基于数字信号处理的电磁无损检测试验装置研究
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摘要
以电磁无损检测自动系统为代表的快速电磁无损检测系统在现代化工业生产中广泛的应用,实现了对金属工件产品质量的快速实时检测与控制,这一发展趋势推动了快速、数字化的电磁无损检测设备的研究。我们课题组在WGF-X系列微机式钢铁材质自动分选仪的基础上探索研究能够适应电磁无损检测自动线的高速数字化的电磁无损检测设备。为此,本课题开始以数字信号处理器为核心电磁无损检测试验装置的研究。
由于电磁检测对多种参数的敏感反应,必须消除检测过程中的多种干扰因素。本试验装置采用实时数字信号处理技术,通过对信号在频域内进行分析,提取待检测参数的相关信号,从而达到对金属件进行快速检测的目的。
本文详细论述了基于数字信号处理的电磁无损检测试验装置的理论基础,详细介绍了前置模拟系统的具体设计步骤以及数字信号处理系统的硬件和软件设计思路及实现。最后,本文提供脉冲信号输入时在CSS2.0调试平台下的频谱图,并且对螺栓工件进行测试,但由于时间等多方面的原因数字信号处理器在电磁无损检测中的优越性能没有得到体现。
The electromagnetic nondestructive-testing system, which has been representative for the fast electromagnetic nondestructive-testing equipment, has been widely used in industry .It realizes rapid real-time testing and control for quality of metal work pieces. Which has been promoting the research of fast and digital NDT device. Our research group has been digging into the testing device of NDT based on series of WGF-X (steel and iron auto-separation device of embedded SCM). So, I have been beginning to research NDT based on digital signal processor.
All kinds of disturbance should be eliminated, because there have been multifarious influences in the process of testing. By analyzing in the frequency domain and using real-time digital signal processing technology in the testing device, correlative signal of testing parameter was picked-up, accordingly realized rapid testing of metal work pieces.
This paper has discussed the theory of electromagnet nondestructive testing device based on digital signal processing, and has introduced detailed design of front analog device, hardware and software of digital signal processor device. Finally frequency spectrum chart based on Code Composer Studio 2.0 was offered and a series of bolts was tested. For all kinds of reasons, the advantage of digital signal processor applying to NDT didn’t embodied.
由于电磁检测对多种参数的敏感反应,必须消除检测过程中的多种干扰因素。本试验装置采用实时数字信号处理技术,通过对信号在频域内进行分析,提取待检测参数的相关信号,从而达到对金属件进行快速检测的目的。
本文详细论述了基于数字信号处理的电磁无损检测试验装置的理论基础,详细介绍了前置模拟系统的具体设计步骤以及数字信号处理系统的硬件和软件设计思路及实现。最后,本文提供脉冲信号输入时在CSS2.0调试平台下的频谱图,并且对螺栓工件进行测试,但由于时间等多方面的原因数字信号处理器在电磁无损检测中的优越性能没有得到体现。
The electromagnetic nondestructive-testing system, which has been representative for the fast electromagnetic nondestructive-testing equipment, has been widely used in industry .It realizes rapid real-time testing and control for quality of metal work pieces. Which has been promoting the research of fast and digital NDT device. Our research group has been digging into the testing device of NDT based on series of WGF-X (steel and iron auto-separation device of embedded SCM). So, I have been beginning to research NDT based on digital signal processor.
All kinds of disturbance should be eliminated, because there have been multifarious influences in the process of testing. By analyzing in the frequency domain and using real-time digital signal processing technology in the testing device, correlative signal of testing parameter was picked-up, accordingly realized rapid testing of metal work pieces.
This paper has discussed the theory of electromagnet nondestructive testing device based on digital signal processing, and has introduced detailed design of front analog device, hardware and software of digital signal processor device. Finally frequency spectrum chart based on Code Composer Studio 2.0 was offered and a series of bolts was tested. For all kinds of reasons, the advantage of digital signal processor applying to NDT didn’t embodied.
