多波长光纤光源及其腔外电调谐技术研究
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摘要
多波长光纤光源广泛应用于光纤通信、光纤传感、微波光子学等领域。本文研究基于半导体光放大器(SOA)的多波长光纤光源,着重对光源的线宽优化、功率谱平坦化进行了研究。同时,提出利用腔外电调谐技术实现多波长整体调谐的方案,并对此进行了理论分析和初步实验研究。本文的主要内容如下:
一、多波长光纤光源的理论研究
1、建立了多波长光源的基本数学模型。采用SOA有源区分段法对不同SOA驱动电流下多波长光源的稳态输出结果进行了数值模拟。
2、模拟了高双折射(Hi-Bi)光纤环形镜的滤波原理;分析了未泵浦掺铒光纤(EDF)环形镜的窄化线宽原理;研究了多纵模和单纵模激光线宽的测量方法。
3、理论分析了无源和有源反馈机制对多波长光源输出功率谱平坦化的原理。
二、基于SOA的多波长光纤光源的实验研究
1、分别利用Hi-Bi环形镜与窄线宽梳状滤波器作为滤波装置构建了多波长光纤光源,分析比较了不同的多波长输出结果。
2、利用不同长度的未泵浦EDF构建环形镜对多波长光源进行线宽窄化实验,并测得激光线宽为199MHz。
3、对多波长光源的功率谱平坦化进行了实验研究。分别采用无源反馈机制、有源反馈机制、不同SOA级联方法,实现了功率差±3dB以内频率间隔100GHz的31个、36个和38个多波长输出;SOA级联并结合无源反馈机制实现了功率差±1.5dB范围内频率间隔100GHz的32个多波长输出。
三、多波长光纤光源的腔外电调谐技术研究
1、理论分析了单边带(SSB)调制器的工作原理。提出利用射频源驱动SSB调制器实现波长调谐的实验方案。
2、对利用SSB调制器实现单一波长移频进行了实验研究。分别得到移频量为8GHz、10GHz以及12GHz的结果,边带抑制比达20dB。
3、对利用腔外电调谐法实现多波长整体调谐进行了实验研究。在不影响多波长输出频率间隔、线宽大小、功率谱稳定性的情况下,多波长可以整体实现10MHz~12GHz的调谐频率范围,调谐精度由多波长线宽和射频信号精度决定。实验测量了调谐量在8GHz、10GHz以及12GHz时的多波长整体调谐结果。
Multi-wavelength fiber lasers are widely used in front areas, such as fiber optical communication, fiber optical sensor, microwave photonics. A multi-wavelength fiber laser based on semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) is ulteriorly optimized on aspects of linewidth-narrowed and output power-equalized in this thesis. Meanwhile, a novel mechanism of external electrical tuning for multi-wavelength fiber laser is proposed. The preliminary theories and experiment studies on the wavelength tuning technology are carried on. The main contents are summarized as follows:
1. The theory studies on multi-wavelength fiber laser.
1) A basic mathematical model for the multi-wavelength fiber laser is constructed. The steady-state output results with different injected currents of SOA are numerical simulated by the segmentation model of the SOA’s active area.
2) The comb filter and linewidth-narrowed mechanism with un-pumped EDF are theoretically analysed. The methods to measure linewidth of single and multi longitudinal mode lasers are demonstrated.
3) Power-equalized mechanisms with passive optiacal feedback and active optival feedback are discussed respectively.
2. The experiment investigations on multi-wavelength fiber laser.
1) Narrow linewidth F-P filter and a high birefringence fiber loop mirror (Hi-Bi FLM) are used as the filtering devices in the multi-wavelength fiber laser. The differences between them are compared.
2) Different lengths of un-pumped EDF are used as the linewidth-narrowed mechanism in the multi-wavelength fiber laser. The laser linewidth is narrowed to 199MHz using this mechanism.
3) The passive-feedback mechanism, active-feedback mechanism and cascaded SOAs technique are proposed to improve the output channel power equalization. And the output 31, 36 and 38 wavelengths spacing on 100GHz within±3dB are obtained respectively. Furthermore, the output 32 wavelengths spacing on 100GHz within±1.5dB are achieved using the passive-feedback mechanism and cascaded SOAs.
