连续梁桥平转施工关键问题研究
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摘要
随着近年来公路铁路基础设施建设的快速发展,我国路网密度明显增加,新建桥梁与现有公路、铁路的立体交叉问题日益常见。为了减少上行桥梁施工对下行交通(特别是铁路运行)的影响,采用平转施工的连续梁桥越来越多。连续梁桥平转施工时,转体段一般采用支架现浇的方法进行制作,其合理分段长度及支架拆除方式对结构的影响、转体过程的安全及稳定监测等问题,目前国内相关研究较少。为此,本文依托山西省交通厅2010年科技计划“大跨度超万吨级连续箱梁桥转体关键技术研究”及长平高速公路微子立交桥平转工程做了如下工作:
①针对转体段分段支架施工,分析了不同分段长度对主梁受力性能的影响,计算和比较了混凝土收缩、徐变效应、预应力张拉效应及主梁应力和位移随分段长度变化的规律。
②在现浇梁与底模支架之间不同摩阻系数、不同模板约束的条件下,计算了预应力筋张拉时主梁的应力和位移,分析和讨论了梁体有效应力与上述多种因素的关系,提出了降低底模支架摩阻力的措施。
③分析了支架现浇施工过程中支架受力的变化过程,讨论了一次拆架和分节段拆架对桥梁施工监控的影响;研究和比较了依托工程不同拆架方式下主梁受力、主梁位移、支架受力,讨论了各种拆架方式的利弊,提出了一种优化的拆架方案,并在依托工程中得到成功应用。
④通过对微子立交桥转体过程的监测与分析,提出转体过程的控制要点和注意事项。
With the rapid development of road and rail infrastructure in recent years, the density of the road network is significantly increased, which commonly leads to the flyover crossing between the new built bridge and the old roads and railways. The adoption of horizontal swing construction for the continuous beam bridge seems more rational in order to reduce the influence to the down traffic caused by bridge construction, especially the impact on railways. The segments generally are casted on the scaffold before horizontal swing construction, therefore the reasonable segment length and scaffold demolition sequence which are studied less at home and abroad may cause some influence on the structure, the construction safety, the monitoring and so on.Therefore, the relevant research has been carried out on the scientific and technological project of Shanxi communications department (Key technology research on horizontal swing construction of long-span continuous box-girder bridge for super DWT) and a real case of the Weizi overpass project in Shanxi Changping expressway, including following work.
①The influence on the internal force caused by variant length of segment is analyzed ,and so do with the effects of shrinkage and creep of concrete , prestressed effect, the relationship between and segment length.
②The displacement and stress of the beam has been got with different friction, different constraint caused by the formwork. The influence on the effective stress is discussed with the variable friction coefficients and constraint,and the measures to reduce friction coefficients between the girder and the scaffold are proposed.
③The variance process of internal force of the scaffold is discussed in detail when construction, meanwhile the different sequences of the scaffold removal in one time or several times which affect construction monitoring are also covered.Based on the calculation of different sequences,the displacement and stress of the beam, the internal force of the scaffold are got ,and the advantages and disadvantages are compared among the different sequences, finally a optimal removal sequence is proposed and successfully applied in the actual project.
④The key points and considerations have been proposed through the Weizi overpass monitoring and analysis.
①针对转体段分段支架施工,分析了不同分段长度对主梁受力性能的影响,计算和比较了混凝土收缩、徐变效应、预应力张拉效应及主梁应力和位移随分段长度变化的规律。
②在现浇梁与底模支架之间不同摩阻系数、不同模板约束的条件下,计算了预应力筋张拉时主梁的应力和位移,分析和讨论了梁体有效应力与上述多种因素的关系,提出了降低底模支架摩阻力的措施。
③分析了支架现浇施工过程中支架受力的变化过程,讨论了一次拆架和分节段拆架对桥梁施工监控的影响;研究和比较了依托工程不同拆架方式下主梁受力、主梁位移、支架受力,讨论了各种拆架方式的利弊,提出了一种优化的拆架方案,并在依托工程中得到成功应用。
④通过对微子立交桥转体过程的监测与分析,提出转体过程的控制要点和注意事项。
With the rapid development of road and rail infrastructure in recent years, the density of the road network is significantly increased, which commonly leads to the flyover crossing between the new built bridge and the old roads and railways. The adoption of horizontal swing construction for the continuous beam bridge seems more rational in order to reduce the influence to the down traffic caused by bridge construction, especially the impact on railways. The segments generally are casted on the scaffold before horizontal swing construction, therefore the reasonable segment length and scaffold demolition sequence which are studied less at home and abroad may cause some influence on the structure, the construction safety, the monitoring and so on.Therefore, the relevant research has been carried out on the scientific and technological project of Shanxi communications department (Key technology research on horizontal swing construction of long-span continuous box-girder bridge for super DWT) and a real case of the Weizi overpass project in Shanxi Changping expressway, including following work.
①The influence on the internal force caused by variant length of segment is analyzed ,and so do with the effects of shrinkage and creep of concrete , prestressed effect, the relationship between and segment length.
②The displacement and stress of the beam has been got with different friction, different constraint caused by the formwork. The influence on the effective stress is discussed with the variable friction coefficients and constraint,and the measures to reduce friction coefficients between the girder and the scaffold are proposed.
③The variance process of internal force of the scaffold is discussed in detail when construction, meanwhile the different sequences of the scaffold removal in one time or several times which affect construction monitoring are also covered.Based on the calculation of different sequences,the displacement and stress of the beam, the internal force of the scaffold are got ,and the advantages and disadvantages are compared among the different sequences, finally a optimal removal sequence is proposed and successfully applied in the actual project.
