the requirements of High-speed railway.
Apart from that, considering the importance of CoMP in LTE-A as well as its advantage over other technologies, we apply COMP to high-speed railway train-ground communication system. On the basis of the comparison among several CoMP schemes through system-level simulation platform, a CoMP scheme for High-speed railway system is proposed.
引文
[1]国家发改委,综合交通网中长期发展规划.发改交运[2007]3045号.2007.11
[2]顾列铭.中国快速进入高铁时代.中国证券期货.2010.4
[3]赵新红,赵红军.我国铁路GSM-R的应用和发展.中国铁路,2005.12.
[4]沈嘉,索士强,全海洋，3GPP长期演进(LTE)技术原理与系统设计,人民邮电出版社.2008
[5]ITU-R M.2134.Requirements related to technical performance for IMT-Advanced radio interface.2008.11
[6]肖睿LTE-Advanced及其关键技术,技术前沿,2009.3
[7]杨峰义LTE/LTE-Advanced无线宽带技术.人民邮电出版社.2012.7
[8]华为，HRC高铁信息化解决方案,2010.12
[9]郑凤,无线MIMO系统的预编码技术与协作多点传输技术研究,博士研究生学位论文,2011.12
[10]周祥娟,高速车地宽带无线通信CoMP及其分集技术研究,硕士研究生学位论文,2012.5
[11]Cover T, Gamal A.E, Capacity Theorems for the Relay Channel, IEEE Trans Information Theory,1979.5
[12]A. Sendonaris, E. Erkip. and B. Aazhang, User Cooperation Diversity—Part I:System Description, IEEE Trans. Communications,2003.11
[13]A. Sendonaris, E. Erkip, and B. Aazhang, User Cooperation Diversity—Part II: Implementation Aspects and Performance Analysis, IEEE Trans. Communications, 2003.11
[14]I. Telatar. Capacity of multi-antenna Gaussian channels, European Trans. Telecommunications,1999.6
[15]Nosratinia A, Hunter T.E., Hedayat A, Cooperative Communication in Wireless Networks, IEEE Communication Magazine,2004.10
[16]3GPP REV-080030, "LTE-Advanced Technology Components", Ericsson,3GPP TSG RAN IMT-Advanced Workshop, Shenzhen, China,2008.04
[17]3GPP TR 36.814 v0.4.1,2009.02, "Further Advancements for E-UTRA:Physical Layer Aspects(Release 9)",3GPP TSG RAN,2009.02
[18]3GPP R1-090129, "Further Discussions on the Downlink Coordinated Transmission-Impact on the Radio Interface", Huawei,3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting#55, Ljubljana, Slovenia,2009.01
[19]3GPP R1-090586, "Joint processing downlink CoMP reference signal support", Texas Instruments,3GPP TSG RAN WG1#56, Athens, Greece,2009.02
[20]3GPP R1-100401, "Low complexity UE feedback schemes for downlink CoMP", Philips,3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting#59, Valencia,2010.01
[21]陈晨,李长乐.高速铁路通信系统方案研究综述.计算机工程与应用.2010.6
[22]姜文,中兴通讯高速铁路GSM覆盖解决方案.移动通信,2010.10
[23]佟学俭,罗涛OFDM移动通信技术原理与应用.人民邮电出版社,2003.