3. Studies on external electrical tuning of multi-wavelength fiber laser.
1) The principle of single-sideband (SSB) modulator is analysed theoretically. A novel experimental method to achieve tunable wavelength fiber laser using SSB modulator with radio frequency (RF) resource is proposed.
2) The experimental studies on single-wavelength shifting by SSB modulator are carried out. Optical SSB modulations of 8GHz, 10GHz and 12GHz single-tuning wavelength with side mode suppression ratio (SMSR) more than 20dB are experimentally obtained.
3) The experiment studies on external electrical tuning are carried out. Experiments indicate that the effects of tuning are equal for each wavelength. The frequency tuning range is from 10MHz to12GHz, and the tuning precision is decided by the linewidth of multi-wavelength fiber laser and RF singal frequency tuning precision. Optical SSB modulations of 8GHz, 10GHz and 12GHz overall-tuning wavelengths with side mode suppression ratio (SMSR) more than 20 dB are experimentally obtained.
一、多波长光纤光源的理论研究
1、建立了多波长光源的基本数学模型。采用SOA有源区分段法对不同SOA驱动电流下多波长光源的稳态输出结果进行了数值模拟。
2、模拟了高双折射(Hi-Bi)光纤环形镜的滤波原理;分析了未泵浦掺铒光纤(EDF)环形镜的窄化线宽原理;研究了多纵模和单纵模激光线宽的测量方法。
3、理论分析了无源和有源反馈机制对多波长光源输出功率谱平坦化的原理。
二、基于SOA的多波长光纤光源的实验研究
1、分别利用Hi-Bi环形镜与窄线宽梳状滤波器作为滤波装置构建了多波长光纤光源,分析比较了不同的多波长输出结果。
2、利用不同长度的未泵浦EDF构建环形镜对多波长光源进行线宽窄化实验,并测得激光线宽为199MHz。
3、对多波长光源的功率谱平坦化进行了实验研究。分别采用无源反馈机制、有源反馈机制、不同SOA级联方法,实现了功率差±3dB以内频率间隔100GHz的31个、36个和38个多波长输出;SOA级联并结合无源反馈机制实现了功率差±1.5dB范围内频率间隔100GHz的32个多波长输出。
三、多波长光纤光源的腔外电调谐技术研究
1、理论分析了单边带(SSB)调制器的工作原理。提出利用射频源驱动SSB调制器实现波长调谐的实验方案。
2、对利用SSB调制器实现单一波长移频进行了实验研究。分别得到移频量为8GHz、10GHz以及12GHz的结果,边带抑制比达20dB。
3、对利用腔外电调谐法实现多波长整体调谐进行了实验研究。在不影响多波长输出频率间隔、线宽大小、功率谱稳定性的情况下,多波长可以整体实现10MHz~12GHz的调谐频率范围,调谐精度由多波长线宽和射频信号精度决定。实验测量了调谐量在8GHz、10GHz以及12GHz时的多波长整体调谐结果。
Multi-wavelength fiber lasers are widely used in front areas, such as fiber optical communication, fiber optical sensor, microwave photonics. A multi-wavelength fiber laser based on semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) is ulteriorly optimized on aspects of linewidth-narrowed and output power-equalized in this thesis. Meanwhile, a novel mechanism of external electrical tuning for multi-wavelength fiber laser is proposed. The preliminary theories and experiment studies on the wavelength tuning technology are carried on. The main contents are summarized as follows:
1. The theory studies on multi-wavelength fiber laser.
1) A basic mathematical model for the multi-wavelength fiber laser is constructed. The steady-state output results with different injected currents of SOA are numerical simulated by the segmentation model of the SOA’s active area.
2) The comb filter and linewidth-narrowed mechanism with un-pumped EDF are theoretically analysed. The methods to measure linewidth of single and multi longitudinal mode lasers are demonstrated.
3) Power-equalized mechanisms with passive optiacal feedback and active optival feedback are discussed respectively.
2. The experiment investigations on multi-wavelength fiber laser.
1) Narrow linewidth F-P filter and a high birefringence fiber loop mirror (Hi-Bi FLM) are used as the filtering devices in the multi-wavelength fiber laser. The differences between them are compared.
2) Different lengths of un-pumped EDF are used as the linewidth-narrowed mechanism in the multi-wavelength fiber laser. The laser linewidth is narrowed to 199MHz using this mechanism.