引文
樊景云,万国庆.铝合金硬度的快速无损检测.中国有色金属报.1998,8(1): 61~65
万国庆, 樊景云.钢铁件热处理质量的快速无损检测技术.黑龙江科技出版社,1987: 25~40
Lin junming. Improvement on On-line Eddy Current Equipment for Steel Tubes Inspection. None Destructive Detection, 1992 ,(1): 35~39
任吉林.我国涡流检测技术的发展.无损检测,1994,16(10): 28~31
任吉林,武太峰.现代无损检测技术的展望.无损探伤,1993, (6): 1~5
李雨润. 涡流无损检测技术进展. 无损探伤,1999,29(2): 34~37
叶建武,樊景云等.WGF-E型电磁无损检测仪的研制.无损探伤.2000 ,(1): 20~23
冉在芳.无损检测的分类及特征简介.无损检测,1999,21(2): 35~37
RoberrlJ.Lord,Assessment of penetrate and eddy current methods for the detection of small cracks. Materials E-vauation, 1993, 51 (10):1090~1094
E.S. Boltz and T.C. Tierny.New electromagnetic sensors for detection of subsurface cracking and corrosion. Review of Progress in QNDE, 1998, (17):1033~1038
Dipl. Ing. Hartmut Vallen. AE Testing Fundamentals,Equipment, Applications. NDT&E , 2002, 7(9):1023~1030
W. Avrin .Magnetoresistive eddy-current sensor for detecting deeply buried flaws. Review of Progress in QNDE, 1996 , (15):1145~1150
林俊明等.低频/电磁无损检测技术的研究.无损探伤.2002,24(1):30~32
金建华等.基于磁性传感器信息融合的油管损伤在线检测技术.无损检测.2002,24(9):375~380
游凤荷.涡流检测技术的某些新进展. 无损检测, 2001,23(3):21~25
林俊明等.再谈智能高速在线涡流探伤系统的研发.无损检测.2002,24(3):108~109
刘兆江,马迪峰.近表面裂纹的低频涡流检查.无损检测.2000,22(3):131~133
陈建忠,史耀武. 无损检测交变磁场测量法. 无损检测.2001,23(3):96~99
吴平川等.钢材表面的无损检测技术与应用.无损检测.2000,22(7):312~315
武新军等.数字化油管井口无损检测系统.无损检测.2002,24(1):422~424
Klyuev vv.Ecological diagnostica—one of the most important NDT activities in the 21st century[M/CD].Proc of 15th WCNDT. Rome:2000.451
Gallant S. I. Perception-based learning algorithms. IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks. 1990,1(2):179~191
Hun-tang Chao and Ching-cheng Teng. A fuzzy neural network based extended Kalman filter. International Jorunal of Systems Science,1996,27(3):333~339
施克仁,何朝珲.人工神经网络在涡流检测信号中的应用.无损检测.1996,19(7):199~201
Edward Szczerbicki. Decision trees and neural networks for reasoning and Knowledge acquisition for autonomous agents. International Journal of Systems Science, 1996,27(2):233~239
Hagan MT, Mengaj M. Training Feedforward networks with the Marquardt algorithm. IEEE Trans Neural Networks, 1994,5(6):989-993
R.M. Sanner and J. J.E. Slotine, Gaussian networkd for direct adaptive control. IEEE Trans. Neural Networks,3(11):837-863
Masnata A, Sensen M. Neural network classifiction of flaws detected by ultrasonic means. NDT&E , 1996, 29(3):87-93
陈国华. 模糊理论在焊缝缺陷质量等级中的应用研究.无损检测,1998,20(2):39~41
DaubechiesI. The wavelet transform time-frequency localization and signal analysis.IEEETrans(Information Theory),1990,36(9):961-1004
刘镇清等.小波变换及应用.无损检测.2001,23(4):174~177