[24]胡宏林,徐景3GPP LTE无线链路关键技术.电子工业出版社,2007
[25]Further Advancements for E-UTRA Physical Layer Aspects(Release 9),3GPP TR 36.814 v9.0.0,2010.3
[26]华为技术有限公司,LTE-Advanced关键技术及标准进展,电信网技术,2010.5
[27]IEEE 802.16 Broadband Wireless Access Working Group, IEEE 802.16m Evaluation Methodology Document (EMD),2008.11
[28]孙黎辉,3G无线网络系统级仿真与网络规划,移动通信,2006
[29]张宇,TD-SCDMA可变切换点分析及解决方案，通信世界，2005.06
[30]Physical Channels and Modulation (Release 9),3GPPTR 36.211 v9.1.0,2010.3
[31]G.J.Foschini. Layered Space-time architecture for wireless communication in a fading environment when using multi-element antennas. Bell Labs Technical Journa,1996.08
[32]Becker Randall T,3GPP LTE的预编码和空间多路复用MIMO技术,电子产品世界,2009.9
[33]Wubben, D. Near-maximum-likelihood detection of MIMO systems using MMSE-based lattice reduction, IEEE Transactions on Communications,2004.7
[34]H. Bolcskei. A.Paulraj. "Space-frequency coded broadband OFDM system," in Proc. Of Wireless Communications and Networking Conference,2000
[35]S.M.Alamouti, "A, simple transmit diversity technique for wireless communication", IEEE Journal Select Areas Communication,1998.8
[36]3GPP TS 36.211 V8.3.O Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access(E-UTRA); Physical Channels and Modulation(Release 8)
[37]Stefania Sesia, Issam Toufik and Matthew Baker. LTE-The UMTS Long Term Evolution From Theory to Practice.2009
[38]Nortel, "OFDM Exponential Effevtive SIR Mapping Validation, EESM Simulation
[39]Results for System-Level Performance Evaluations 3GPP TSG RANI,2004.7
[40]骆纯，LTE-Advanced CoMP中联合处理技术及系统性能研究,硕士研究生学位论 文,2010.5
[41]Fujitsu, Different Types of DL CoMP Transmission for LTE-A,3GPP TSG-RAN WG1 Meeting #58, R1-093156,2009.8
[42]Fujitsu, Performance Evaluation of Coherent SU and MU CoMP for LTE-A,3GPP TSG-RAN WG1 Meeting#58, R1-093155,2009.8
[43]3GPP. R1-083686, Views on Coordinated Multipoint Transmission/Reception in LTE-Advanced, NTT DoCoMo,2008.9
[44]朱亚洲,基站协作技术及其在高速铁路宽带无线通信系统中的应用研究,博士研究生学位论文,2011.12
[45]李强,协同多点传输关键技术研究,硕士研究生学位论文,2011.4
[46]3GPP, R1-084377, Downlink Coordinated Transmission-Impact on Specification, Ericsson, TSG RAN WG1#55,2008.11
[47]3GPP, R1-091133, Further Considerations on MBSFN Precoding for DL CoMP, Sharp, 2009.5
[48]3GPP, R1-091988, Further Considerations on Global Procoding, CATT,2009.5
[49]3GPP, R1-084407, Coordinated Multi-Point Transmission-Exploring Possible System Operations and UE Support, Motorola,3GPP TSG RAN WG1#55,2008.11
[50]3GPP R1-090696, Considerations on Precoding Scheme for DL Joint Precessing CoMP. Sharp,3GPP TSG RAN WG1#56.2009.2
[51]苏彦兵,谈振辉,一种空间复用与发射分集相结合的MIMO通信系统,重庆邮电学院学报,2004.6
[2]顾列铭.中国快速进入高铁时代.中国证券期货.2010.4
[3]赵新红,赵红军.我国铁路GSM-R的应用和发展.中国铁路,2005.12.
[4]沈嘉,索士强,全海洋，3GPP长期演进(LTE)技术原理与系统设计,人民邮电出版社.2008
[5]ITU-R M.2134.Requirements related to technical performance for IMT-Advanced radio interface.2008.11
[6]肖睿LTE-Advanced及其关键技术,技术前沿,2009.3
[7]杨峰义LTE/LTE-Advanced无线宽带技术.人民邮电出版社.2012.7
[8]华为，HRC高铁信息化解决方案,2010.12
[9]郑凤,无线MIMO系统的预编码技术与协作多点传输技术研究,博士研究生学位论文,2011.12
[10]周祥娟,高速车地宽带无线通信CoMP及其分集技术研究,硕士研究生学位论文,2012.5
[11]Cover T, Gamal A.E, Capacity Theorems for the Relay Channel, IEEE Trans Information Theory,1979.5
[12]A. Sendonaris, E. Erkip. and B. Aazhang, User Cooperation Diversity—Part I:System Description, IEEE Trans. Communications,2003.11
[13]A. Sendonaris, E. Erkip, and B. Aazhang, User Cooperation Diversity—Part II: Implementation Aspects and Performance Analysis, IEEE Trans. Communications, 2003.11
[14]I. Telatar. Capacity of multi-antenna Gaussian channels, European Trans. Telecommunications,1999.6
[15]Nosratinia A, Hunter T.E., Hedayat A, Cooperative Communication in Wireless Networks, IEEE Communication Magazine,2004.10
[16]3GPP REV-080030, "LTE-Advanced Technology Components", Ericsson,3GPP TSG RAN IMT-Advanced Workshop, Shenzhen, China,2008.04
[17]3GPP TR 36.814 v0.4.1,2009.02, "Further Advancements for E-UTRA:Physical Layer Aspects(Release 9)",3GPP TSG RAN,2009.02
[18]3GPP R1-090129, "Further Discussions on the Downlink Coordinated Transmission-Impact on the Radio Interface", Huawei,3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting#55, Ljubljana, Slovenia,2009.01
[19]3GPP R1-090586, "Joint processing downlink CoMP reference signal support", Texas Instruments,3GPP TSG RAN WG1#56, Athens, Greece,2009.02
[20]3GPP R1-100401, "Low complexity UE feedback schemes for downlink CoMP", Philips,3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting#59, Valencia,2010.01
[21]陈晨,李长乐.高速铁路通信系统方案研究综述.计算机工程与应用.2010.6
[22]姜文,中兴通讯高速铁路GSM覆盖解决方案.移动通信,2010.10
[23]佟学俭,罗涛OFDM移动通信技术原理与应用.人民邮电出版社,2003.
