电励磁同步电机双三电平矢量控制系统研究及其应用
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摘要
随着能源危机的日益严重和国家“节能减排”的要求,迫切需要大功率传动设备的更新换代。电励磁同步电机由于具有过载能力强、效率高、功率因数可调等优点,在许多大型设备驱动上广泛应用。研发高性能的电励磁同步电机双三电平矢量控制系统,可实现节能调速和绿色环保的高度结合,具有极高的社会效应和经济价值。
本文以双三电平拓扑结构作为主回路,在此基础上研究了二极管箝位型三电平功率变换器、三电平脉宽调制(PWM)整流器、电励磁同步电机矢量控制以及无速度传感器控制策略。
对于二极管箝位型三电平功率变换器,采用一种基于参考电压矢量平移的简化三电平空间矢量脉宽调制(SVPWM)算法,针对其固有的中性点电位平衡问题,给出了四象限运行双三电平功率变换器中点电位自适应控制统一算法。同时介绍了系统采用的多总线控制体系架构以及控制器硬件功能与实现方案。
针对PWM整流器采用传统虚拟磁链定向时无法真正达到动、静态解耦控制缺陷,本文在三电平PWM整流器数学模型的基础上,提出了PWM整流器虚拟定子磁链定向控制策略,可实现动态削弱交叉耦合量影响,稳态完全解耦的控制目标,而且对进线电感参数具有良好的鲁棒性。同时提出了基于d - q坐标系虚拟定子磁链观测模型。对比分析了PWM整流器在虚拟定子磁链定向方式和在虚拟气隙磁链定向方式下的控制性能,并提出了网侧无功电流控制策略。
通过对电励磁同步电机数学模型的分析,建立了电励磁同步电机气隙磁链定向矢量控制系统。详细分析了电励磁同步电机磁场饱和效应产生本质,提出了基于q轴折算思想的凸极同步电机饱和数学模型,并在此基础上提出了考虑饱和效应影响的闭环混合气隙磁链观测模型,对比分析了气隙磁链观测器分别采用线性磁场电流模型与非线性磁场电流模型时对矢量控制系统运行量的影响。分析了电励磁同步电机凸极效应和电枢反应对系统的影响,提出了基于任意旋转坐标系的转子励磁电流与定子激磁电流统一控制策略,可实现气隙磁链的动态快速补偿及稳态有效控制。
针对特殊场合编码器的使用可能带来的不便与弊端,提出了考虑阻尼电流影响电励磁同步电机有效磁链观测模型,并在此基础上实现了转子位置和转速辨识。
依托本论文的研究成果,电励磁同步电机双三电平矢量控制系统已经在开滦集团、永煤集团、平煤集团等多个矿井得到广泛应用,取得了良好的社会和经济效益。
该论文有图118幅,表11个,参考文献202篇。
With more and more serious energy crisis and the requirement of energy saving and emission reduction in our country, the high-power drive equipment is urgently required to be upgraded. Electrically excited synchronous motors are widely used in a lot of large equipment drive systems because of their advantages, such as strong overload capacity, high efficiency and adjustable power factor, etc. Dual three-level vector control system of high-performance electrically excited synchronous motor can simultaneously realize both energy-saving speed regulation and environment protection. For this reason, the research and development of this system has significant social effect and economic value.
In this thesis, dual three-level electrically excited synchronous motor with air-gap flux oriented vector control system is studied. Based on the three-level space-vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) algorithm with reference voltage translation, a strategy of balancing the neutral-point potential self-adaption unification algorithm for four-quadrant operation dual three-level converters is introduced, and the three-level pulse width modulation (PWM) rectifier virtual stator flux oriented control strategy is proposed. In addition, the virtual stator flux observer model in d ? qcoordinate system is used. Meanwhile, the reactive current control strategy on grid-side is proposed. The saturation mathematical model of salient pole synchronous motor base on q axis conversion idea is proposed, and then the closed-loop hybrid air-gap flux estimator model considering saturation effect is proposed on these basis. Besides, the salient effect and armature reaction of electrically excited synchronous motor effects the system is analyzed and the control strategy of the rotor field current and the stator exciting current in arbitrary rotation coordinate system is proposed. Due to inconvenience and drawback caused by the encoder used in special occasions, the electrically excited synchronous motor sensorless strategy is proposed.
