基于智能的高速公路交通控制与管理系统研究
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摘要
高速公路以其大流量、快速、安全、舒适等特点已在道路交通中扮演了重要的角色并得以迅速发展，为改善我国交通运输状况及推动国民经济的发展作出了巨大的贡献。然而，交通拥挤及此引起交通延误、交通安全、环境污染及能源消耗等问题严重阻碍着高速公路效益的发挥。研究和实践表明，对高速公路进行交通控制与管理是解决上述问题的有效途径。
高速公路交通控制与管理系统是一个包括人、车、路相互作用的复杂时变巨型系统，按传统的控制方法和常规管理手段很难达到满意的效果。因此，本文以交通控制与管理的集成化、智能化为基本思想，以智能工程(计算机科学、人工智能及系统工程)作为解决巨型复杂问题的方法论，就高速公路交通控制与管理问题展开了系统、深入的研究。概括起来有以下几方面：
1、分析了高速公路交通流模型；研究了高速公路交通控制；论证了传统交通控制方法和策略的局限性，提出了高速公路交通智能控制的思想，并对智能控制策略进行了研究。
2、集成交通控制是高速公路交通控制的最高形式。本文基于智能主体、系统科学及智能控制的理论与方法对高速公路集成交通控制系统进行了研究。首先阐述了智能主体的基本理论，分析了控制系统的基本结构，提出了高速公路交通集成控制系统的集散递阶体系结构。在此基础上建立了高速公路集成交通控制系统MAS模型，并对该MAS中主体的结构模型、构造方法、通信机制和协商机制进行了深入研究。
3、ATMS是ITS的重要组成部分，也是ITS主要应用领域，本文对基于ATMS的高速公路交通控制与管理进行了研究。首先剖析先进交通管理系统(ATMS)，指出ATMS是高速公路交通控制与管理系统智能化发展的方向。然后在分析高速公路交通控制与管理系统功能需求的基础上，提出基于ATMS的高速公路交通控制与管理系统的系统结构，并利用客户机／服务器技术就解决整个系统开放体系结构中的大量数据的集成问题进行了研究。最后，对AIDS作了深入分析，提出
摘要
了集成智能检测算法的思想，并对小波神经网络作了积极的探讨。
4、鉴于我国的高速公路基本上是收费公路，论文对高速公路的收费管理进
行了系统研究。首先综述了收费系统的基本理论和技术;然后对路网环境下的收
费系统进行了深入研究，并对路网环境下收费存在的一些重要问题进行了剖析，
给出相应的对策;最后，对电子收费(ETC)和组合式电子收费技术进行探讨。
5、高速公路通信系统是高速公路交通控制和管理的通信平台，论文先从分
析高速公路通信业务特点入手，深入研究了高速公路通信的组网技术(SDH、1P、
ATM及网络技术的融合)，提出了高速公路智能控制和管理的通信组网技术的优化
选型，并给出了两个案例。
最后，论文总结全文的研究工作，并对今后的研究方向进行了展望。
Characterized as large flux, high speed, safety and comfort, freeway develops rapidly and plays more and more important role in road-based transport system, and has made great contribution to improving the existing transportation situation and promoting the development of the national economy. However, the traffic congestion and the problems resulting from it, such as traffic delay, traffic safety, environment pollution and energy consuming, have constrained badly the effect of freeway transportation. According to relevant study and practices, the traffic control and management to freeway is effective way to solving these problems.
The traffic control and management system of freeway is a Varying with time, large-scale complex system, which includes people, vehicle and road, and the traditional control method and general management means could not reach the satisfied result. Thus, based on integrated and intelligent notion of traffic control and management, regarding intelligence engineering (including computer science, artificial intelligence, systems engineering) as methodology which solves large-scale complex problems, this paper studies deep on the freeway traffic control and management. The main researches can be summed up as following aspects:
1. Analyzing the model of freeway traffic flow , studying the freeway traffic control, demonstrating the limitation of traditional way and tactic in traffic control, putting forward the notion of freeway traffic intelligent control, and studying on the tactic in intelligent control system.
2. The integrated traffic control is the highest traffic control form of freeway, based on theories and methods of intelligent agent, systems science and intelligent control, this paper studies on integrated traffic control system of freeway. Firstly, the paper elucidating the basic theory of intelligent agent, analyzing the basic structure of control system, putting forward the distributed hierarchical architecture of the integrated traffic control system of freeway. And based on these, the paper builds the MAS(Multiagent System) model of the integrated traffic controlling system of freeway, and studies agent construction model, agent constructing methods, multiagent communication and cooperative mechanism in MAS model.
3. ATMS is an important part and main application field of ITS (Intelligent Transportation System), based on ATMS, the paper studies on the freeway traffic control and management system(FTCMS). Firstly, the paper analysis the ATMS (Advanced Traffic Management System), and points out that ATMS will be the direction of the intelligent development of FTCMS. Then, based on the function demand analysis on FTCMS, the paper brings forward the ATMS-based systems structure of FTCMS, by means of the client/server technology, studies the problem of the huge data integrating in the whole open-system architecture. Finally, AIDS(Auto Incident Detection System) is analysed deep, the notion of integrated intelligent detection algorithm is put forward, and the Wave_net is discussed in this paper.
4. Considering that freeway is almost toll-highway in China, the paper studies on the toll management of freeway. Firstly, the paper summarizes the basic theory and technology of the toll system, then, studies toll system under the road-network environment, analyses some important problems existing in toll system under the road-network environment, and
presents the relative measure. Finally, discusses the technology of ETC (Electronic Toll Collection) and combined ETC.