张晓春.小波变换在无损检测中的应用.无损检测,997,19(3):96~98
林俊明.多频涡流检测原理及应用.无损检测.1996,18(1):23~26
张宏海,李成中.嵌入式实时系统.安徽工业大学学报,2003,20(1):58~61
何熙文,李海波等.关于微处理器研发及性能的一些新动态.微处理机,2002, (3):1~3
张军,赵静.DSP芯片的特点及其应用.现代电子技术,2001, (11):79~81
邵贝贝.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ的应用与新展.电子产品世界,2002,(9):21~22
高伟华,杨子军.嵌入式操作系统的研究现状及发展趋势,黑龙江电力,2002,24(5):393~386
刘涛,刘志明. 嵌入式系统中的编程技术.西山科技,2002, (5):26~28
李仕勇,潭南林.实时多任务操作系统与单片机软件设计.电子产品世界,2002, (7):38~41
钟洁,王素菊.不锈钢管表面缺陷涡流检测信号的仿真计算.数据采集与处理.1997,12(2):101~105
林俊明等.DSP技术在涡流信号处理中的应用.无损探伤.2002(5): 1~33
Yannick De Wilde, Frederic Gay, Francois P.M. Piquemal, and Gerard Geneves. Measurements of Single Electron Transistor Devices Combined with a CCC: Progress Report. IEEE Trans Instrum Meas,2001,l(2):50~55
张宪超,武继刚等.离散傅立叶变换的算术傅立叶变换算法.电子学报.2000,(1):105~107
毛俊,张学智.快速傅立叶变换算法的比较.西安工业学院学报,2002(2):106~111
杨静,孙光民.数字信号处理算法软件开发.北京工业大学学报,2002, (增刊):41~45
Lo Peichen,Lee Yuyun.Real-time implementation of the moving FFT algorithm.Signal Processing(Nethand),1999, (79): 51~259
Kumar B.Kumar A. Linear Phasee FIR Approximation of Magnitude Response for Maximal Flatess at an Arbitrary Freqency.Circuit Systems Signal Process.1999,18(5):445~455
张志强,姚志远. 时频分析及其应用.东船舶工业学院学报.2002, (4):48~52
M. Antonakios,Ph. Rizo. Real Time Digital Tomosynthesis System Dedicated to Industrial Solid Rocket Motor Examination. [M/CD]. Proc of 15th WCNDT. Rome:2000.905
Masayasu Ohtsu. Three-Dimensional Visualization of Moment Tensor Analysis by SiGMA-AE.R. Venteris Exploration of DSP architectures in ultrasonic measurement applications,Non Destructive Testing, 2003,8(7):1452~1460
程佩青.数字信号处理 ——一门正在蓬勃发展的新学科.电子科技导报,1995,(1):77~78
王天祥.数字信号处理器(DSP)及其支持芯片的选择.DSP开发与应用,1996,(1):64~67
孟逢逢,蒋建国.DSP技术的应用及发展.微处理机,2000,(3):1~4
TMS320LF2407,TMS320LF2407,TMS320LF2407DSP Controllers. Texas Instruments,2002:1~122
Understanding the TMS320F240 External Memory Interface. Texas Instruments,1998: 2~12
杜爱玲,乔巍等.2407在电力谐波分析中的应用.微处理机,2002(3):44~46
江思敏等.TMS320LF240X DSP硬件开发教程.机械工业出版社,2003:288~377
TMS320F/C240 DSP Controllers Reference Guide Peripheral Library and Specific Devices. Texas Instruments, 1999:122 ~145
朱起悦.数字信号处理单片机TMS320F206的开发实践研究.电讯技术,2000,(1):12~14
TMS320LF2407 Evaluation Module Technical Reference.Spec -trum Digital ,2001:21~44
TMS320LF/LC240xA DSP Controllers Reference Guide System and Peripherals.Texas Instruments,2000:71~255
刘和平等.MS320LF240X DSP C语言开发应用.北京航空航天大学出版社,2003:273~305
祝振勇等.FPGA设计及应用.西安电子科技大学出版社,2002:75~142
刘冠蓉,李治国,基于DSP的嵌入式操作系统.交通与计算机,2002, (3):23~25
马玉英.嵌入式系统开发工具及 RTOS平台.青海师范大学学报,2002, (4):40~43
钱勇.μC/OS-Ⅱ针对TM320C32的移植.电子产品世界,2002, (10):1~34