[24]胡宏林,徐景3GPP LTE无线链路关键技术.电子工业出版社,2007
[25]Further Advancements for E-UTRA Physical Layer Aspects(Release 9),3GPP TR 36.814 v9.0.0,2010.3
[26]华为技术有限公司,LTE-Advanced关键技术及标准进展,电信网技术,2010.5
[27]IEEE 802.16 Broadband Wireless Access Working Group, IEEE 802.16m Evaluation Methodology Document (EMD),2008.11
[28]孙黎辉,3G无线网络系统级仿真与网络规划,移动通信,2006
[29]张宇,TD-SCDMA可变切换点分析及解决方案，通信世界，2005.06
[30]Physical Channels and Modulation (Release 9),3GPPTR 36.211 v9.1.0,2010.3
[31]G.J.Foschini. Layered Space-time architecture for wireless communication in a fading environment when using multi-element antennas. Bell Labs Technical Journa,1996.08
[32]Becker Randall T,3GPP LTE的预编码和空间多路复用MIMO技术,电子产品世界,2009.9
[33]Wubben, D. Near-maximum-likelihood detection of MIMO systems using MMSE-based lattice reduction, IEEE Transactions on Communications,2004.7
[34]H. Bolcskei. A.Paulraj. "Space-frequency coded broadband OFDM system," in Proc. Of Wireless Communications and Networking Conference,2000
[35]S.M.Alamouti, "A, simple transmit diversity technique for wireless communication", IEEE Journal Select Areas Communication,1998.8
[36]3GPP TS 36.211 V8.3.O Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access(E-UTRA); Physical Channels and Modulation(Release 8)
[37]Stefania Sesia, Issam Toufik and Matthew Baker. LTE-The UMTS Long Term Evolution From Theory to Practice.2009
[38]Nortel, "OFDM Exponential Effevtive SIR Mapping Validation, EESM Simulation
[39]Results for System-Level Performance Evaluations 3GPP TSG RANI,2004.7
[40]骆纯，LTE-Advanced CoMP中联合处理技术及系统性能研究,硕士研究生学位论 文,2010.5
[41]Fujitsu, Different Types of DL CoMP Transmission for LTE-A,3GPP TSG-RAN WG1 Meeting #58, R1-093156,2009.8
[42]Fujitsu, Performance Evaluation of Coherent SU and MU CoMP for LTE-A,3GPP TSG-RAN WG1 Meeting#58, R1-093155,2009.8
[43]3GPP. R1-083686, Views on Coordinated Multipoint Transmission/Reception in LTE-Advanced, NTT DoCoMo,2008.9
[44]朱亚洲,基站协作技术及其在高速铁路宽带无线通信系统中的应用研究,博士研究生学位论文,2011.12
[45]李强,协同多点传输关键技术研究,硕士研究生学位论文,2011.4
[46]3GPP, R1-084377, Downlink Coordinated Transmission-Impact on Specification, Ericsson, TSG RAN WG1#55,2008.11
[47]3GPP, R1-091133, Further Considerations on MBSFN Precoding for DL CoMP, Sharp, 2009.5
[48]3GPP, R1-091988, Further Considerations on Global Procoding, CATT,2009.5
[49]3GPP, R1-084407, Coordinated Multi-Point Transmission-Exploring Possible System Operations and UE Support, Motorola,3GPP TSG RAN WG1#55,2008.11
[50]3GPP R1-090696, Considerations on Precoding Scheme for DL Joint Precessing CoMP. Sharp,3GPP TSG RAN WG1#56.2009.2
[51]苏彦兵,谈振辉,一种空间复用与发射分集相结合的MIMO通信系统,重庆邮电学院学报,2004.6