综合防渗技术在华山水库除险加固中的应用研究
|
摘要
综合防渗技术治理病险土石坝，是根据水库大坝产生病害的不同部位、不同原因、工程地质特点等，采用不同技术措施，进行综合治理，做到科学、经济、合理。综合防渗技术比单一技术具有技术易掌握、施工速度快、工程成本低等诸多优点，具有巨大的发展潜力，是病险水库土石坝治理的发展方向和总趋势，必将给病险水库土石坝防渗加固带来更广阔的应用前景。
本论文以广西永福县华山水库除险加固工程为实例，通过大量阅读国内外防渗方面的文献资料，经多方面、多渠道了解国内外土石坝防渗技术后，对华山水库大坝防渗加固进行分析研究。着重从坝基和坝体渗漏原因入手，应用土力学、材料力学、水力学等知识，运用达西定律和有限元法，针对水库蓄水位的不同，按照正常蓄水位、设计洪水位和校核洪水位三种不同的工况，对大坝渗漏通道进行模拟，进而对水库大坝现状、防渗加固方案进行坝基和坝体的渗漏稳定分析，并对上述三种不同工况下的坝坡稳定做了分析研究。根据分析计算结果并充分考虑施工条件及工程造价等综合因素，提出适合于华山水库大坝的防渗加固方案，即坝基采取帷幕灌浆、坝体采取防渗砼心墙和坝内坡铺设复合土工膜的综合防渗加固方案，为进一步根治华山水库的渗漏提供了非常有价值的参考，并为其他同类工程提供有价值的实用方法。这对提高我区病险水库除险加固水平、促进广西水利建设事业的发展具有重要的现实意义。
People treat sick and dangerous earth rock dam by technology of compositive seepage prevention, which is used varietly according to different parts、reasons、characters of engineering geology and so on, that make it much more scientific, economic and reasonable. Comparing technology of compositive seepage prevention with the single one, the former has many merits, such as being easier to be master, being more quickly in construction and the engineering cheaper etc.. The technology has enormous development potentiality, it is the developing direction and the general trend, it will bring more broad application prospective to reinforce and seepping earth-rock dam of dangerous reservoir.
This paper takes the reinforcement project of Huashan reservoir in Yongfu County of Guangxi Province as example, after reading massive domestic and foreign documents about seepage prevention, with understanding domestic and foreign technology of earth-rock dam seepage prevention from many aspects and ways, it study on seepage prevention and reinforceing on Huashan reservoir's dam, and mainly on the reasons cause of seepage to dam's foundation and body, applies knowledge of soil mechanics、materials mechanics、hydraulics and so on, uses Darcy's law and finite element method, and simulates dam's seepage path according to three different working conditions such as: normal water level, designed flood level and examinationed flood level, then analyses seepage stability of dam's foundation and body for current situation and the reinforcement plan, analyses and researches stability of dam's slope when the reservoir be in three different working conditions above-mentioned. According to analytic and calculated result, at the same time, considers compositive factors about construction condition engineering cost etc., then puts forward the seegape prevention and reinforcement plan that it is suitable Huashan reservoir's dam, the reinforcement plan is heavy curtain grouting to dam's foundation, builds the concrete heart wall of against seepage to dam's body and laies compound geomenbrane to dam's slope, it will provide much valuable reference to further settle seepage problem of Huashan reservoir's dam and provide valuable practical method for other similar projects. This will have the practical significance on enhancing the reservoir reinforcement level and developing the water construction in our Guangxi Province.
本论文以广西永福县华山水库除险加固工程为实例，通过大量阅读国内外防渗方面的文献资料，经多方面、多渠道了解国内外土石坝防渗技术后，对华山水库大坝防渗加固进行分析研究。着重从坝基和坝体渗漏原因入手，应用土力学、材料力学、水力学等知识，运用达西定律和有限元法，针对水库蓄水位的不同，按照正常蓄水位、设计洪水位和校核洪水位三种不同的工况，对大坝渗漏通道进行模拟，进而对水库大坝现状、防渗加固方案进行坝基和坝体的渗漏稳定分析，并对上述三种不同工况下的坝坡稳定做了分析研究。根据分析计算结果并充分考虑施工条件及工程造价等综合因素，提出适合于华山水库大坝的防渗加固方案，即坝基采取帷幕灌浆、坝体采取防渗砼心墙和坝内坡铺设复合土工膜的综合防渗加固方案，为进一步根治华山水库的渗漏提供了非常有价值的参考，并为其他同类工程提供有价值的实用方法。这对提高我区病险水库除险加固水平、促进广西水利建设事业的发展具有重要的现实意义。
People treat sick and dangerous earth rock dam by technology of compositive seepage prevention, which is used varietly according to different parts、reasons、characters of engineering geology and so on, that make it much more scientific, economic and reasonable. Comparing technology of compositive seepage prevention with the single one, the former has many merits, such as being easier to be master, being more quickly in construction and the engineering cheaper etc.. The technology has enormous development potentiality, it is the developing direction and the general trend, it will bring more broad application prospective to reinforce and seepping earth-rock dam of dangerous reservoir.