④The key points and considerations have been proposed through the Weizi overpass monitoring and analysis.
引文
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[3]雷俊卿.桥梁悬臂施工与设计[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1999:7～7.
[4]Kristek V. Theory of Box Girders[M].NewYork:John Wiley&Sons,1979:44～46.
[5]J.R.Libby. Modern Prestressed concrete [M].Van Nostrand Reinhold Company,1977:44～46.
[6]Matt, P. Status of Segmental Bridge Construction in Europe[J].PCI Journal,1983 (7).
[7]刘夏平.桥梁工程.北京:科学出版社,2005.
[8]李坚.我国预应力混凝土连续梁桥的发展与工程实践[J].中国市政工程,1999,(4), 14～21.
[9]朱德强,邵嘉波,刘海峰,张军.预应力混凝土梁桥的发展[J].黑龙江交通科技,2001(,5), 44～45.
[10]张联燕,程懋方,谭邦明等.桥梁转体施工[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2002.
[11]陈宝春,孙潮,陈友杰.桥梁转体施工方法在我国的应用与发展[J].公路交通科技,2001,18(2):24～28.
[12]刘剑萍,角本周,成泽邦彦.神原溪谷大桥的竖向转体施工[J].世界桥梁,2003(3):1～4.
[13]周广伟,黄龙华.桥梁转体施工技术[J].华东公路,2007(3):8～10.
[14]王同民.单球铰转体斜拉桥自平衡体系简介[J].公路交通技术,2008(3):84～86.
[15]傅科奇.绥芬河转体施工斜拉桥施工控制的研究[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2006.
[16]秦立方,梁来.贵阳都拉营T构桥水平转体施工技术[J].施工技术,2000(6):38～39.
[17]杨振江,巩天才.高架斜拉桥跨越铁路转体施工技术[J].铁道建筑,2004(11):3～5.
[18]徐生桥,陈国立,柳学发等.北京市五环路曲线斜拉桥转体施工设计[J].铁道标准设计,2003(10):1～5.
[19]周文胜,朱根云,许柏民. G312跨沪宁高速公路跨线桥转体施工[J].桥梁建设,2004(1):47～50.
[20]余常俊,刘建明,张翔,贺厚.客运专线上跨既有繁忙干线铁路连续梁水平转体施工关键技术[J].铁道标准设计,2009(12): 46～51.
[21]李拉普.跨线连续箱梁桥平面转体施工技术[J].铁道标准设计,2009(8):55～57.
[22]薛军.大纵坡弯斜桥梁水平转体施工转盘工艺革新与安装[J].铁道勘察,2007(5):83～85.
[23]徐岳,王亚君,万振江.公路桥梁设计丛书-预应力混凝土连续梁桥设计[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2000:8～8.
[24]蔚建华,柴金义.预应力混凝土桥梁施工技术要点[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2004:265～266.
[25]中铁第五勘察设计院集团有限公司.山西省长治市长安高速上跨邯长铁路立交桥工程施工图设计.第二册,2010.7.
[26]葛耀君.分段施工桥梁分析与控制[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2003.
[27]马保林,李子晴.高墩大跨连续刚构桥[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2001:11～11.
[28]公路桥涵设计通用规范(JTG D-60-2004).中华人民共和国交通部.2004.6
[29]公路钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土桥涵设计规范(JTG D62-2004).中华人民共和国交通部.2004.4.
[30]张继尧,王昌将.悬臂浇筑预应力混凝土连续梁桥[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2004:2～2.
[31]周履,陈永春.收缩徐变[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1994,01.
[32]杨高中.桥梁非线性温度与收缩内力的一个解法[J].公路工程,1979(3).
[33]M.M.Elbadry,A.Ghali,Temperature variation in concrete engineering[J].vol.109(10),October,1983.
[34]S.Timoshenko,J.N.Goodier.弹性理论[M].北京:人民教育出版社,1964.
[35]J.C.Reynolds and J.H.Emanuel.Thermal Stress and Movements in Bridges.Journal of the Structure Division,ASCE.Vol.100,No STI,Proc[J].Jan,1974.
[36]朱世峰.多跨连续刚构桥结构线形控制与合拢技术研究[硕士学位论文].重庆交通大学,2008.
[37]中华人民共和国国家标准.混凝土结构设计规程(GB50010-2002)[S].北京:中国建筑出版社,2002.
[38]R.Nicholls.Composite Construction Materails Handbook.1976.
[39]朱新实.刘效尧.公路桥涵设计手册—预应力技术及材料设备(第二版)[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2005:266-267.
[40]刘山洪.李放.简明预应力混凝土桥梁施工手册[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2006:221-221.
[41]周志祥,范亮,吴海军.预应力混凝土桥梁新技术探索与实践[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2004.
[42]周水兴.何兆益,邹毅松.路桥施工计算手册[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2001:436～436.
[43]范立础.徐光辉.桥梁工程(上册)[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2001:325～325,332～332.
[44]庄军生.桥梁支座(第二版)[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2000:124～124.
[45]杨飞跃,李新平.预应力连续曲线箱梁施工过程中端横梁裂缝产生的原因分析及验证[J].中外公路,2005,25(2):79～79.
[46]陈五四.大体积、高截面箱梁分次浇注内力影响研究[硕士学位论文].重庆交通大学,2008.
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