吴斌,宗行.C语言实现高效嵌入式编程.感器世界,2002,(3):20~26
万国庆, 樊景云.钢铁件热处理质量的快速无损检测技术.黑龙江科技出版社,1987: 25~40
Lin junming. Improvement on On-line Eddy Current Equipment for Steel Tubes Inspection. None Destructive Detection, 1992 ,(1): 35~39
任吉林.我国涡流检测技术的发展.无损检测,1994,16(10): 28~31
任吉林,武太峰.现代无损检测技术的展望.无损探伤,1993, (6): 1~5
李雨润. 涡流无损检测技术进展. 无损探伤,1999,29(2): 34~37
叶建武,樊景云等.WGF-E型电磁无损检测仪的研制.无损探伤.2000 ,(1): 20~23
冉在芳.无损检测的分类及特征简介.无损检测,1999,21(2): 35~37
RoberrlJ.Lord,Assessment of penetrate and eddy current methods for the detection of small cracks. Materials E-vauation, 1993, 51 (10):1090~1094
E.S. Boltz and T.C. Tierny.New electromagnetic sensors for detection of subsurface cracking and corrosion. Review of Progress in QNDE, 1998, (17):1033~1038
Dipl. Ing. Hartmut Vallen. AE Testing Fundamentals,Equipment, Applications. NDT&E , 2002, 7(9):1023~1030
W. Avrin .Magnetoresistive eddy-current sensor for detecting deeply buried flaws. Review of Progress in QNDE, 1996 , (15):1145~1150
林俊明等.低频/电磁无损检测技术的研究.无损探伤.2002,24(1):30~32
金建华等.基于磁性传感器信息融合的油管损伤在线检测技术.无损检测.2002,24(9):375~380
游凤荷.涡流检测技术的某些新进展. 无损检测, 2001,23(3):21~25
林俊明等.再谈智能高速在线涡流探伤系统的研发.无损检测.2002,24(3):108~109
刘兆江,马迪峰.近表面裂纹的低频涡流检查.无损检测.2000,22(3):131~133
陈建忠,史耀武. 无损检测交变磁场测量法. 无损检测.2001,23(3):96~99
吴平川等.钢材表面的无损检测技术与应用.无损检测.2000,22(7):312~315
武新军等.数字化油管井口无损检测系统.无损检测.2002,24(1):422~424
Klyuev vv.Ecological diagnostica—one of the most important NDT activities in the 21st century[M/CD].Proc of 15th WCNDT. Rome:2000.451
Gallant S. I. Perception-based learning algorithms. IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks. 1990,1(2):179~191
Hun-tang Chao and Ching-cheng Teng. A fuzzy neural network based extended Kalman filter. International Jorunal of Systems Science,1996,27(3):333~339
施克仁,何朝珲.人工神经网络在涡流检测信号中的应用.无损检测.1996,19(7):199~201
Edward Szczerbicki. Decision trees and neural networks for reasoning and Knowledge acquisition for autonomous agents. International Journal of Systems Science, 1996,27(2):233~239
Hagan MT, Mengaj M. Training Feedforward networks with the Marquardt algorithm. IEEE Trans Neural Networks, 1994,5(6):989-993
R.M. Sanner and J. J.E. Slotine, Gaussian networkd for direct adaptive control. IEEE Trans. Neural Networks,3(11):837-863
Masnata A, Sensen M. Neural network classifiction of flaws detected by ultrasonic means. NDT&E , 1996, 29(3):87-93
陈国华. 模糊理论在焊缝缺陷质量等级中的应用研究.无损检测,1998,20(2):39~41
DaubechiesI. The wavelet transform time-frequency localization and signal analysis.IEEETrans(Information Theory),1990,36(9):961-1004
刘镇清等.小波变换及应用.无损检测.2001,23(4):174~177
张晓春.小波变换在无损检测中的应用.无损检测,997,19(3):96~98