This paper takes the reinforcement project of Huashan reservoir in Yongfu County of Guangxi Province as example, after reading massive domestic and foreign documents about seepage prevention, with understanding domestic and foreign technology of earth-rock dam seepage prevention from many aspects and ways, it study on seepage prevention and reinforceing on Huashan reservoir's dam, and mainly on the reasons cause of seepage to dam's foundation and body, applies knowledge of soil mechanics、materials mechanics、hydraulics and so on, uses Darcy's law and finite element method, and simulates dam's seepage path according to three different working conditions such as: normal water level, designed flood level and examinationed flood level, then analyses seepage stability of dam's foundation and body for current situation and the reinforcement plan, analyses and researches stability of dam's slope when the reservoir be in three different working conditions above-mentioned. According to analytic and calculated result, at the same time, considers compositive factors about construction condition engineering cost etc., then puts forward the seegape prevention and reinforcement plan that it is suitable Huashan reservoir's dam, the reinforcement plan is heavy curtain grouting to dam's foundation, builds the concrete heart wall of against seepage to dam's body and laies compound geomenbrane to dam's slope, it will provide much valuable reference to further settle seepage problem of Huashan reservoir's dam and provide valuable practical method for other similar projects. This will have the practical significance on enhancing the reservoir reinforcement level and developing the water construction in our Guangxi Province.
引文
[1] 白永年等著．中国堤坝防渗加固新技术．中国水利水电出版社，2001
[2] 汝乃华，牛运光编著．大坝事故与安全·土石坝．中国水利水电出版社，2001
[3] 顾淦臣，束一鸣，沈长松编著．土石坝工程经验与创新．中国电力出版社，2004
[4] 牛运光编著．病险水库加固实例．中国水利水电出版社，2002
[5] 白永年，吴士宁，王洪恩等编著．土石坝加固．水利电力出版社，1992
[6] 牛运光编著．土坝安全与加固．中国水利水电出版社，1998
[7] 肖振荣编著．水利水电工程事故处理及问题研究．中国水利水电出版社，2004
[8] 冀春楼主编．水利概论．黄河水利出版社，2004
[9] 毛昶熙主编．渗流计算分析与控制．中国水利水电出版社，2003
[10] 华东水利学院主编．水工设计手册 第四卷：土石坝．水利电力出版社，1984
[11] 白永年，刘宪奎等编著．土坝坝体和堤防灌浆．水利电力出版社，1985
[12] G. G. Meyerhof, The Ultimate Bearing Capacity or Foundations, Geotechnique, 1951, Vol. Ⅱ. P301
[13] G. G. Meyerhof, inflence of Roughness of Bass and Ground-water condition on the Ultimate Bearing Capacity or Foundations, Geotechnique, 1995, Vol. Ⅴ. P227
[14] J. Brinch Hansen, A General Formula for Bearing Capacity, The Danish Geotechnical Institute Bulletin 1961, NO. 11.