本文以双三电平拓扑结构作为主回路,在此基础上研究了二极管箝位型三电平功率变换器、三电平脉宽调制(PWM)整流器、电励磁同步电机矢量控制以及无速度传感器控制策略。
对于二极管箝位型三电平功率变换器,采用一种基于参考电压矢量平移的简化三电平空间矢量脉宽调制(SVPWM)算法,针对其固有的中性点电位平衡问题,给出了四象限运行双三电平功率变换器中点电位自适应控制统一算法。同时介绍了系统采用的多总线控制体系架构以及控制器硬件功能与实现方案。
针对PWM整流器采用传统虚拟磁链定向时无法真正达到动、静态解耦控制缺陷,本文在三电平PWM整流器数学模型的基础上,提出了PWM整流器虚拟定子磁链定向控制策略,可实现动态削弱交叉耦合量影响,稳态完全解耦的控制目标,而且对进线电感参数具有良好的鲁棒性。同时提出了基于d - q坐标系虚拟定子磁链观测模型。对比分析了PWM整流器在虚拟定子磁链定向方式和在虚拟气隙磁链定向方式下的控制性能,并提出了网侧无功电流控制策略。
通过对电励磁同步电机数学模型的分析,建立了电励磁同步电机气隙磁链定向矢量控制系统。详细分析了电励磁同步电机磁场饱和效应产生本质,提出了基于q轴折算思想的凸极同步电机饱和数学模型,并在此基础上提出了考虑饱和效应影响的闭环混合气隙磁链观测模型,对比分析了气隙磁链观测器分别采用线性磁场电流模型与非线性磁场电流模型时对矢量控制系统运行量的影响。分析了电励磁同步电机凸极效应和电枢反应对系统的影响,提出了基于任意旋转坐标系的转子励磁电流与定子激磁电流统一控制策略,可实现气隙磁链的动态快速补偿及稳态有效控制。
针对特殊场合编码器的使用可能带来的不便与弊端,提出了考虑阻尼电流影响电励磁同步电机有效磁链观测模型,并在此基础上实现了转子位置和转速辨识。
依托本论文的研究成果,电励磁同步电机双三电平矢量控制系统已经在开滦集团、永煤集团、平煤集团等多个矿井得到广泛应用,取得了良好的社会和经济效益。
该论文有图118幅,表11个,参考文献202篇。
With more and more serious energy crisis and the requirement of energy saving and emission reduction in our country, the high-power drive equipment is urgently required to be upgraded. Electrically excited synchronous motors are widely used in a lot of large equipment drive systems because of their advantages, such as strong overload capacity, high efficiency and adjustable power factor, etc. Dual three-level vector control system of high-performance electrically excited synchronous motor can simultaneously realize both energy-saving speed regulation and environment protection. For this reason, the research and development of this system has significant social effect and economic value.
In this thesis, dual three-level electrically excited synchronous motor with air-gap flux oriented vector control system is studied. Based on the three-level space-vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) algorithm with reference voltage translation, a strategy of balancing the neutral-point potential self-adaption unification algorithm for four-quadrant operation dual three-level converters is introduced, and the three-level pulse width modulation (PWM) rectifier virtual stator flux oriented control strategy is proposed. In addition, the virtual stator flux observer model in d ? qcoordinate system is used. Meanwhile, the reactive current control strategy on grid-side is proposed. The saturation mathematical model of salient pole synchronous motor base on q axis conversion idea is proposed, and then the closed-loop hybrid air-gap flux estimator model considering saturation effect is proposed on these basis. Besides, the salient effect and armature reaction of electrically excited synchronous motor effects the system is analyzed and the control strategy of the rotor field current and the stator exciting current in arbitrary rotation coordinate system is proposed. Due to inconvenience and drawback caused by the encoder used in special occasions, the electrically excited synchronous motor sensorless strategy is proposed.
引文
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