3) The passive-feedback mechanism, active-feedback mechanism and cascaded SOAs technique are proposed to improve the output channel power equalization. And the output 31, 36 and 38 wavelengths spacing on 100GHz within±3dB are obtained respectively. Furthermore, the output 32 wavelengths spacing on 100GHz within±1.5dB are achieved using the passive-feedback mechanism and cascaded SOAs.
3. Studies on external electrical tuning of multi-wavelength fiber laser.
1) The principle of single-sideband (SSB) modulator is analysed theoretically. A novel experimental method to achieve tunable wavelength fiber laser using SSB modulator with radio frequency (RF) resource is proposed.
2) The experimental studies on single-wavelength shifting by SSB modulator are carried out. Optical SSB modulations of 8GHz, 10GHz and 12GHz single-tuning wavelength with side mode suppression ratio (SMSR) more than 20dB are experimentally obtained.
3) The experiment studies on external electrical tuning are carried out. Experiments indicate that the effects of tuning are equal for each wavelength. The frequency tuning range is from 10MHz to12GHz, and the tuning precision is decided by the linewidth of multi-wavelength fiber laser and RF singal frequency tuning precision. Optical SSB modulations of 8GHz, 10GHz and 12GHz overall-tuning wavelengths with side mode suppression ratio (SMSR) more than 20 dB are experimentally obtained.
引文
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[2] M.G.Littman, H.J.Metcalf, Spectrally narrow pulsed dye laser without beam expa nder. Applied Optics,1978, 17(4):2224-2227.
[3] R.J.Mears, L.Reekie, I.M.Jauncey, et al. Low-noise Erbium-doped fibre amplifier at 1.54μm, Electronics Letters, 1987, 23: 1026-1027.
[4] E.Snitzer, Optical laser action of Nd+3 in a barium crown glass. Physics Review Letters, 1961, 7(12): 444-446.
[5] S.B.Poole, D.N.Payne, M.E.Fermann, Fabrication of low-loss optical fibers containing rare-earth ions. IEEE Electronics Letters, 1985,21(17):730-732.
[6]I.P.Alcock, A.C.Tropper, I.Ferguson. Q-switched operation of a Neodymium-doped monomode fibre laser. IEEE Electronics Letters, 1986,22(2):84-85.
[7]王仕康,薛彬,张江波,声光调Q准连续YAG倍频光泵浦下的燃料激光器研究,中国激光:1987,14(6):340-345
[8] E. Snitzer, E.Po, F.Hakimi, Double clad, offset core Nd fiber laser. in Optical Fiber Sensors, 1988,paper PD5:533-535.
[9]J.D.Kafka, T.Baer, Mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser with soliton pulse shaping. OPTICS LETTERS, 1989, 14(22):1269-1270.
[10]王俊毅,160Gb/s高速OTDM系统及其传输性能的研究,[硕士学位论文],湖北:华中科技大学,2007
[11]高存孝,朱少岚,冯莉,用于分布式光纤传感的全光纤激光器,中国激光,2010,37(6),1501-1504.
[12] www.oequest.com.
[13]Shutaro Ishida, Norihiko Nishizawa, Takefumi Ohta, et al. Ultrahigh-resolution optical coherence tomography in 1.7μm region with fiber laser supercontinuum in low-water absorption samples. Applied Physics Express, 2011, 4: 052501.
[14] Chuan Wang, Guohua Shi, Yudong Zhang. All-fiber ring-cavity based frequency swept laser source for frequency domain OCT. Chinese Optics Letters, 2010, 8(2):202-205.
[15]陈国杰,ROF系统中光学产生毫米波及相关技术的研究,[博士学位论文],湖北:华中科技大学,2009.
[16] Jun-ichi Kani, Katsumi Iwatsuki. A Wavelength-Tunable Optical Transmitter Using Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers and an Optical Tunable Filter for Metro/Access DWDM Applications. JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY, 2005,23(3):1164-1169.
[17] Xiaopeng Dong, Yong Chen. Novel discretely tunable narrow linewidth f iber laser with uniform wavelength spacing. Chinese Optics Letters, 2007, 5(4):218-210.
[18]Daru Chen, Shan Qin, Ying Gao. Wavelength-Spacing tunable multi-wavelength fiber laser based on hybrid gain medium and Mach-Zehnder Interferrometer.
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