5. The highway communication system was the information platform of freeway traffic control and management. Firstly, the paper analyses the characteristics of freeway communication operation, and studies the freeway buildup-network technology (SDH, IP, ATM, and the integrated network technology). Finally, the paper presents the optimization model of communication buildup-network technology for freeway intelligent controlling and management, and two examples are given.
Finally, conclusions of all resea
高速公路交通控制与管理系统是一个包括人、车、路相互作用的复杂时变巨型系统，按传统的控制方法和常规管理手段很难达到满意的效果。因此，本文以交通控制与管理的集成化、智能化为基本思想，以智能工程(计算机科学、人工智能及系统工程)作为解决巨型复杂问题的方法论，就高速公路交通控制与管理问题展开了系统、深入的研究。概括起来有以下几方面：
1、分析了高速公路交通流模型；研究了高速公路交通控制；论证了传统交通控制方法和策略的局限性，提出了高速公路交通智能控制的思想，并对智能控制策略进行了研究。
2、集成交通控制是高速公路交通控制的最高形式。本文基于智能主体、系统科学及智能控制的理论与方法对高速公路集成交通控制系统进行了研究。首先阐述了智能主体的基本理论，分析了控制系统的基本结构，提出了高速公路交通集成控制系统的集散递阶体系结构。在此基础上建立了高速公路集成交通控制系统MAS模型，并对该MAS中主体的结构模型、构造方法、通信机制和协商机制进行了深入研究。
3、ATMS是ITS的重要组成部分，也是ITS主要应用领域，本文对基于ATMS的高速公路交通控制与管理进行了研究。首先剖析先进交通管理系统(ATMS)，指出ATMS是高速公路交通控制与管理系统智能化发展的方向。然后在分析高速公路交通控制与管理系统功能需求的基础上，提出基于ATMS的高速公路交通控制与管理系统的系统结构，并利用客户机／服务器技术就解决整个系统开放体系结构中的大量数据的集成问题进行了研究。最后，对AIDS作了深入分析，提出
摘要
了集成智能检测算法的思想，并对小波神经网络作了积极的探讨。
4、鉴于我国的高速公路基本上是收费公路，论文对高速公路的收费管理进
行了系统研究。首先综述了收费系统的基本理论和技术;然后对路网环境下的收
费系统进行了深入研究，并对路网环境下收费存在的一些重要问题进行了剖析，
给出相应的对策;最后，对电子收费(ETC)和组合式电子收费技术进行探讨。
5、高速公路通信系统是高速公路交通控制和管理的通信平台，论文先从分
析高速公路通信业务特点入手，深入研究了高速公路通信的组网技术(SDH、1P、
ATM及网络技术的融合)，提出了高速公路智能控制和管理的通信组网技术的优化
选型，并给出了两个案例。
最后，论文总结全文的研究工作，并对今后的研究方向进行了展望。
Characterized as large flux, high speed, safety and comfort, freeway develops rapidly and plays more and more important role in road-based transport system, and has made great contribution to improving the existing transportation situation and promoting the development of the national economy. However, the traffic congestion and the problems resulting from it, such as traffic delay, traffic safety, environment pollution and energy consuming, have constrained badly the effect of freeway transportation. According to relevant study and practices, the traffic control and management to freeway is effective way to solving these problems.
The traffic control and management system of freeway is a Varying with time, large-scale complex system, which includes people, vehicle and road, and the traditional control method and general management means could not reach the satisfied result. Thus, based on integrated and intelligent notion of traffic control and management, regarding intelligence engineering (including computer science, artificial intelligence, systems engineering) as methodology which solves large-scale complex problems, this paper studies deep on the freeway traffic control and management. The main researches can be summed up as following aspects:
1. Analyzing the model of freeway traffic flow , studying the freeway traffic control, demonstrating the limitation of traditional way and tactic in traffic control, putting forward the notion of freeway traffic intelligent control, and studying on the tactic in intelligent control system.
2. The integrated traffic control is the highest traffic control form of freeway, based on theories and methods of intelligent agent, systems science and intelligent control, this paper studies on integrated traffic control system of freeway. Firstly, the paper elucidating the basic theory of intelligent agent, analyzing the basic structure of control system, putting forward the distributed hierarchical architecture of the integrated traffic control system of freeway. And based on these, the paper builds the MAS(Multiagent System) model of the integrated traffic controlling system of freeway, and studies agent construction model, agent constructing methods, multiagent communication and cooperative mechanism in MAS model.
3. ATMS is an important part and main application field of ITS (Intelligent Transportation System), based on ATMS, the paper studies on the freeway traffic control and management system(FTCMS). Firstly, the paper analysis the ATMS (Advanced Traffic Management System), and points out that ATMS will be the direction of the intelligent development of FTCMS. Then, based on the function demand analysis on FTCMS, the paper brings forward the ATMS-based systems structure of FTCMS, by means of the client/server technology, studies the problem of the huge data integrating in the whole open-system architecture. Finally, AIDS(Auto Incident Detection System) is analysed deep, the notion of integrated intelligent detection algorithm is put forward, and the Wave_net is discussed in this paper.
4. Considering that freeway is almost toll-highway in China, the paper studies on the toll management of freeway. Firstly, the paper summarizes the basic theory and technology of the toll system, then, studies toll system under the road-network environment, analyses some important problems existing in toll system under the road-network environment, and
presents the relative measure. Finally, discusses the technology of ETC (Electronic Toll Collection) and combined ETC.
5. The highway communication system was the information platform of freeway traffic control and management. Firstly, the paper analyses the characteristics of freeway communication operation, and studies the freeway buildup-network technology (SDH, IP, ATM, and the integrated network technology). Finally, the paper presents the optimization model of communication buildup-network technology for freeway intelligent controlling and management, and two examples are given.
Finally, conclusions of all resea
引文
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