[15] Josph E. Bowles, Analytical and Computer Methods in Foundation Engineering, 1974, P62～66
[16] 铁道旋喷注浆科研协作组编．旋喷注浆加固地基技术．中国铁道出版社，1984
[17] 水利电力部科学研究所，河北省水利科学研究所．土坝安全与加固．水利电力出版社，1975
[18] 陆文海等编著．水工建筑物病害处理．四川科技出版社，1985
[19] 李茂芳，孙钊编著．大坝基础灌浆(第二版)．水利电力出版社，1985
[20] 白永年，关德斌，王洪恩等编著．土坝坝体劈裂灌浆技术．水利电力出版社，1997
[21] 土工合成材料工程应用手册．中国建筑工业出版社，1994
[22] 郑秀培编著．土坝地基混凝土防渗墙设计与计算．水利电力出版社，1979
[23] 朱诗鳌编著．坝工技术史．水利电力出版社，1995
[24] 武鹏林，霍德敏，马存信，晋华编著．水利计算与水库调度．地震出版社，2000
[25] 杨光煦著．砂砾地基防渗工程．水利电力出版社，1993
[26] 王德厚编著．大坝安全监测与控制．中国水利水电出版社，2004
[27] 张启岳等编著．土石坝观测技术．水利电力出版社，1993
[28] 南京水利科学研究所．土坝渗流分析．水利电力出版社，1981
[29] G. G. Meyerhof, The Ultimate Bearing Capacity or Foundations under Eccentric and Inclined Load, Proc. 3rd Int. conf. On Soil Mechanics, 1953, Vol. Ⅰ, P440
[30] 闰晓兵，山西水利，2005年第4期
[31] 白永年 马秀媛，中国水利，2001年第6期
[32] 刘杰．土石坝渗透破坏的原因及控制措施[J]．水利水电技术，1999，(3)．
[33] 刘杰．土石坝裂缝防止与渗流控制[J]．水利水电技术，1991，(2)．
[34] 顾淦臣．土石坝的现状水平及发展趋势[J]．土石坝工程，1984，(1)．
[2] 汝乃华，牛运光编著．大坝事故与安全·土石坝．中国水利水电出版社，2001
[3] 顾淦臣，束一鸣，沈长松编著．土石坝工程经验与创新．中国电力出版社，2004
[4] 牛运光编著．病险水库加固实例．中国水利水电出版社，2002
[5] 白永年，吴士宁，王洪恩等编著．土石坝加固．水利电力出版社，1992
[6] 牛运光编著．土坝安全与加固．中国水利水电出版社，1998
[7] 肖振荣编著．水利水电工程事故处理及问题研究．中国水利水电出版社，2004
[8] 冀春楼主编．水利概论．黄河水利出版社，2004
[9] 毛昶熙主编．渗流计算分析与控制．中国水利水电出版社，2003
[10] 华东水利学院主编．水工设计手册 第四卷：土石坝．水利电力出版社，1984
[11] 白永年，刘宪奎等编著．土坝坝体和堤防灌浆．水利电力出版社，1985
[12] G. G. Meyerhof, The Ultimate Bearing Capacity or Foundations, Geotechnique, 1951, Vol. Ⅱ. P301
[13] G. G. Meyerhof, inflence of Roughness of Bass and Ground-water condition on the Ultimate Bearing Capacity or Foundations, Geotechnique, 1995, Vol. Ⅴ. P227
[14] J. Brinch Hansen, A General Formula for Bearing Capacity, The Danish Geotechnical Institute Bulletin 1961, NO. 11.
[15] Josph E. Bowles, Analytical and Computer Methods in Foundation Engineering, 1974, P62～66
[16] 铁道旋喷注浆科研协作组编．旋喷注浆加固地基技术．中国铁道出版社，1984
[17] 水利电力部科学研究所，河北省水利科学研究所．土坝安全与加固．水利电力出版社，1975
[18] 陆文海等编著．水工建筑物病害处理．四川科技出版社，1985
[19] 李茂芳，孙钊编著．大坝基础灌浆(第二版)．水利电力出版社，1985
[20] 白永年，关德斌，王洪恩等编著．土坝坝体劈裂灌浆技术．水利电力出版社，1997
[21] 土工合成材料工程应用手册．中国建筑工业出版社，1994
[22] 郑秀培编著．土坝地基混凝土防渗墙设计与计算．水利电力出版社，1979
[23] 朱诗鳌编著．坝工技术史．水利电力出版社，1995
[24] 武鹏林，霍德敏，马存信，晋华编著．水利计算与水库调度．地震出版社，2000
[25] 杨光煦著．砂砾地基防渗工程．水利电力出版社，1993
[26] 王德厚编著．大坝安全监测与控制．中国水利水电出版社，2004
[27] 张启岳等编著．土石坝观测技术．水利电力出版社，1993
[28] 南京水利科学研究所．土坝渗流分析．水利电力出版社，1981
[29] G. G. Meyerhof, The Ultimate Bearing Capacity or Foundations under Eccentric and Inclined Load, Proc. 3rd Int. conf. On Soil Mechanics, 1953, Vol. Ⅰ, P440
[30] 闰晓兵，山西水利，2005年第4期
[31] 白永年 马秀媛，中国水利，2001年第6期
[32] 刘杰．土石坝渗透破坏的原因及控制措施[J]．水利水电技术，1999，(3)．
[33] 刘杰．土石坝裂缝防止与渗流控制[J]．水利水电技术，1991，(2)．
[34] 顾淦臣．土石坝的现状水平及发展趋势[J]．土石坝工程，1984，(1)．