林俊明.多频涡流检测原理及应用.无损检测.1996,18(1):23~26
张宏海,李成中.嵌入式实时系统.安徽工业大学学报,2003,20(1):58~61
何熙文,李海波等.关于微处理器研发及性能的一些新动态.微处理机,2002, (3):1~3
张军,赵静.DSP芯片的特点及其应用.现代电子技术,2001, (11):79~81
邵贝贝.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ的应用与新展.电子产品世界,2002,(9):21~22
高伟华,杨子军.嵌入式操作系统的研究现状及发展趋势,黑龙江电力,2002,24(5):393~386
刘涛,刘志明. 嵌入式系统中的编程技术.西山科技,2002, (5):26~28
李仕勇,潭南林.实时多任务操作系统与单片机软件设计.电子产品世界,2002, (7):38~41
钟洁,王素菊.不锈钢管表面缺陷涡流检测信号的仿真计算.数据采集与处理.1997,12(2):101~105
林俊明等.DSP技术在涡流信号处理中的应用.无损探伤.2002(5): 1~33
Yannick De Wilde, Frederic Gay, Francois P.M. Piquemal, and Gerard Geneves. Measurements of Single Electron Transistor Devices Combined with a CCC: Progress Report. IEEE Trans Instrum Meas,2001,l(2):50~55
张宪超,武继刚等.离散傅立叶变换的算术傅立叶变换算法.电子学报.2000,(1):105~107
毛俊,张学智.快速傅立叶变换算法的比较.西安工业学院学报,2002(2):106~111
杨静,孙光民.数字信号处理算法软件开发.北京工业大学学报,2002, (增刊):41~45
Lo Peichen,Lee Yuyun.Real-time implementation of the moving FFT algorithm.Signal Processing(Nethand),1999, (79): 51~259
Kumar B.Kumar A. Linear Phasee FIR Approximation of Magnitude Response for Maximal Flatess at an Arbitrary Freqency.Circuit Systems Signal Process.1999,18(5):445~455
张志强,姚志远. 时频分析及其应用.东船舶工业学院学报.2002, (4):48~52
M. Antonakios,Ph. Rizo. Real Time Digital Tomosynthesis System Dedicated to Industrial Solid Rocket Motor Examination. [M/CD]. Proc of 15th WCNDT. Rome:2000.905
Masayasu Ohtsu. Three-Dimensional Visualization of Moment Tensor Analysis by SiGMA-AE.R. Venteris Exploration of DSP architectures in ultrasonic measurement applications,Non Destructive Testing, 2003,8(7):1452~1460
程佩青.数字信号处理 ——一门正在蓬勃发展的新学科.电子科技导报,1995,(1):77~78
王天祥.数字信号处理器(DSP)及其支持芯片的选择.DSP开发与应用,1996,(1):64~67
孟逢逢,蒋建国.DSP技术的应用及发展.微处理机,2000,(3):1~4
TMS320LF2407,TMS320LF2407,TMS320LF2407DSP Controllers. Texas Instruments,2002:1~122
Understanding the TMS320F240 External Memory Interface. Texas Instruments,1998: 2~12
杜爱玲,乔巍等.2407在电力谐波分析中的应用.微处理机,2002(3):44~46
江思敏等.TMS320LF240X DSP硬件开发教程.机械工业出版社,2003:288~377
TMS320F/C240 DSP Controllers Reference Guide Peripheral Library and Specific Devices. Texas Instruments, 1999:122 ~145
朱起悦.数字信号处理单片机TMS320F206的开发实践研究.电讯技术,2000,(1):12~14
TMS320LF2407 Evaluation Module Technical Reference.Spec -trum Digital ,2001:21~44
TMS320LF/LC240xA DSP Controllers Reference Guide System and Peripherals.Texas Instruments,2000:71~255
刘和平等.MS320LF240X DSP C语言开发应用.北京航空航天大学出版社,2003:273~305
祝振勇等.FPGA设计及应用.西安电子科技大学出版社,2002:75~142
刘冠蓉,李治国,基于DSP的嵌入式操作系统.交通与计算机,2002, (3):23~25
马玉英.嵌入式系统开发工具及 RTOS平台.青海师范大学学报,2002, (4):40~43
钱勇.μC/OS-Ⅱ针对TM320C32的移植.电子产品世界,2002, (10):1~34
吴斌,宗行.C语言实现高效嵌入式编程.感器世界,2002,(3):20~26